Patents by Inventor Devendra Sadana

Devendra Sadana has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Patent number: 11955574
    Abstract: A multi-level photovoltaic cell comprises a substrate layer and a plurality of photovoltaic cells positioned above the substrate layer. Each photovoltaic cell has a top contact layer and a bottom contact layer connected in series such that the top contact layer of the first photovoltaic cell is connected to the bottom contact layer of a next photovoltaic cell until the last photovoltaic cell is connected. A different voltage is output between the substrate layer and the top contact layer of each photovoltaic cell. Another multi-level photovoltaic cell comprises a substrate layer and a plurality of photovoltaic cells stacked vertically above the substrate layer. Each photovoltaic cell comprises an active layer separated from the next photovoltaic cell by an etch stop layer until a last photovoltaic cell is reached. A different voltage is output between the substrate layer and the active layer of each photovoltaic cell.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 5, 2017
    Date of Patent: April 9, 2024
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Ghavam G. Shahidi, Chitra K. Subramanian
  • Patent number: 11484731
    Abstract: Technical solutions are described for implementing an optogenetics treatment using a probe and probe controller are described. A probe controller controls a probe to perform the method that includes emitting, by a light source of the probe, the probe is embeddable in a tissue, a light wave to interact with a corresponding chemical in one or more cells in the tissue. The method further includes capturing, by a sensor of the probe, a spectroscopy of the light wave interacting with the corresponding chemical. The method further includes sending, by the probe, the spectroscopy to an analysis system. The method further includes receiving, by the probe, from the analysis system, adjusted parameters for the light source, and adjusting, by a controller of the probe, settings of the light source according to the received adjusted parameters to emit a different light wave to interact with the corresponding chemical.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 9, 2017
    Date of Patent: November 1, 2022
    Assignee: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
    Inventors: Hariklia Deligianni, Ko-Tao Lee, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Roy R. Yu
  • Patent number: 11482573
    Abstract: A photovoltaic device including a photovoltaic cell and method of use is disclosed. The photovoltaic cell includes at least a first photovoltaic layer and a second photovoltaic layer arranged in a stack. The first photovoltaic layer has a first thickness and receives light at its top surface. A second photovoltaic layer has a second thickness and is disposed beneath the first photovoltaic layer and receives light passing through the first photovoltaic layer. The first thickness and the second thickness are selected so that a first light absorption at the first photovoltaic layer is equal to a second light absorption at the second photovoltaic layer. The photovoltaic cell is irradiated at its top surface with monochromatic light to generate a current.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 15, 2017
    Date of Patent: October 25, 2022
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Stephen W. Bedell, Ning Li, Qinglong Li, Kunal Mukherjee, Devendra Sadana, Ghavam G. Shahidi
  • Patent number: 11164992
    Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate and a buffer layer disposed on a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion of the substrate. The semiconductor device further includes a multilayer light-emitting diode (LED) stack disposed on the first portion of the substrate, and an optical sensor disposed on the second portion of the substrate. The semiconductor device further includes at least one electrode disposed on the third portion of the substrate, a first conductor in contact with the multilayer LED stack, and a second conductor in contact with the optical sensor. The at least one electrode, the first conductor, and the second conductor are formed of a glassy carbon material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 13, 2019
    Date of Patent: November 2, 2021
    Assignee: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
    Inventors: Steve Holmes, Devendra Sadana, Stephen W. Bedell, Bruce Doris, Hariklia Deligianni, Jia Chen
  • Patent number: 10971626
    Abstract: Techniques for interface charge reduction to improve performance of SiGe channel devices are provided. In one aspect, a method for reducing interface charge density (Dit) for a SiGe channel material includes: contacting the SiGe channel material with an Si-containing chemical precursor under conditions sufficient to form a thin continuous Si layer, e.g., less than 5 monolayers thick on a surface of the SiGe channel material which is optionally contacted with an n-dopant precursor; and depositing a gate dielectric on the SiGe channel material over the thin continuous Si layer, wherein the thin continuous Si layer by itself or in conjunction with n-dopant precursor passivates an interface between the SiGe channel material and the gate dielectric thereby reducing the Dit. A FET device and method for formation thereof are also provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 3, 2019
    Date of Patent: April 6, 2021
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Devendra Sadana, Dechao Guo, Joel P. de Souza, Ruqiang Bao, Stephen W. Bedell, Shogo Mochizuki, Gen Tsutsui, Hemanth Jagannathan, Marinus Hopstaken
  • Patent number: 10959924
    Abstract: Zinc oxide compositions and methods for applying anti-reflective coating on oxide particles for sunscreen applications are provided herein. A composition includes multiple zinc oxide particles suspended within a medium forming sunscreen composition, and coating materials applied to each of the multiple zinc oxide particles in distinct layers via a gradation based on refractive index, wherein each of the coating materials has a refractive index that is between the refractive index of air and the refractive index of zinc oxide, and wherein the coating materials comprise a combination of (i) silicon dioxide, (ii) magnesium fluoride, (iii) one or more fluoropolymers, (iv) aluminum oxide, (v) zinc sulfide, and (vi) titanium dioxide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 29, 2017
    Date of Patent: March 30, 2021
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Talia S. Gershon, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Teodor K. Todorov
  • Patent number: 10959923
    Abstract: Zinc oxide compositions as well as techniques for plasmonic enhancement of zinc oxide light absorption for sunscreen applications are provided herein. One example method includes selecting one or more metal particles to be used in conjunction with one or more zinc oxide particles in a sunscreen composition, wherein said selecting is based on the plasmon resonance frequency associated with each of the metal particles, and blending the metal particles and the zinc oxide particles within a medium to create the sunscreen composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 7, 2016
    Date of Patent: March 30, 2021
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Talia S. Gershon, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Teodor K. Todorov
  • Patent number: 10952942
    Abstract: Zinc oxide compositions as well as techniques for plasmonic enhancement of zinc oxide light absorption for sunscreen applications are provided herein. One example method includes selecting one or more metal particles to be used in conjunction with one or more zinc oxide particles in a sunscreen composition, wherein said selecting is based on the plasmon resonance frequency associated with each of the metal particles; and coating at least one portion of the surface of each of the one or more zinc oxide particles with the metal particles. Another example method includes selecting one or more metal particles to be used in conjunction with one or more zinc oxide particles in a sunscreen composition, wherein said selecting is based on the plasmon resonance frequency associated with each of the metal particles; and blending the metal particles and the zinc oxide particles within a medium to create the sunscreen composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 29, 2016
    Date of Patent: March 23, 2021
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Talia S. Gershon, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Teodor K. Todorov
  • Patent number: 10940101
    Abstract: Zinc oxide compositions and methods for applying anti-reflective coating on oxide particles for sunscreen applications are provided herein. A composition includes multiple zinc oxide particles suspended within a medium forming sunscreen composition, and two or more coating materials applied to each of the multiple zinc oxide particles in distinct layers via a gradation based on refractive index, wherein each of the coating materials has a refractive index that is between the refractive index of air and the refractive index of zinc oxide, and wherein the two or more coating materials comprise zinc sulfide and titanium dioxide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 29, 2017
    Date of Patent: March 9, 2021
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Talia S. Gershon, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Teodor K. Todorov
  • Patent number: 10925819
    Abstract: Zinc oxide compositions and methods for applying anti-reflective coating on oxide particles for sunscreen applications are provided herein. A composition includes multiple zinc oxide particles suspended within a medium forming sunscreen composition, and two or more coating materials applied to each of the multiple zinc oxide particles in distinct layers via a gradation based on refractive index, wherein each of the coating materials has a refractive index that is between the refractive index of air and the refractive index of zinc oxide, and wherein the two or more coating materials comprise one or more fluoropolymers and aluminum oxide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 29, 2017
    Date of Patent: February 23, 2021
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Talia S. Gershon, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Teodor K. Todorov
  • Patent number: 10835463
    Abstract: Zinc oxide compositions and methods for applying anti-reflective coating on oxide particles for sunscreen applications are provided herein. A composition includes multiple zinc oxide particles suspended within a medium forming sunscreen composition, and two or more coating materials applied to each of the multiple zinc oxide particles in distinct layers via a gradation based on refractive index, wherein each of the coating materials has a refractive index that is between the refractive index of air and the refractive index of zinc oxide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 10, 2017
    Date of Patent: November 17, 2020
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Talia S. Gershon, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Teodor K. Todorov
  • Patent number: 10772808
    Abstract: Zinc oxide compositions and methods for applying anti-reflective coating on oxide particles for sunscreen applications are provided herein. A method includes selecting one or more coating materials to be applied to zinc oxide particles in a sunscreen composition, wherein said selecting is based on optical properties of the coating materials, wherein the optical properties comprises at least the refractive index of each of the coating materials, and applying the selected coating materials to the zinc oxide particles to create the sunscreen composition. A composition includes multiple zinc oxide particles suspended within a medium forming sunscreen composition, and one or more coating materials applied to each of the zinc oxide particles, wherein each of the coating materials has a refractive index that is between the refractive index of air and the refractive index of zinc oxide, and wherein at least one of the coating materials incorporates a textured surface.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 28, 2016
    Date of Patent: September 15, 2020
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Talia S. Gershon, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Teodor K. Todorov
  • Patent number: 10777665
    Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include a semiconductor structure comprising a gate layer with an associated gate dielectric thereon, and a region comprising at least one fin structure in contact with the gate layer, wherein the fin structure includes at least two distinct materials, and wherein one of the two distinct materials is a Zn based material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 16, 2019
    Date of Patent: September 15, 2020
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Yun Seog Lee, Devendra Sadana, Joel P. De Souza, Brent A. Wacaser
  • Patent number: 10777267
    Abstract: A battery article of manufacture comprises a plurality of components operatively associated with one another, the plurality of components comprising an electrode comprised of a material that can take up ions and discharge ions in a charging and discharging process, an electrolyte comprised of the ions, the article of manufacture also including a component comprising at least one barrier positioned between the electrolyte and the electrode, the barrier comprised of a material that substantially prevents the ions from combining with the electrode and having a structure that substantially prevents the ions from combining with the electrode, but allows the ions to travel toward or away from the electrode in the charging or discharging process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 8, 2018
    Date of Patent: September 15, 2020
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Ning Li, Devendra Sadana
  • Patent number: 10758464
    Abstract: Zinc oxide compositions and methods for applying anti-reflective coating on oxide particles for sunscreen applications are provided herein. A method includes selecting one or more coating materials to be applied to zinc oxide particles in a sunscreen composition, wherein selecting is based on optical properties of the coating materials, wherein the optical properties comprises at least the refractive index of each of the coating materials, and applying the selected coating materials to the zinc oxide particles to create the sunscreen composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 28, 2017
    Date of Patent: September 1, 2020
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Talia S. Gershon, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Teodor K. Todorov
  • Patent number: 10751268
    Abstract: Zinc oxide compositions and methods for applying anti-reflective coating on oxide particles for sunscreen applications are provided herein. A method includes selecting two or more coating materials to be applied to zinc oxide particles in a sunscreen composition, wherein selecting is based on optical properties of the coating materials, wherein the optical properties comprises at least the refractive index of each of the coating materials, and applying the selected coating materials to the zinc oxide particles to create the sunscreen composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 28, 2017
    Date of Patent: August 25, 2020
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Talia S. Gershon, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Teodor K. Todorov
  • Patent number: 10682295
    Abstract: Zinc oxide compositions and methods for controlling zinc oxide particle size for sunscreen applications are provided herein. An example composition includes multiple zinc oxide particles, wherein each of the zinc oxide particles is (i) coated with an optical coating material and (ii) of a size that is below a maximum threshold; and a medium layer within which the zinc oxide particles are suspended, wherein the medium layer comprises a mixture of one or more media, and wherein each of the media has a refractive index below a predetermined threshold.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 3, 2017
    Date of Patent: June 16, 2020
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Talia S. Gershon, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Teodor K. Todorov
  • Patent number: 10682294
    Abstract: Zinc oxide compositions and methods for controlling zinc oxide particle size for sunscreen applications are provided herein. A method includes manipulating the size of multiple zinc oxide particles to be below a maximum threshold; selecting one or more media to be used in a sunscreen composition, wherein said selecting is based on the refractive index of each of the media; and integrating the manipulated zinc oxide particles into the selected media to create the sunscreen composition. A composition includes multiple zinc oxide particles, wherein each of the zinc oxide particles is (i) coated with an optical coating material and (ii) of a size that is below a maximum threshold; and a medium layer within which the zinc oxide particles are suspended, wherein the medium layer comprises a mixture of one or more media, and wherein each of the media has a refractive index below a predetermined threshold.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 28, 2016
    Date of Patent: June 16, 2020
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Talia S. Gershon, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Teodor K. Todorov
  • Patent number: 10660834
    Abstract: Shell-structured particles for sunscreen applications are provided herein. A composition includes one or more zinc oxide particles constituting a core material in a sunscreen composition, one or more particles coating the one or more zinc oxide particles, wherein each of the one or more particles comprises a band gap within a predetermined range, and wherein said one or more particles are selected based on a desired absorption spectrum of the sunscreen composition, and an anti-reflective coating applied to the surface of the one or more particles coating the one or more zinc oxide particles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 16, 2017
    Date of Patent: May 26, 2020
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Talia S. Gershon, Yun Seog Lee, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Teodor K. Todorov
  • Patent number: 10660833
    Abstract: Shell-structured particles for sunscreen applications are provided herein. A method includes selecting one or more particles to serve as a core material in a sunscreen composition, wherein each of the one or more particles comprises a band gap within a predetermined range, and wherein said selecting is based on a desired absorption spectrum of the sunscreen composition; coating the one or more particles with at least one layer of zinc oxide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 17, 2017
    Date of Patent: May 26, 2020
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Talia S. Gershon, Yun Seog Lee, Ning Li, Devendra Sadana, Teodor K. Todorov