Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment process useful for the removal of nitrogen oxides using an iron impregnated zeolite as the catalyst and ammonia as a reducing agent. It is desired to extend the effective temperature range for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides below about 400.degree. C. This is accomplished in the instant invention through the use of an intermediate pore size zeolite, such as ZSM-5, based catalyst which has been ferrocene treated to substantially incorporate iron into its pores. The catalyst may also be hydrothermally treated at least once, if desired.

Abstract: Use of a carbon-based catalyst composition, particularly activated-carbon, optionally containing at least one metal selected from Ni, Co, Mo, W, Fe, or mixtures thereof, for heavy oil hydroprocessing. Recovery and partial gasification of the catalyst to produce a synthesis gas and a partially gasified catalyst residue. Use of the synthesis gas in a process to produce synthetic hydrocarbons and use of the catalyst residue in steel or alloy production. Catalysts used for heavy oil hydrocarbon hydroprocessing frequently become contaminated with metals which increase the cost of disposal of the spent catalysts, e.g. landfills. This invention uses a specific catalyst for hydroprocessing which can then be partially gasified to produce a catalyst residue which can be further used in steel or alloy production, thereby reducing the need for expensive disposal.

Abstract: A process is described wherein the HCN in FCC hydrocarbon gas streams is converted to NH.sub.3 over a catalyst. This conversion has the desirable result of decreasing the amount of CN.sup.- in the water leaving the sour-water stripper, and ultimately in the refinery water effluent.

Abstract: A process for the heterogeneous catalytic oligomerization of norbornene comprising the steps of reacting norborene in the presence of a solid catalyst comprising a porous crystalline material having a Constraint Index of from about 0.1 to about 12 under oligomerization conditions to evolve a product containing norbornene oligomers.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the catalytic norbornylation of aromatics comprising the steps of contacting norborene and an aromatic hydrocarbon with a solid catalyst comprising a porous crystalline material having a Constraint Index of from about 0.1 to about 12 under norbornylation conditions to evolve a product containing norbornylated aromatics.

Abstract: The present invention includes a process for rejuvenating a spent aqueous alkanolamine solution comprising use of alkyl-substituted ammonium-containing organic base treatment to remove inorganic ions.

Abstract: The surface properties of hydrofluoric acid are modified by the addition of a perfluoro compound in order to reduce the tendency of the HF to form an aerosol upon any release of HF alkylation acid from an HF alkylation unit. The perfluoro compounds which are used are the perfluorosulfonic acid fluorides and perfluorocarboxylic acid fluorides.

Abstract: A process for reducing the aliphatic sulfur content of a crude oil in a production site is disclosed. A crude oil with a high aliphatic sulfur content is treated at ambient reaction temperature with an oxidant which comprises formic acid and hydrogen peroxide. Preferably, the crude is treated with an amount of the oxidant of about 2 moles of oxidant for each mole of aliphatic sulfur in the crude. Preferably reaction temperature ranges from about 30.degree. F. to 100.degree. F. The oxidant converts the aliphatic sulfur compounds of the crude to a water soluble phase which is separated from the crude oil in a water wash.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for removing heat stable salts which accumulate in alkanolamine gas purification process units. Surprisingly, it has been found that weakly acidic cationic exchange resins are dramatically more effective for removing heat stable salts from alkanolamine solutions than strongly acidic cationic exchange resins.Specifically, it has been found in accordance with the invention that ion exchange resins are useful for purifying used aqueous alkanolamine solutions, in the following order of preference: Weak Acid IX>Weak Base IX>Strong Acid IX>Strong Base IX.

Abstract: A process for producing a natural gas condensate having a reduced amount of mercury from a mercury-containing natural gas wellstream, wherein the wellstream is separated into gaseous and liquid fractions. The treatment of the gaseous fraction includes treatment with a carbonate solution which, upon regeneration, yields an acid gas. A portion of the acid gas is mixed with the liquid fraction, the mixture is then filtered, passed over a substance capable of adsorbing hydrogen sulfide, and separated into a stream comprising a natural gas condensate and at least one other stream comprising lower molecular weight hydrocarbons and/or other gases.

Abstract: Deasphalting heavy, asphaltic crudes before significant thermal treatment, even mild treatment which is inherent in, e.g., vacuum distillation, produces deasphalted whole crude with a reduced soluble metal content. This process is especially effective for preparing feedstocks for catalytic cracking units from heavy crudes containing large amounts of Ni and V which are porphyrin coordinated, and which are thermally unstable.

Abstract: The present invention advantageously provides a desiccant bed with means for removing residual mercury from a gas, such as a natural gas stream. The desiccant bed includes a silver and/or gold-containing layer and a protective layer of pellets having an active compound comprising at least one of copper hydroxide, copper oxide and copper sulfide. The active compound provides the desiccant bed with the additional advantage of removing H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 as well as mercury from the gaseous stream. The desiccant bed removes the mercury, H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 without incurring the pressure loss inherent in utilizing a separate downstream adsorbent bed for removing Hg.

Abstract: A process for fixing elemental mercury (Hg.degree.) in a spent molecular sieve desiccant is disclosed. The process includes isolating gspent molecular sieve desiccant containing elemental mercury, and contacting the spent desiccant in a dilute aqueous solution of an alkaline metal salt. The reaction traps the mercury within the spent desiccant as an insoluble heavy metal salt. The alkaline metal salt can include, for example, sodium thiosulfate (Na.sub.2 S.sub.2 O.sub.3), sodium polysulfide (Na.sub.2 S.sub.x), or potassium peroxomonosulfate (KHSO.sub.5). The reaction with any of these aqueous solutions acts to fix the elemental mercury (Hg.degree.) as a mercury compound within the solid desiccant. If sodium thiosulfate or sodium polysulfide is utilized, then the process also includes introducing hydrochloric acid (HCl) in a suitable quantity to liberate sufficient elemental sulfur to react with the elemental mercury (Hg.degree.) to form an HgS salt. The formation of HgS fixes the elemental mercury (Hg.degree.

Abstract: Mercury is removed from a gaseous hydrocarbon stream by passing the stream through an in-line mixer which includes mixing elements which have gas-contacting surfaces of an amalgam-forming metal. Preferred amalgam-forming metals are gold, silver or a combination thereof. A specific in-line mixer has static mixing elements which are disposed along the length of the mixer, preferably, the mixing elements are helically disposed along the length of the mixer. Other contaminants such as water and residual H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 are removed from the gas stream by a gas purification system which includes the in-line mixer and a desiccant bed modified for removing mercury and other contaminants. The modifications to the desiccant bed include a porous gold and/or silver containing layer, i.e., a gold and/or silver wire screen or packed gold and/or silver wool, and a protective layer of alumina pellets having an active compound such as copper hydroxide, copper oxide and copper sulfide impregnated therein.

Abstract: A process for producing a natural gas condensate having a reduced amount of mercury from a mercury-containing natural gas wellstream, wherein the wellstream is first separated into gaseous and liquid fractions. The treatment of the gaseous fraction includes treatment with a carbonate solution which, upon regeneration, yields an acid gas which is mixed with the liquid fraction. The mixture is then separated from gaseous components and filtered.

Abstract: The present invention advantageously provides a conventional dessicant bed with means for removing residual mercury, H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 from a gas, such as a natural gas stream, by replacing an inert protective layer of pellets with an active compound comprising at least one of copper hydroxide, copper oxide and copper sulfide. The active compound provides the dessicant bed with the additional advantage of removing H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 as well as mercury from the gaseous fraction without incurring the pressure loss inherent in utilizing a separate downstream adsorbent bed for removing Hg.

Abstract: An HF alkylation unit incorporates a source of a proton acceptor additive which may be added to the HF alkylation acid in the event of a release of acid from the unit. The addition of the proton acceptor to the acid alters the character of HF droplets in an HF cloud to make them more easily treated by a simple water drench. The proton acceptor is maintained in a pressurized container in the unit and is connected to the reaction section of the unit by way of additive release valves under the control of an emergency controller which opens the valves and permits the additive to enter the reaction section of the unit and mix with the acid to modify its characteristics. The container may be connected to the major acid-containing process vessels in the unit, specifically the acid settler and the acid cooler (in a gravity flow unit) or the acid settler and the reactor (in a pump-around unit).

Abstract: A process for preparing an oxidized sulfurized isobutylene product having utility as an EP additive. The process comprises the steps of: reacting sulfur monochloride with a stoichiometric excess of isobutylene; reacting the product so produced with an alkali metal monosulfide and free sulfur in an alcohol-water solvent; reacting the product so produced with an aqueous solution containing an alkali metal hydroxide; and reacting the liquid sulfurized isobutylene so produced with a mild oxidizing agent under conditions sufficient to effect the appearance of new infrared frequency bands at 1300 cm.sup.-1 and 1030 cm.sup.-1 indicative of the formation of sulfoxides and sulfones and recovering a liquid oxidized sulfurized isobutylene product which is soluble in a lubricating composition.

Abstract: Natural gas, particularly gas to be processed in liquefied natural gas plants, is treated to remove residual mercury by scrubbing with an aqueous solution containing alkali metal polysulfide and sufficient pH adjusting compound to maintain the pH above 8.4.

Abstract: A method of containing a hydrofluoric acid spill which includes the steps of detecting the spill, drenching the hydrofluoric acid spill area with an aqueous drench, drenching the hydrofluoric acid area with an aqueous solution composed of at least one foam generating surfactant, a foam stabilizer and a phase transfer agent. The drenching steps may be performed in sequence or concurrently.