Abstract: A substrate including plasmonic continuous film with curved surface and a method for manufacturing the same. More particularly, a substrate for an ultrasensitive spectroscopic sensor includes bowl-shaped plasmonic curved nanodimples and spiked plasmonic nanotips formed at contact points between the nanodimples at the same time, thereby greatly increasing the total volume of hotspots and being capable of concentrating and analyzing an extremely small amount of a sample.

Abstract: An example image forming apparatus includes a power device, a photosensitive drum, a transfer device to remove remaining toner based on a cleaning bias voltage, an optical sensor to detect remaining toner, and a processor to adjust the cleaning bias voltage based on a set offset bias voltage. The processor may change a surface potential of the photosensitive drum to a voltage of a set pattern using the power device, acquire a size ratio of a periodic component based on a frequency of a signal detected from the remaining toner using the optical sensor, and, based on the acquired size ratio of the periodic component being greater than or equal to a set size ratio, adjust the cleaning bias voltage based on an offset bias voltage corresponding to the size ratio of the periodic component and provide the adjusted cleaning bias voltage to the transfer device to remove remaining toner.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an air conditioning system and method for disinfection of a public facility. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to an air conditioning system and method for disinfection of a public facility capable of sterilizing or inactivating bio-aerosols existing in interior space by using the air conditioning equipment installed in the public facility structures.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a flexible active species generator comprising: a first electrode of a conductive metal thin film; a second electrode of a ground electrode; a flexible dielectric layer of an insulator formed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a plasma resistant functional layer formed between the dielectric layer and the second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected to an external power supply to generate an atmospheric pressure plasma to generate active species. The flexible active species generator has a plasma resistant function to prevent deformation and decomposition of an insulator caused by the plasma as well as an active species generating function from atmospheric pressure plasma, and has durability and safety, which is thus applicable to articles, foods, garments and human body in various forms.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a plasma generator including a porous ceramic dielectric. More specifically, this disclosure relates to a plasma generator for air purification capable of effectively generating ozone for removing bacteria, viruses, etc., and minimizing pressure loss while increasing air purification capacity by including a porous ceramic dielectric coated with an antibacterial material.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a flexible active species generator comprising: a first electrode of a conductive metal thin film; a second electrode of a ground electrode; a flexible dielectric layer of an insulator formed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a plasma resistant functional layer formed between the dielectric layer and the second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected to an external power supply to generate an atmospheric pressure plasma to generate active species. The flexible active species generator has a plasma resistant function to prevent deformation and decomposition of an insulator caused by the plasma as well as an active species generating function from atmospheric pressure plasma, and has durability and safety, which is thus applicable to articles, foods, garments and human body in various forms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substrate including plasmonic continuous film with curved surface and a method for manufacturing the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a substrate for an ultrasensitive spectroscopic sensor, which includes bowl-shaped plasmonic curved nanodimples and spiked plasmonic nanotips formed at contact points between the nanodimples at the same time, thereby greatly increasing the total volume of hotspots and being capable of concentrating and analyzing an extremely small amount of a sample, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Abstract: A memory system includes a read-only memory (ROM), a main memory and a processor. The ROM stores a basic input/output system (BIOS). The main memory includes a fail address table which stores at least one fail address designating a memory cell row having at least one defective cell. The processor receives fail information of the at least one fail address from the main memory and loads data associated with a booting operation of the memory system in a safe area of the main memory by avoiding a fail area corresponding to the at least one fail address during power-on operation while a power is applied to the memory system. The data associated with the booting operation is stored in a storage device.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of manufacturing a metal wiring buried flexible substrate by using plasma and flexible substrates manufactured by the same. The method includes pre-treating a substrate by irradiating the plasma on the surface of the substrate (Step 1), forming a metal wiring on the pre-treated substrate in Step 1 (Step 2), forming a metal wiring buried polymer layer by coating a curable polymer on the substrate including the metal wiring formed thereon in Step 2 and curing (Step 3), and separating the polymer layer formed in Step 3 from the substrate in Step 1 (Step 4). The metal wiring may be inserted into the flexible substrate, and the resistance of the wiring may be decreased. The metal wiring may be clearly separated from the substrate, and impurities on the substrate surface may be clearly removed. The flexible substrate may be easily separated by applying only physical force.

Abstract: A method of repairing a memory device including a boot memory region, a normal memory region, and a redundant memory region, the redundant memory region including a plurality of repair memory units, includes repairing the boot memory region by performing at least one of excluding first fault memory units of the boot memory region from use as storage and replacing the first fault memory units with boot repair memory units of the repair memory units, each of the first fault memory units having at least one fault memory cell; and after the repairing the boot memory region, repairing the normal memory region by performing at least one of excluding second fault memory units from use as storage and replacing the second fault memory units with normal repair memory units of the repair memory units.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of manufacturing a metal wiring buried flexible substrate and a flexible substrate manufactured by the same. The method includes coating a sacrificial layer including a polymer soluble in water or an organic solvent, or a photodegradable polymer on a substrate (Step 1), forming a metal wiring on the sacrificial layer in Step 1 (Step 2), forming a metal wiring buried polymer layer by coating a curable polymer on the sacrificial layer including the metal wiring formed thereon in Step 2 and curing (Step 3) and separating the polymer layer in Step 3 from the substrate in Step 1 by removing through dissolving in the water or the organic solvent or photodegrading only the sacrificial layer present between the substrate in Step 1 and the polymer layer in Step 3 (Step 4).

Abstract: In one aspect, data is stored in a solid state memory which includes first and second memory layers. A first assessment is executed to determine whether received data is hot data or cold data. Received data which is assessed as hot data during the first assessment is stored in the first memory layer, and received data which is first assessed as cold data during the first assessment is stored in the second memory layer. Further, a second assessment is executed to determine whether the data stored in the first memory layer is hot data or cold data. Data which is then assessed as cold data during the second assessment is migrated from the first memory layer to the second memory layer.

Abstract: In one aspect, data is stored in a solid state memory which includes first and second memory layers. A first assessment is executed to determine whether received data is hot data or cold data. Received data which is assessed as hot data during the first assessment is stored in the first memory layer, and received data which is first assessed as cold data during the first assessment is stored in the second memory layer. Further, a second assessment is executed to determine whether the data stored in the first memory layer is hot data or cold data. Data which is then assessed as cold data during the second assessment is migrated from the first memory layer to the second memory layer.