Abstract: A method of preparing a secondary battery including pre-lithiating an electrode assembly including an electrode structure including a plurality of electrodes and a plurality of separators, and a metal substrate. The plurality of electrodes and the plurality of separators are alternatingly stacked. The pre-lithiating includes supplying lithium ions from one of the plurality of positive electrodes to one of the plurality of negative electrodes up to a state of charge (SOC) of A % by electrically connecting one of the plurality of positive electrodes and one of the plurality of negative electrodes and applying a first current, supplying lithium ions from the metal substrate to the positive electrodes up to B % of capacity of the positive electrodes by electrically connecting the metal substrate and the positive electrodes and applying a second current, after applying the first current, and resting the electrode assembly, after applying the second current.

Abstract: A display device and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. A light-emitting element includes semiconductor layers including a first semiconductor layer, an active layer, a second semiconductor layer, and a third semiconductor layer, and defining at least one concave groove that is concave downwardly from one surface of the first semiconductor layer, a first protective layer on side surfaces of the semiconductor layers, on a top surface of the first semiconductor layer, and on inner surfaces of the semiconductor layers and on the third semiconductor layer in the concave groove, and a wavelength conversion layer containing wavelength conversion particles in the concave groove.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are provided for a displaying a route in a first electronic device. A first message is received from a second electronic device. First position information included in the first message is identified. The first position information includes position information of the second electronic device. A user input for selecting the first message from a plurality of messages is received. Position information of the first electronic device is calculated. Route information between a start position and a destination position is received from a navigation server. The start position corresponds to the position information of the first electronic device and the destination position corresponds to the position information of the second electronic device. Based at least on receiving the route information from the navigation server, a route representing the received route information between the start position and the destination position is displayed on the first electronic device.

Abstract: An information provision device comprising: a processor; and a memory operatively coupled to the processor, wherein the memory stores instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to: receive user query data; classify a type of the user query data by using a first language model; generate, based on the classified type, a target prompt being one of a first prompt requesting conversion of the user query data into structured data and a second prompt requesting identification of information related to the user query data based on context data; and provide response data corresponding to the user query data by using the target prompt and a second language model.

Abstract: A groove forming apparatus includes a laser light source configured to emit a laser beam, a multi-beam generator configured to split the laser beam into a plurality of sub-laser beams, a focusing lens unit configured to focus the plurality of sub-laser beams on a processing object, a first telecentric lens provided between the multi-beam generator and the focusing lens unit, and a second telecentric lens provided between the first telecentric lens and the focusing lens unit.

Abstract: A system, apparatus and method or controlling an autonomous network communication process includes initiating an automatic algorithm for an interactive communication session with a network node for secure communication with a human user, receiving from the network node a dynamic content including a request for input of information, extracting context information indicating a process for receiving the information needed for continuing the communication session, automatically executing the process for receiving the information, and providing to the network node the information for continuing the secure communication session.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a display device includes: grouping light emitting elements formed on a first substrate based on a light emission characteristic; and transferring the light emitting elements onto a second substrate such that the light emitting elements grouped as the same group are located adjacent to each other.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a wireless charger for a vehicle includes a communication device to receive an input from a user and information on the vehicle, and a controller to employ one of a first driving duty ratio of a cooling fan set based on the information on the vehicle, a second driving duty ratio of the cooling fan set based on the input from the user, or a third driving duty ratio of the cooling fan set through auto-tuning operation to operate the cooling fan, to enhance charging performance of the wireless charger while minimizing the feeling of the user bothered due to operating noise of a cooling fan.

Abstract: The invention provides novel linkers, linker conjugates, and drug conjugates thereof, as well as methods of preparation and use thereof for treating various diseases and conditions.

Abstract: A display device according to one or more embodiments includes a first substrate including emission areas, and a non-emission area between the emission areas, light-emitting elements above the first substrate and respectively in the emission areas, a second substrate above the first substrate, and defining grooves corresponding to the emission areas on a surface facing the first substrate, light conversion layers in the grooves above the light-emitting elements, and reflective layers on sidewalls of the grooves, and surrounding the light conversion layers in plan view.

Abstract: An on-board charger for an electric vehicle includes a vehicle port configured to be connected to an external charger comprising a first relay located on an internal first power supply path, a power converter, a second relay located on a second power supply path between the vehicle port and the power converter, and a controller configured to turn off the first relay and the second relay in response to triggering a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) protection operation based on power-related parameters.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a GCL of an Ethernet switch and a method thereof are provided. A controller area network (CAN) message is transformed to an Ethernet frame, a queue corresponding to a transmission type of the CAN message is determined, and a time to open or close a transmission gate of the queue is updated over a gate control list (GCL), thereby effectively scheduling (lowering the complexity of scheduling) a plurality of CAN messages transmitted to the Ethernet, and improving transmission reliability of the CAN message.

Abstract: The invention provides novel auristatin analogs and immunoconjugates thereof, as well as pharmaceutical compositions and methods of preparation and use for treating various diseases and disorders (e.g., cancer).

Abstract: A method of preparing a secondary battery which includes pre-lithiating an electrode assembly which includes an electrode structure including a plurality of electrodes and a plurality of separators, and a metal substrate. The plurality of electrodes and the plurality of separators are alternatingly stacked. The metal substrate is present on an outermost surface of the electrode structure in a direction in which the electrode and the separator are stacked. Each positive electrode and negative electrode are spaced apart from each other with one separator of the plurality of separators disposed therebetween. The pre-lithiating includes applying a first current by electrically connecting one of the plurality of positive electrodes and one of the plurality of negative electrodes, and applying a second current by electrically connecting the metal substrate and one of the plurality of positive electrodes, after applying the first current.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides an inkjet head including: a head body having a storage chamber capable of storing ink; a first inlet pipe and a second inlet pipe connected to the head body and which extend in first different directions and inject the ink in the first different directions; a first outlet pipe and a second outlet pipe connected to the head body and which extend in second different directions and eject the ink in the second different directions; and a nozzle plate positioned under the head body and which includes a plurality of nozzles.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to techniques for diagnosing a relay in a vehicle on-board charger (OBC), and an apparatus for diagnosing a relay in a vehicle OBC according to an exemplary embodiment may include first to third voltage sensors configured to measure phase-specific voltages for AC inputs to the relay circuit unit, fourth and fifth voltage sensors configured to measure line voltages for AC outputs from the relay circuit unit, and a diagnosis module configured to diagnose the relay circuit unit, based on the phase-specific voltages measured by the first to third voltage sensors and based on the line voltages measured by the fourth and fifth voltage sensors.

Abstract: A battery charging device includes: a bidirectional charger having a charge and discharge port and a discharge port and connected to a battery, wherein the bidirectional charger includes a power factor correction circuit having first, second, and third legs; and a controller. The controller is configured to switch the first and third legs so that the bidirectional charger outputs a power of the battery to the charge and discharge port when a first battery discharge mode is performed, and to switch the second and third legs so that the bidirectional charger outputs the power of the battery to the discharge port when a second battery discharge mode is performed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a long range wireless charging system for vehicle, and may include a wireless charging module including a power transmitting unit installed on one side of a vehicle body which transmits a wireless power signal and a seat power receiving unit installed on one side of a seat, which receives the wireless power signal from the power transmitting unit.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate. A pixel electrode is disposed on the substrate. The pixel electrode has one or more grooves defined therein. Light emitting elements are respectively disposed in the one or more grooves.

Abstract: A vehicle battery charging system includes a main battery, an auxiliary battery, an integrated converter that includes a high voltage charging device that supplies power to the main battery and a low voltage charging device that supplies power to the auxiliary battery, a solar cell that converts sunlight into electrical energy, a solar cell converter that converts an output of the solar cell into a voltage corresponding to a voltage of the auxiliary battery and outputs the converted voltage to the auxiliary battery, and a switching device that switches between the integrated converter and external power and the integrated converter and the solar cell, wherein the switching device connects the integrated converter and the solar cell in a solar cell only charging mode in which the auxiliary battery is charged by the solar cell.