Abstract: Knee pain caused by osteoarthritis is relieved by modifying the shape change of bone(s) underlying articular cartilage, by a method comprising evaluating the bone shape of the patient's joint, injecting the patient with a peptide of SEQ ID No. 1 or applying other therapeutic interventions that can reduce the shape change of the bone(s) underlying articular cartilage, and thereafter evaluating the bone shape of the patient's joint.

Abstract: Compositions for preventing and reversing ultraviolet (UV) radiation damage, preventing antimicrobial drug resistance, protecting a subject from acute radiation syndrome, reducing hair loss resulting from alopecia areata, reducing a probability of cervical cancer, reducing hair loss resulting from radiation therapy or chemotherapy, preventing complications arising from cosmic radiation exposure, preventing complications arising from a disease causing excess mucus formation, reducing a likelihood of infertility in cancer patients, preventing genomic instability from a diagnostic imaging or interventional radiology procedure, preventing radiation therapy-induced organ damage, preventing chemotherapy-associated peripheral neuropathy, protecting skin cells from radiation dermatitis, preventing radiation-induced fibrosis, and reducing ventilator-induced lung injury are provided. The composition includes a target compound.

Abstract: A display system for sensing a finger of a user applied to the display system includes a display panel; a sensor for sensing the finger; a sensing light source configured to emit a first light having a first wavelength W1; and a reflective polarizer disposed between the display panel and the sensor. For a substantially normally incident light, an optical transmittance of the reflective polarizer versus wavelength for a first polarization state has a band edge such that for a first wavelength range extending from a smaller wavelength L1 to a greater wavelength L2 and including W1, where 30 nm?L2?L1?50 nm and L1 is greater than and within about 20 nm of a wavelength L3 corresponding to an optical transmittance of about 50% along the band edge, the optical transmittance has an average of greater than about 75%.

Abstract: An optical construction includes a reflective polarizer and an optically diffusive film disposed on the reflective polarizer. The reflective polarizer includes an outer layer including a plurality of first particles partially protruding from a first major surface thereof to form a structured major surface. A first optically diffusive layer is conformably disposed on the structured major surface. The optically diffusive film includes a second optically diffusive layer including a plurality of nanoparticles dispersed therein, and a structured layer including a structured major surface. For a substantially normally incident light and a visible wavelength range from about 450 nm to about 650 nm and an infrared wavelength range from about 930 nm to about 970 nm, the second optically diffusive layer has an average specular transmittance Vs in the visible wavelength range and an average specular transmittance Is in the infrared wavelength range, where Is/Vs?2.5.

Abstract: Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, and a method of treating hard tissue diseases and disorders are disclosed. The compounds may be a peptide and is structured to bind integrin ?v?3 expressed by osteocytes and by selective binding to the cell surface integrin on hard tissue forming cells regulate three-dimensional bone shape, cartilage formation and repair.

Abstract: An optically diffusive film includes a structured first major surface with a plurality of substantially parallel, substantially planar first surfaces arranged across the first major surface at a plurality of different first height levels. A height difference between any two of the first surfaces is S times Hmin, where S is a number within 15% of an integer and Hmin is a height difference between lowest and next-lowest first surfaces. For a substantially collimated incident light and for a first wavelength in a human-visible wavelength range, the optically diffusive film has an optical haze, Hv, and an optical clarity, Cv, and for a second wavelength in an infrared wavelength range, the optically diffusive film has an optical haze, Hi, and an optical clarity, Ci, such that the ratio Hv/Hi is greater than or equal to 1.5 and the ratio Ci/Cv is greater than or equal to 1.5.

Abstract: An optical system includes an extended illumination source configured to emit light from an extended emission surface thereof and a light redirecting layer disposed on the extended emission surface. The light redirecting layer has a structured major surface that includes a regular array of light redirecting structures, each light redirecting structure including a plurality of facets; and a plurality of discrete spaced apart window segments. The optical system includes a plurality of reflective segments where each reflective segment is disposed on a corresponding window segment. For substantially normally incident light, each reflective segment has a total: average optical reflectance of at least 30% in a visible wavelength range extending from about 420 nm to about 650 nm; and optical transmittance of at least 10% for at least one infrared wavelength in an infrared wavelength range extending from about 800 nm to about 1200 nm.

Abstract: An optical film for reducing at least one of sparkle and moire in a display system includes a structured first major surface that, in at least a first cross-section in a first plane substantially orthogonal to the optical film, has a sinusoidal shape having a variable pitch of greater than about 0.5 microns. For a substantially normally incident light and blue, green, and red wavelengths that are at least 50 nm apart from each other and are disposed within respective blue, green, and red wavelength ranges, optical transmissions of the optical film versus transmitted angle for the blue, green and red wavelengths have respective blue, green, and red transmission bands disposed at angles greater than about 1 degree and having respective blue, green, and red full width at half maxima (FWHMs), at least two of which at least partially overlap.

Abstract: An optical construction includes a reflective polarizer and an optically diffusive film disposed on the reflective polarizer. The reflective polarizer includes an outer layer including a plurality of first particles partially protruding from a first major surface thereof to form a structured major surface. A first optically diffusive layer is conformably disposed on the structured major surface. The optically diffusive film includes a second optically diffusive layer including a plurality of nanoparticles dispersed therein, and a structured layer including a structured major surface. For a substantially normally incident light and a visible wavelength range from about 450 nm to about 650 nm and an infrared wavelength range from about 930 nm to about 970 nm, the second optically diffusive layer has an average specular transmittance Vs in the visible wavelength range and an average specular transmittance Is in the infrared wavelength range, where Is/Vs?2.5.

Abstract: Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, and a method of treating hard tissue diseases and disorders are disclosed. The compounds may be a peptide and is structured to bind integrin ?v?3 expressed by osteocytes and by selective binding to the cell surface integrin on hard tissue forming cells regulate three-dimensional bone shape, cartilage formation and repair.

Abstract: An optical construction can include a lens layer including microlenses formed on a substrate and at least one light absorbing optical cavity disposed on a substrate side of the lens layer. Each light absorbing optical cavity has an average thickness of less than about 300 nm and includes an optically transparent middle layer disposed between light absorbing first and second end layers. Each of the first and second end layers, but not the middle layer, defines a plurality of through openings therein aligned in a one-to-one correspondence with the microlenses. The optical construction can include an optically transparent spacer layer disposed between two light absorbing optical cavities. An optical system includes the optical construction and a refractive component including at least one prism film.

Abstract: Compounds and methods in the fields of chemistry and medicine are disclosed. Some of the disclosed embodiments include compounds, compositions and methods of using heterocycle amines. Some of the disclosed embodiments include heterocycle amines useful to treat inflammatory disorders.

Abstract: An optical stack includes stacked first and second light redirecting layers, each light redirecting layer including a plurality of truncated first structures, each truncated first structure with opposing side surfaces making an angle of between about 60 degrees to about 120 degrees with each other and a substantially planar top surface joining the opposing side surfaces, and a plurality of untruncated second structures, each untruncated second structure with opposing side surfaces making an angle of between about 60 degrees to about 120 degrees with each other and meeting at peak, wherein the peaks of the untruncated second structures and the substantially planar top surfaces of the first truncated structures substantially lie in the same plane.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for dynamically allocating total uplink power for a wireless communication device (WCD). A distance between a portion of a user's body (e.g., the user's ear) and the WCD is determined. It is then determined whether this distance is less than or greater than a predetermined threshold. If the distance is less than the predetermined threshold, the WCD may use a lower uplink power. If the distance is greater than the predetermined threshold, the WCD may use a higher uplink power. The WCD then transmits wireless uplink signals using either the lower or higher uplink power based on the distance between the WCD and a portion of the user's body.

Abstract: An optically diffusive film includes an optical substrate layer with opposing first and second major surfaces; and an optical layer disposed on the second major surface of the optical substrate layer and including a structured major surface having a plurality of spaced apart elongated structures elongated along a same first direction and arranged at a substantially uniform density, each elongated structure including a peak such that, in a plane of a cross-section of the elongated structure that is parallel to the first direction and comprises the peak, the elongated structure has a substantially flat top region; wherein for substantially normally incident light and a visible wavelength range and an infrared wavelength range, the optical substrate layer has an average total transmittance or reflectance of greater than about 60% in the visible wavelength range and an average specular transmittance of greater than about 60% in the infrared wavelength range.

Abstract: Optical films and stacks include at least one optically diffusive layer. The optically diffusive layer can include a plurality of nanoparticles and a polymeric material bonding the nanoparticles to each other to form a plurality of nanoparticle aggregates defining a plurality of voids therebetween. For substantially normally incident light and a visible wavelength range from about 450 nm to about 650 nm and an infrared wavelength range from about 930 nm to about 970 nm: in the visible wavelength range, the optical film or optically diffusive layer has an average specular transmittance Vs; and in the infrared wavelength range, the optical film or optically diffusive layer has an average total transmittance It and an average specular transmittance Is, Is/It?0.6, Is/Vs?2.5.

Abstract: A display system for sensing a finger of a user applied to the display system includes a display panel; a sensor for sensing the finger; a sensing light source configured to emit a first light having a first wavelength W1; and a reflective polarizer disposed between the display panel and the sensor. For a substantially normally incident light, an optical transmittance of the reflective polarizer versus wavelength for a first polarization state has a band edge such that for a first wavelength range extending from a smaller wavelength L1 to a greater wavelength L2 and including W1, where 30 mn?L2?L1?50 nm and L1 is greater than and within about 20 nm of a wavelength L3 corresponding to an optical transmittance of about 50% along the band edge, the optical transmittance has an average of greater than about 75%.

Abstract: A recycling optical cavity is defined at least by first and second optical films and is configured to receive a test material therein. The test material is configured to emit at least a second light having a second wavelength when irradiated with a first light having a first wavelength. For at least one of s- and p-polarized incident lights incident in an incident plane, and at the first and second wavelengths: at a first incident angle, the first optical film has respective optical transmittances T11(?1) and T12(?1), and the second optical film has respective optical transmittances T21(?1) and T22(?1), wherein T11(?1)>T12(?1), T21(?1), T22(?1); and at a second incident angle, the first optical film has respective optical transmittances T11(?2) and T12(?2), and the second optical film has respective optical transmittances T21(?2) and T22(?2), wherein T21(?2)>T11(?2), T12(?2), T22(?2).

Abstract: An optical system includes a lens layer including a plurality of microlenses arranged along orthogonal first and second directions, and at least one optically opaque mask layer spaced apart from the lens layer and defining a plurality of through openings therein arranged along the first and second directions. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the microlenses and the openings, such that for each microlens, the microlens and corresponding openings are substantially centered on a straight line making a same oblique angle with the lens layer. An optical layer can include the lens layer and the optically opaque mask layer embedded in the optical layer.

Abstract: An optical system includes an extended illumination source configured to emit light from an extended emission surface thereof and a light redirecting layer disposed on the extended emission surface. The light redirecting layer has a structured major surface that includes a regular array of light redirecting structures, each light redirecting structure including a plurality of facets; and a plurality of discrete spaced apart window segments. The optical system includes a plurality of reflective segments where each reflective segment is disposed on a corresponding window segment. For substantially normally incident light, each reflective segment has a total: average optical reflectance of at least 30% in a visible wavelength range extending from about 420 nm to about 650 nm; and optical transmittance of at least 10% for at least one infrared wavelength in an infrared wavelength range extending from about 800 nm to about 1200 nm.