Abstract: The present invention relates to a control method of a refrigerator which operates a cooling cycle including two storage compartments, a compressor, a condenser, a valve, fans, and evaporators for cooling the respective storage compartments, with one of the fans (5) corresponding to the storage compartment for storing items at relatively low temperatures being activated for a set amount of time even after the compressor is deactivated at the completion of cooling of the storage compartment for storing items at relatively low temperatures.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus of decoding a video signal are provided. The present invention includes the steps of parsing first coding information indicating whether a residual data of an image block in the enhanced layer is predicted from a corresponding block in the base layer, from the bitstream of the enhanced layer, and decoding the video signal based on the first coding information. And, the step of parsing includes the step of performing modeling the first coding information based on second coding information indicating whether prediction information of the corresponding block in the base layer is used to decode the image block in the enhanced layer. Accordingly, the present invention raises efficiency of video signal processing by enabling a decoder to derive information on a prediction mode of a current block in a decoder instead of transferring the information to the decoder.

Abstract: A method for efficiently decoding a video signal is disclosed. The method for decoding a video signal based on fine granularity scalability (FGS) includes acquiring picture identification information indicating a reference picture of a current block, and decoding the current block using the reference picture. A base layer reference picture and an enhanced layer reference picture corresponding thereto have the same picture identification information. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize a problem caused in a procedure for decoding a video signal due to transmission error.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of encoding video signals. The method includes creating a bit stream of a first layer by encoding the video signals, and creating a bit stream of a second layer by encoding the video signals based on the first layer. When residual data, corresponding to an image difference, within the first layer, is up-sampled and used for the encoding of the second layer, the residual data is up-sampled for each block that is predicted based on motion compensation.

Abstract: A method for decoding/encoding a video signal using an inter-layer prediction process is disclosed. The method for decoding a video signal including several layer information includes: a) acquiring a first prediction signal for a current block of an enhancement layer and a residual signal based on at least a base layer block; b) smoothing the sum of the first prediction signal and the residual signal, and generating a second prediction signal for the current block; and c) reconstructing the current block based on the second prediction signal, wherein the step a) for generating the first prediction signal is based on prediction mode information of at least the current block. Therefore, the method for decoding/encoding a video signal uses a variety of inter layer prediction methods according to the macroblock types of macroblocks of the current and base layers, and removes inter layer redundancy, resulting in increased coding efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel uses of indole-3-alkylcarboxylic acid and derivatives thereof as a photosensitizer for the treatment of acne or for the inhibition of sebum secretion. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy, a photodynamic therapy kit and photodynamic therapeutic composition comprising thereof, which contain indole-3-alkylcarboxylic acid being activated by light. The light which activates indole-3-alkylcarboxylic acid of the present invention may be ultraviolet rays or visible lights, preferably blue light or green light.

Abstract: A method for efficiently decoding a video signal is disclosed. The method for decoding a video signal based on fine granularity scalability (FGS) includes obtaining a first reference picture from a reference picture list, decoding a current block using the first reference picture, wherein the first reference picture and a second reference picture corresponding thereto have the same picture identification information and are distinguished from each other by another identification information. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize a problem caused in a procedure for decoding a video signal due to transmission error.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a pad nitride layer that exposes an isolation region over a cell region of a semiconductor substrate; forming a trench in the isolation region of the semiconductor substrate; forming an isolation layer within the trench; etching an active region of the semiconductor substrate by a certain depth to form a recessed isolation region; etching the isolation layer by a certain depth to form a recessed isolation region; depositing a gate metal layer in the recessed active region and the recessed isolation region to form a gate of a cell transistor; forming an insulation layer over an upper portion of the gate; removing the pad nitride layer to expose a region of the semiconductor substrate to be formed with a contact plug; and depositing a conductive layer in the region of the semiconductor substrate to form a contact plug.

Abstract: A method for forming fine patterns in a semiconductor device includes forming a first mask layer over an etch target layer, forming a first pattern over the first mask layer, reducing a size of the first pattern, forming a first spacer on a side face of the first pattern, removing the first pattern and patterning the first mask layer using the first spacer as a mask and removing the first spacer. The method also includes oxidating a surface of the patterned first mask layer, forming the first mask layer with reduced size by removing the oxidated portion over the surface of the first mask layer, forming a second spacer on a side wall of the first mask layer and removing the first mask layer, and patterning the etch target layer using the second spacer as a mask.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device having a recess channel includes forming an isolation layer that delimits an active region over a semiconductor substrate; exposing a region to be formed with a bulb recess trench over the semiconductor substrate; forming an upper trench by etching the exposed portion of the semiconductor substrate; forming, on a side wall of the upper trench, a silicon nitride barrier layer that exposes a bottom face of the upper trench but blocks a side wall of the upper trench; forming a lower trench of a bulb type by etching the exposed bottom face of the upper trench using the etch barrier layer as an etch mask, to form the bulb recess trench including the upper trench and the lower trench; forming a fin-structured bottom protrusion part including an upper face and a side face by etching the isolation layer so that the isolation layer has a surface lower than the bottom face of the lower trench; and forming a gate stack overlapped with the bulb recess trench and the bottom

Abstract: A method for efficiently decoding a video signal is disclosed. The method for decoding a video signal based on fine granularity scalability (FGS) includes acquiring picture identification information indicating a reference picture of a current block, and decoding the current block using the reference picture. A base layer reference picture and an enhanced layer reference picture corresponding thereto have the same picture identification information. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize a problem caused in a procedure for decoding a video signal due to transmission error.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for partial ion implantation, which desirably provide control over the energy of the implanted dopants, generally includes an ion beam generator, and first and second deceleration units. The first deceleration unit decelerates the energy of an ion beam generated by the ion beam generator; and a subsequent, second deceleration unit further decelerates the energy into different energy levels according to regions of a wafer into which the ions are to be implanted.

Abstract: This invention provides a thermally curable resin copolymer (A), composed mainly of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (a-1), which produces an acid via decomposition at 150° C. or more, an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (a-2) containing an epoxy group copolymerizable with the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (a-1), and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (a-3) having a reactive silyl group; a thermally curable resin composition including the thermally curable resin copolymer; a cured film formed from the composition; and a liquid crystal display including the cured film. The thermally curable resin composition has extended storage stability and can be formed into the cured film having good adhesion to a substrate.

Abstract: A method for context modeling of coding information of a video signal for compressing or decompressing the coding information is provided. An initial value of a function for probability coding of coding information of a video signal of an enhanced layer is determined based on coding information of a corresponding video signal of a base layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a step-type recess pattern formed in a substrate, a gate electrode buried in the recess pattern and having a gap disposed between the gate electrode and upper sidewalls of the recess pattern, an insulation layer filling the gap, and a source and drain region formed in a portion of the substrate at two sides of the recess pattern. The semiconductor device is able to secure a required data retention time by suppressing the increase of leakage current caused by the reduction of a design rule.

Abstract: A method for efficiently decoding a video signal is disclosed. The method for decoding a video signal based on fine granularity scalability (FGS) includes acquiring picture identification information indicating a reference picture of a current block, and decoding the current block using the reference picture. A base layer reference picture and an enhanced layer reference picture corresponding thereto have the same picture identification information. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize a problem caused in a procedure for decoding a video signal due to transmission error.

Abstract: A method for efficiently decoding a video signal is disclosed. The method for decoding a video signal based on fine granularity scalability (FGS) includes obtaining a first reference picture from a reference picture list, decoding a current block using the first reference picture, wherein the first reference picture and a second reference picture corresponding thereto have the same picture identification information and are distinguished from each other by another identification information. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize a problem caused in a procedure for decoding a video signal due to transmission error.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lifesaving parachute, for moving people in danger to the ground safely in the case of accidents causing the loss of lives, such as fire of a high-storied building, earthquake and the like, which includes a main body having straps for a user to wear the parachute, stick elements formed of a unit length and fixed to the main body along a periphery thereof, elastic elements connected to connection elements of the stick elements for applying elastic force to the stick elements in a spreading direction of the stick elements, and an empty receiving case having an opened lower part for receiving the main body as folded.

Abstract: A method for decoding/encoding a video signal using an inter layer prediction process is disclosed. The method for decoding a video signal including several layer information includes: a) acquiring a first prediction signal for a current block of an enhancement layer and a residual signal based on at least a base layer block; b) smoothing the sum of the first prediction signal and the residual signal, and generating a second prediction signal for the current block; and c) reconstructing the current block based on the second prediction signal. Therefore, the method for decoding/encoding a video signal uses a variety of inter layer prediction methods according to the macroblock type of macroblocks of the current and base layers, and removes inter layer redundancy, resulting in increased coding efficiency.