Abstract: A multi-layer coating for a surface of an article comprising a diffusion barrier layer and an erosion resistant layer. The diffusion barrier layer may be a nitride film including but not limited to TiNx, TaNx, Zr3N4, and TiZrxNy. The erosion resistant layer may be a rare oxide film including but not limited to YF3, Y2O3, Er2O3, Al2O3, ZrO2, ErAlxOy, YOxFy, YAlxOy, YZrxOy and YZrxAlyOz. The diffusion barrier layer and the erosion resistant layer may be deposited on the article's surface using a thin film deposition technique including but not limited to, ALD, PVD, and CVD.

Abstract: An article comprises a body having a protective coating. The protective coating is a thin film that comprises a metal oxy-fluoride. The metal oxy-fluoride has an empirical formula of MxOyFz, where M is a metal, y has a value of 0.1 to 1.9 times a value of x and z has a value of 0.1 to 3.9 times the value of x. The protective coating has a thickness of 1 to 30 microns and a porosity of less than 0.1%.

Abstract: A multi-component coating composition for a surface of a semiconductor process chamber component comprising at least one first film layer of a yttrium oxide or a yttrium fluoride coated onto the surface of the semiconductor process chamber component using an atomic layer deposition process and at least one second film layer of an additional oxide or an additional fluoride coated onto the surface of the semiconductor process chamber component using an atomic layer deposition process, wherein the multi-component coating composition is selected from the group consisting of YOxFy, YAlxOy, YZrxOy and YZrxAlyOz.

Abstract: In one embodiment, method of forming fibers is provided. The method includes modifying a first exposed edge of at least one core of a first fiber. The first fiber has a first end, a second end, and a length between the first end and the second end. The second end has the first exposed edge of the core, and the first exposed edge has a first diffusion state. The first fiber may transmit light along the core. The modification of the first exposed edge includes modifying the first diffusion state of the first exposed edge of the core to a second diffusion state such that light exiting the first exposed edge in the second diffusion state is spread over a greater number of angles relative to angles of the light exiting the first exposed edge in the first diffusion state.

Abstract: Systems are provided having, for example, at least first and second processing units, an optical bus system coupled to the at least first and second processing units, and an optical bus controller coupled to the optical bus system. The optical bus system includes a plurality of optical switches and each optical switch includes, for example, at least a first switch state for directing light in at least a first direction and a second switch state for directing light in at least a second direction. Methods for optical bus communication are also provided.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an assembly having a first board, a second board, a fiber bundle, and at least one movable stage is provided. The fiber bundle has a first end and a second end, and the first end of the fiber bundle is attached to the first board first face. The movable stage has a second optical array provided thereon or therein. The movable stage is disposed on the second board such that the at least one motor steers the movable stage. The movable stage is steered such that the second optical array is aligned with the second end of the fiber bundle in a desired manner.

Abstract: In one embodiment, fiber assemblies are provided. The fiber assemblies may have a first fiber and a second fiber. The first fiber may have at least one core having a length and first and second ends. The second end may have a first connector. The second fiber may have at least one core having a length and first and second ends. The second end may have a second connector having at least one magnet. The first connector may be engaged to the second connector, and the at least one magnet may be operated to engage the first connector to the second connector.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a fiber assembly is provided. The fiber assembly has a first fiber having at least one core. The core has a length, a first end, and a second end, and light may be transmitted along the core. The second end has an obtusely angled end surface. The assembly also has a second fiber having at least one core having a first end. Light may be transmitted along the core. The second end of the first fiber is optically coupled to the first end of the second fiber such that light emitted from the first fiber may be transmitted to the second fiber.

Abstract: Apparatus for connecting an interconnecting cable between first and second printed circuit (PC) boards comprises: a base member disposed on a side of the first PC board for fixedly attaching one end of the interconnecting cable to the first PC board; a first connector attached to the other end of the interconnecting cable; a second connector disposed on a side of the second PC board; and a spring member attached to the base member for supporting the first connector away from the side of the first PC board, the spring member operative to force the first connector against the side of the second PC board to cause slidable engagement of the first and second connectors when one of the first and second PC boards is slid past the other of the first and second PC boards.

Abstract: An array of light beam emitter sections comprises: a substrate having a surface divided into an array of sections; and a grouping of light emitters disposed at each surface section and configured to emit light beams at different emission angles with respect to the surface. Also disclosed is apparatus for establishing optical communication channels between the array of light beam emitter sections and an array of light detectors. The apparatus comprises a controller coupled to the arrays of emitter sections and detectors for mapping at least one light emitter of each grouping with a light detector of the detector array to establish optical communication channels between the arrays based on the mappings.

Abstract: Optical communication apparatus comprises: a first IC assembly disposed at a first PCB and comprising: a first IC package electrically coupled to circuits of the first PCB and having an opening in a bottom layer thereof; a first array of optical elements disposed in and electrically coupled to the first IC package and aligned with the bottom layer opening; and a tube of optical fibers disposed in the bottom layer opening with one end aligned under the first array and another end protruding out from the bottom layer of the first package and extending through a hole in the first PCB; a second IC assembly disposed at a second PCB, arranged in parallel with the first PCB, and comprising: a second IC package electrically coupled to circuits of the second PCB and having an opening in a top layer thereof; and a second array of optical elements disposed at the second IC package and electrically coupled thereto through the top layer opening; and wherein the second array being optically aligned with the optical fiber t

Abstract: A system for configuring fiber optic communication channels between arrays of emitters and detectors comprises: an array of light emitters; an array of light detectors; a bundle of optical fibers disposed between the arrays of light emitters and light detectors for conducting light from the light emitters to the light detectors, wherein the number of optical fibers in the bundle is greater than the number of light emitters in the array and wherein an area cross-section of the bundle of optical fibers overlaps the array of light emitters and the array of light detectors; and logic for mapping at least one emitter to at least one detector to establish at least one optical fiber communication channel between the array of light emitters and the array of light detectors. The system is further operative to monitor data communication over the at least one fiber optic communication channel and to reconfigure the mapping based on the monitored data communications thereof.

Abstract: A system for self-configuring optical communication channels between arrays of emitters and detectors comprises: an array of light emitters; an array of light detectors roughly aligned with the array of light emitters; and self-configuration logic for controlling the light emitters of the emitter array to transmit optical data to the array of light detectors and for monitoring received optical data of the light detectors of the detector array to establish light emitter/detector optical channels between the arrays of light emitters and light detectors based on optical data transmission error rates.

Abstract: A system for configuring fiber optic communication channels between arrays of emitters and detectors comprises: an array of light emitters; an array of light detectors; a bundle of optical fibers disposed between the arrays of light emitters and light detectors for conducting light from the light emitters to the light detectors, wherein a diameter of each optical fiber in the bundle is greater than a diameter of light emitted from each light emitter in the array, and wherein an area cross-section of the bundle of optical fibers overlaps the array of light emitters and the array of light detectors; and logic for mapping at least one emitter to at least one detector to establish at least one fiber optic communication channel between the array of light emitters and the array of light detectors. A counterpart method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of aligning optical data communication channels between system functions comprises: emitting an array of light beams from a corresponding array of data emitters in response to electrical data signals generated from a first system function; emitting light beams from two control emitters in response to electrical control signals generated from the first system function; receiving light beams from the data emitters by a corresponding array of data detectors to form an array of data optical communication channels; conducting electrical data signals reproduced from the received data emitter light beams to a second system function; receiving light beams from the two control emitters by two control detector sections to form two control optical communication channels; conducting electrical control signals reproduced from the received control emitter light beams to a second system function; monitoring a multiplicity of light detectors of each of the two control detector sections to determine an offset in opti

Abstract: A method and corresponding apparatus for improving the power consumption of a switch input circuit is described having resistive elements, the method including the steps of providing a wetting current to at least one switch through a respective resistive element, and modulating the wetting current with a pulse width modulation signal to provide a reduced average voltage applied to the respective resistive element, and thereby reduce the power consumption of the circuit.

Abstract: This invention provides a compound of the formula (I): 1

Abstract: This invention provides a compound of the formula (I): or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein R1 is hydrogen, halo or alkyl; R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aminoalkyl or hydroxyalkyl; or R2 and R3 taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached may form hetrocyclic; R4 is hydrogen, halo, acyl, amino, amido, aryl, arylalkyl, or heteroaryl; R5 is hydrogen, halo, alkyl alkenyl, alkynyl, acyl, amino, amido, aryl, arylalkyl, or heteroaryl; R6 is hydrogen, alkyl or alkoxyalkyl; X is NR9 wherein R9 is hydrogen or alkyl; and Y is (CR7R8)n wherein n is an integer from 0 to 5. These compounds have 5-HT4 receptor binding activity, and thus are useful for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, non-ulcer dyspepsia, Functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome or the like in mammalian, especially humans. This invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above compound.

Abstract: This invention provides a compound of the formula (I): 1

Abstract: A pattern recognition system having inter-pattern spacing correction is disclosed which recognizes words and determines where to place spaces between those words by (a) storing each input character in one or more buffers in memory, (b) comparing the last entry of each buffer against a dictionary of known words, (c) copying last entries which match words to new buffers and placing a space after the last entry in the old buffer, (d) deleting a buffer when a last entry from that buffer does not at least match the beginning of a known word in the dictionary, (e) repeating steps (a) through (d) until all the buffers have been deleted or until an end character, such as a carriage return or period has been stored in each buffer, (f) again comparing the last entries from each buffer to the dictionary and deleting any buffer having a last entry which is not a known word in the dictionary or which does not end with a space followed by an end character, and (g) saving and/or outputting the remaining words.