Abstract: Provided is a display device comprising a substrate; a plurality of transistors disposed on the substrate; a first pixel electrode, a second pixel electrode, and a third pixel electrode respectively connected to the transistors; a first emission layer disposed to overlap the first pixel electrode, a second emission layer disposed to overlap the second pixel electrode, and a third emission layer disposed to overlap the third pixel electrode; and a common electrode disposed on the first emission layer, the second emission layer, and the third emission layer, wherein the first pixel electrode includes a first layer, and a second layer disposed on the first layer and including a Ga-doped ITO.

Abstract: A memory system includes a storage device including a turbo write buffer and a user storage area implemented with a nonvolatile memory, and a host configured to transfer a read request to the storage device. In response to the read request, the storage device transfers read data and read data information including attributes of the read data to the host.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel electrode in a light emission area, a pixel defining layer which is on the pixel electrode and defines the light emission area, a light emitting layer and a common electrode on the pixel electrode, a bank on the pixel defining layer, the bank including a first bank layer defining a lower portion of a bank opening corresponding to the light emission area and a second bank layer which defines an upper portion of the bank opening and a tip of the bank, the tip including upper and lower surfaces of the second bank layer, a lower inorganic encapsulation layer which is on the bank and includes an inorganic pattern on the common electrode and facing and spaced apart from both the upper and lower surfaces of the tip, and an auxiliary pattern between the lower surface of the tip and the inorganic pattern.

Abstract: Disclosed is a single process for producing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon from methane by forming gas products comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and solid products comprising carbon and an iron-based catalyst from methane in a methane-containing feedstock through pyrolysis route involving auto-thermal reduction in a rotary kiln-type reactor in the presence of an iron-based catalyst and separating and recovering respective products.

Abstract: A method of operating a storage device includes receiving, at the storage device, a meta information transfer command based on a data read request. The meta information transfer command is received from a host device. The method further includes receiving, at the storage device, a data read command corresponding to the data read request and the meta information transfer command. The data read command is received from the host device. The method further includes receiving, at the storage device, a plurality of meta data corresponding to the data read request and the meta information transfer command. The plurality of meta data is received from the host device. The method further includes performing a data read operation, at the storage device, based on the data read command and the plurality of meta data.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are operation methods of a memory controller which controls a memory device. The method includes storing write data in a first area of the memory device, extracting first error position information indicating a position of at least one error included in data stored in the first area, storing the first error position information in a second area of the memory device, reading read data from the first area of the memory device, reading the first error position information from the second area of the memory device, refining the read data based on the first error position information to generate refined data, performing soft decision decoding based on the refined data to generate corrected data, and outputting the corrected data.

Abstract: A method for restoring data and a non-volatile memory performing the restore operation are disclosed. If a restore command is applied, an internal read command is generated to sequentially designate the addresses. A read operation is performed on the designated address, and the number of error bits in a code word is compared with a reference number of error bits. Depending on the result of the comparison, an update or restore operation on a corrected code word for the designated address is selectively performed.

Abstract: A present disclosure provides a method for removing impurities and recovering a high-concentration lithium aqueous solution from a waste battery material and a waste cathode active materials which can separate valuable metals including nickel and cobalt in a solid state separately and manufacture them into the high-concentration lithium aqueous solution in the process of recovering lithium contained in the waste battery material and the waste cathode active materials

Abstract: An image sensor includes different first and second focus pixels in a substrate; a first adjacent pixel in the substrate and adjacent to the first focus pixel in a positive first direction, a pixel being absent between the first focus pixel and the first adjacent pixel; a first micro-lens covering the first adjacent pixel; a second adjacent pixel in the substrate and adjacent to the second focus pixel in a positive first direction, a pixel being absent between the second focus pixel and the second adjacent pixel; and a second micro-lens covering the second adjacent pixel, and an area of the first micro-lens being different from an area of the second micro-lens.

Abstract: A display device that includes a first pixel electrode disposed on a substrate; a pixel defining layer disposed on the substrate and exposing the first pixel electrode; a first light emitting layer disposed on the first pixel electrode; a first common electrode disposed on the first light emitting layer; a first bank layer disposed on the pixel defining layer; a second bank layer disposed on the first bank layer and including a side surface protruding from a side surface of the first bank layer; and a third bank layer disposed on the second bank layer and including a side surface protruding from the side surface of the first bank layer, wherein the second bank layer and the third bank layer each include a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), and the second bank layer further includes zinc (Zn).

Abstract: Disclosed are a compound for an organic optoelectronic device represented by Chemical Formula 1, a composition for an organic optoelectronic device including the same, an organic optoelectronic device, and a display device. Details for Chemical Formula 1 are the same as described in the specification.

Abstract: A present disclosure provides a method for recovering a valuable metal from a waste battery material and a waste cathode active materials which can reduce wastewater and the cost of processing wastewater by replacing a first aqueous lithium solution including an alkaline substance produced in the process of recovering a valuable metal from a waste battery material and a waste cathode active materials by a pH adjuster.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a substrate including a first surface on which light is incident and a second surface opposite to the first surface, unit pixels in the substrate, each including a photoelectric conversion layer, color filters on the first surface of the substrate, a grid pattern on the first surface of the substrate defining a respective light receiving area of each of the unit pixels, and microlenses on the color filters, each of the microlenses corresponding to a respective one of the unit pixels, wherein the unit pixels include a first pixel and a second pixel sharing a first color filter which is one of the color filters, and a first light receiving area of the first pixel is different from a second light receiving area of the second pixel.

Abstract: A storage device includes a nonvolatile memory device including a plurality of first memory cells coupled to a first wordline and a plurality of second memory cells coupled to a second wordline, the first wordline and the second wordline being adjacent to each other, and a storage controller configured to control the nonvolatile memory device. The storage controller is further configured to encode data to be programmed into the plurality of second memory cells, based on a program state of each of the plurality of first memory cells, and encode the data to be programmed into the second wordline such that a first portion of the data to be written into a first portion of the plurality of second memory cells satisfies a first condition, and a second portion of the data to be written into a second portion of the plurality of second memory cells satisfies a second condition.

Abstract: A conductive pattern is disclosed that includes a conductive layer including aluminum, a first capping layer disposed on the conductive layer and including titanium, and a second capping layer disposed on the first capping layer and including titanium nitride. A mixed region in which the aluminum and the titanium are mixed with each other is disposed in at least portions of the conductive layer and the first capping layer.

Abstract: According to the present disclosure, pure metal hydrate without chemicals is prepared and is used as a mineral fertilizer to germinate and grow seeds to improve the growth rate of plant sprouts and provide excellent human affinity and absorption rate and abundant amino acids, mineral nutrients, and antioxidants in grown plant sprouts so that it has the advantage of being able to be used as a vegetable raw material for cosmetics, health foods, hangover relievers, etc.

Abstract: A display device includes a first pixel electrode disposed on a substrate and including a main portion and an edge portion, a pixel defining film disposed on the substrate, including a body portion and a protrusion portion, and exposing the first pixel electrode, a first light-emitting layer on the first pixel electrode, a first common electrode on the first light-emitting layer, a first bank layer on the pixel defining film, and a second bank layer disposed on the first bank layer and including a side surface protruding further than a side surface of the first bank layer. A thickness of the edge portion of the first pixel electrode is greater than a thickness of the main portion of the first pixel electrode, and a width of the protrusion portion of the pixel defining film is greater than a width of the edge portion of the first pixel electrode.

Abstract: A display device includes: a first pixel electrode disposed on a substrate, a sacrificial pattern disposed on an edge of the first pixel electrode, a pixel defining film including a body portion disposed on the substrate and a protrusion portion disposed on the sacrificial pattern and exposing the first pixel electrode, a first light emitting layer disposed on the first pixel electrode, a first common electrode disposed on the first light emitting layer, a first bank layer disposed on the pixel defining film, and a second bank layer disposed on the first bank layer and having a side surface protruding more than a side surface of the first bank layer. A first side surface of the sacrificial pattern is aligned with a side surface of the protrusion portion of the pixel defining film or protrudes more than the side surface of the protrusion portion of the pixel defining film.

Abstract: Provided is a display device including a display panel configured to include a plurality of pixels positioned on a first substrate and a plurality of scan lines positioned along a first direction; and a plurality of shift registers configured to receive a plurality of clock signals and a start signal, to generate a plurality of scan signals, and to transfer the scan signals to the scan lines, wherein a first shift register among the shift registers is positioned on a second substrate, and is connected to an adjacent second shift register positioned on the first substrate among the shift registers and a corresponding scan line through a contact hole formed in the second substrate.

Abstract: An image sensor that provides a uniform sensitivity for pixels having color filters of the same color to increase the image quality is provided. The image sensor includes a substrate, a first grid pattern disposed on the substrate and including a first side wall and a second side wall opposite to the first side wall, a first pixel including a first photoelectric conversion element and a first color filter, and a second pixel including a second photoelectric conversion element and a second color filter. The first color filter contacts the first side wall and the second color filter contacts the second side wall. The first color filter and the second color filter are color filters of same color, and a first thickness of the first color filter is greater than a second thickness of the second color filter.