Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system of air-conditioning a seat for a vehicle and a method for controlling the same. The system of air-conditioning a seat for a vehicle includes: a blower disposed below the seat of the vehicle and configured to blow air onto a body contact surface; a first temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of a front end of a suction hole of the blower; a second temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of the body contact surface; a third temperature sensor configured to detect a room temperature of the vehicle; and an HVAC control unit configured to control an air-conditioning system of the vehicle. The HVAC control unit determines a blow direction mode of the air-conditioning system of the vehicle based on the temperatures detected by the first, the second, and the third temperature sensors when the blower is actuated.

Abstract: An ultra-high-strength spring steel, for use as a valve spring steel in a vehicle engine, includes 0.5 to 0.7% by weight of C, 1.2 to 1.5% by weight of Si, 0.6 to 1.2% by weight of Mn, 0.6 to 1.2% by weight of Cr, 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of Mo, 0.05 to 0.8% by weight of Ni, 0.05 to 0.5% by weight of V, 0.05 to 0.5% by weight of Nb, 0.05 to 0.3% by weight of Ti, 0.3% or less by weight of Cu (but not 0%), 0.0001 to 0.3% by weight of Al, 0.03% or less by weight of N (but not 0%), 0.0001 to 0.003% by weight of O, and a remainder of Fe and other unavoidable impurities, based on 100% by weight of the ultrahigh-strength spring steel.

Abstract: A soluble catalyst for a lithium-air battery is provided. The soluble catalyst including a redox mediator (RM) has an ionization energy of about 5.5 to 7.5 eV under vacuum or an oxidation potential of 3.0 to 4.0 V and is well dissolved in an electrolyte without reacting with the electrolyte. In addition, the soluble catalyst has a HOMO level in an original state (RM), which is less than a formation energy of lithium peroxide (Li2O2) but maximally close to the formation energy, and has a HOMO level in an oxidized state (RM+), which is greater than a HOMO level of the electrolyte.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for restoring properties of graphene includes exposing the graphene to plasma having a density in a range from about 0.3*108 cm?3 to about 30*108 cm?3 when the graphene is in a ground state. The method and apparatus may be used for large-area, low-temperature, high-speed, eco-friendly, and silicon treatment of graphene.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a first fin pattern and a second fin pattern which have respective short sides facing each other and are separated from each other, a first field insulating layer which is around the first fin pattern and the second fin pattern, a second field insulating layer and a third field insulating layer which are between the first fin pattern and the second fin pattern, a first gate which is formed on the first fin pattern to intersect the first fin pattern, a second gate which is formed on the second field insulating layer, and a third gate which is formed on the third field insulating layer, wherein upper surfaces of the second and third field insulating layers protrude further upward than an upper surface of the first field insulating layer, and a distance between the first gate and the second gate is equal to a distance between the second gate and the third gate.

Abstract: A test pattern of a semiconductor device is provided, which includes first and second fins formed to project from a substrate and arranged to be spaced apart from each other, first and second gate structures formed to cross the first and second fins, respectively, a first source region and a first drain region arranged on the first fin on one side and the other side of the first gate structure, a second source region and a second drain region arranged on the second fin on one side and the other side of the second gate structure, a first conductive pattern connected to the first and second drain regions to apply a first voltage to the first and second drain regions and a second conductive pattern connecting the first source region and the second gate structure to each other.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and method for managing an electric vehicle. The system includes: a vehicle state information collecting device collecting vehicle state information from one or more sensors; a terminal device receiving the vehicle state information from the vehicle state information collecting device and transmits the received information together with current position information and a vehicle ID for identifying the electric vehicle; and an electric vehicle managing device receiving and storing the vehicle state information for the vehicle ID, comparing the vehicle state information with a preset reference value of the information to determine whether to create a vehicle management message, and creating the vehicle management message that includes the place related to the vehicle state information or the position information of another electric vehicle on the basis of the current position information for the electric vehicle so as to transmit the message to the terminal device.

Abstract: Provided are a tethering providing system and method using short distance communication. More particularly, second short distance communication tethering between a vehicle terminal device and a communication terminal device is set in accordance with whether first short distance communication is established, activated when the vehicle terminal device and the communication terminal device are re-connected through the first short distance communication, and deactivated when the first short distance communication is terminated, thereby providing high-speed data connection through the second short distance communication tethering while reducing battery consumption of the communication terminal device.

Abstract: An ESD protection device includes a substrate having an active fin extending in a first direction, a plurality of gate structures extending in a second direction at a given angle with respect to the first direction and partially covering the active fin, an epitaxial layer in a recess on a portion of the active fin between the gate structures, an impurity region under the epitaxial layer, and a contact plug contacting the epitaxial layer. A central portion of the impurity region is thicker than an edge portion of the impurity region, in the first direction. The contact plug lies over the central portion of the impurity region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pneumatic valve for a vehicle that includes a valve housing that has an intake hole in an intake unit at one end, an exhaust hole and a relief hole in an exhaust unit at another end, and a channel through which air flows therein. An intake plunger selectively opens and closes the intake hole by sliding in the channel of the valve housing. A relief plunger selectively opens and closes the relief hole by sliding in the channel of the valve housing. An intake coil is disposed outside the valve housing and slides the intake plunger using an electromagnetic force; and a relief coil is disposed outside the valve housing and slides the relief plunger using an electromagnetic force.

Abstract: Disclosed is a touch screen liquid crystal display device (LCD) that includes a first substrate that includes a plurality of pixels defined by crossings of gate lines and data lines, each pixel including a thin film transistor; a second substrate that includes a color filter and a black matrix; a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate; a plurality of gap column spacers on the second substrate and contacting the first substrate; a press column spacer on the second substrate and spaced apart from the first substrate; and a third substrate attached to the second substrate, wherein the plurality of gap column spacers have a density of 0.05% to 0.11% with respect to a display region of the first substrate.

Abstract: Provided are a tethering providing system and method using short distance communication. More particularly, second short distance communication tethering between a vehicle terminal device and a communication terminal device is set in accordance with whether first short distance communication is established, activated when the vehicle terminal device and the communication terminal device are re-connected through the first short distance communication, and deactivated when the first short distance communication is terminated, thereby providing high-speed data connection through the second short distance communication tethering while reducing battery consumption of the communication terminal device.

Abstract: Provided is a matrix switching type touch panel including a plurality of touch pads disposed in a visible area on a substrate in a dot matrix format, the touch pads spaced from one another, and a plurality of signal lines disposed in a space between the touch pads, each connecting a touch pad and a touch driving circuit of an invisible area. The panel comprises: unit electrodes made of a transparent electroconductive material and disposed within the visible area; touch pad areas each determined in an area corresponding to each touch pad; signal line areas each determined in an area corresponding to each signal line; and bridges electrically connecting the plurality of unit electrodes disposed in each touch pad area and each signal line area. The unit electrodes are arranged in a zigzag format with respect to a first axis parallel to the signal lines.

Abstract: A telematics service system and a terminal predict a driving start time of a vehicle based on a driving pattern of a user, compare status information of the vehicle and a set temperature before the predicted driving start time of the vehicle, and generate a temperature control signal so that an interior temperature of the vehicle reaches the set temperature. The terminal is fixed inside the vehicle. A vehicle electronic control device attached to the vehicle collects the status information of the vehicle, provides the collected information to the terminal device, and controls a temperature adjustment device of the vehicle in accordance with the temperature control signal of the terminal device to adjust the interior temperature of the vehicle to reach the set temperature.

Abstract: A test pattern of a semiconductor device is provided, which includes first and second fins formed to project from a substrate and arranged to be spaced apart from each other, first and second gate structures formed to cross the first and second fins, respectively, a first source region and a first drain region arranged on the first fin on one side and the other side of the first gate structure, a second source region and a second drain region arranged on the second fin on one side and the other side of the second gate structure, a first conductive pattern connected to the first and second drain regions to apply a first voltage to the first and second drain regions and a second conductive pattern connecting the first source region and the second gate structure to each other.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and method for managing an electric vehicle. The system includes: a vehicle state information collecting device collecting vehicle state information from one or more sensors; a terminal device receiving the vehicle state information from the vehicle state information collecting device and transmits the received information together with current position information and a vehicle ID for identifying the electric vehicle; and an electric vehicle managing device receiving and storing the vehicle state information for the vehicle ID, comparing the vehicle state information with a preset reference value of the information to determine whether to create a vehicle management message, and creating the vehicle management message that includes the place related to the vehicle state information or the position information of another electric vehicle on the basis of the current position information for the electric vehicle so as to transmit the message to the terminal device.

Abstract: A scanning apparatus and an image forming apparatus having the same. The scanning apparatus includes: a main body having a scanning unit; a cover to open and close upon an upper surface of the main body; a hinge unit disposed on one of the main body and the cover so that the cover is rotatable with respect to the main body; a hinge accommodating unit disposed on the other of the main body and the cover to accommodate the hinge unit so that the cover is movable in an upward and downward direction with respect to the upper surface of the main body; and a movement restricting unit disposed on at least one of the hinge unit and the hinge accommodating unit to restrict a movement of the cover in the upward and downward direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system, method, and device for providing additional services when charging an electric vehicle. The system, method, and device download and output content and advertising data through a secondary battery while charging a battery of the electric vehicle. A secondary battery charging device receives content and advertising data from a content providing device and an advertising providing device, respectively, while charging the battery of the electric vehicle, and transmits the received content and advertising data to a vehicle managing device. The vehicle managing device receives the content and advertising data from the secondary battery device, executes the content according to a user's input, and outputs the advertising data while executing the content. The vehicle managing device may transmit information regarding the number of outputs of the advertising data to the advertising providing device.

Abstract: A highly proton conductive polymer electrolyte composite membrane for a fuel cell is provided. The composite membrane includes crosslinked polyvinylsulfonic acid. The composite membrane is produced by impregnating a mixed solution of vinylsulfonic acid as a monomer, a hydroxyl group-containing bisacrylamide as a crosslinking agent and a photoinitiator or thermal initiator into a microporous polymer support, polymerizing the monomer, and simultaneously thermal-crosslinking or photo-crosslinking the polymer to form a chemically crosslinked polymer electrolyte membrane which is also physically crosslinked with the porous support. Further provided is a method for producing the composite membrane in a simple manner at low cost as well as a fuel cell using the composite membrane.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and a method of driving the same are provided in which, if a driving environment is determined to be a low temperature environment, a driving load of an image forming unit is decreased by repeating driving and stopping a driving motor under a high load driving condition to generate a torque higher than a torque generated under a normal warm-up driving condition; and a warm-up operation is performed by driving the driving motor under the normal warm-up driving condition.