Abstract: A first memory unit includes a first bipolar-variable-resistance and a first control transistor. This first memory unit is configured to provide a function of a flash memory with first bipolar-variable-resistance transistor serving as a storage. In addition, a second bipolar-variable-resistance transistor and a second control transistor with the same structure as first memory unit can be used to serve as a second memory unit. An isolation transistor is connected between the first memory unit and the second memory unit. The isolation transistor can electrically isolate the first memory unit and the second memory unit from each other, thereby preventing sneak current from flowing between arrays among memory circuits.

Abstract: A character-shaped porous mitt for housing and dispensing soap comprised of an outer body formed from terry cloth or similar material and a sponge-like material lining an interior cavity containing a soap pocket in which to hold bar or liquid soap that is fastened using a hook-and-loop fastener. An area at the mouth, the body or the rear of the mitt through which the bar of soap or the liquid soap can be received and housed until the soap mixes with water to produce a rich lather with which to cleanse a user's body. Finger pockets or loops are configured to receive the fingers of a user to allow the user to securely hold the mitt, even in the presence of rich lather. A rough-textured portion of the outer body provides added friction between the outer body and skin of a user to allow the user to scrub or exfoliate his or her skin.

Abstract: Structures and formation methods of a semiconductor device structure are provided. The semiconductor device structure includes a source structure at least partially in a semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor device structure also includes a channel structure over the semiconductor substrate. The source structure is partially covered by the channel structure. The semiconductor device structure further includes a drain structure covering the channel structure. The drain structure and the source structure have different conductivity types. A portion of the channel structure is sandwiched between the source structure and the drain structure. In addition, the semiconductor device structure includes a gate stack partially covering the channel structure.

Abstract: Structures and formation methods of a semiconductor device structure are provided. The semiconductor device structure includes a source structure at least partially in a semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor device structure also includes a channel structure over the semiconductor substrate. The source structure is partially covered by the channel structure. The semiconductor device structure further includes a drain structure covering the channel structure. The drain structure and the source structure have different conductivity types. A portion of the channel structure is sandwiched between the source structure and the drain structure. In addition, the semiconductor device structure includes a gate stack partially covering the channel structure.

Abstract: A character-shaped porous mitt for housing and dispensing soap comprised of an outer body formed from terry cloth or similar material and a sponge-like material lining an interior cavity containing a soap pocket in which to hold bar or liquid soap that is fastened using a hook-and-loop fastener. An area at the mouth, the body or the rear of the mitt through which the bar of soap or the liquid soap can be received and housed until the soap mixes with water to produce a rich lather with which to cleanse a user's body. Finger pockets or loops are configured to receive the fingers of a user to allow the user to securely hold the mitt, even in the presence of rich lather. A rough-textured portion of the outer body provides added friction between the outer body and skin of a user to allow the user to scrub or exfoliate his or her skin.

Abstract: The invention is directed to synthesizing a personalized audio equalization filter based on an individual's hearing profile when listening to audio signals using a preferred electronic means of transduction and production of the audio signals through headphones, earphones, or loudspeakers and is presented in two steps. In the first step, the deviation of the listener's hearing profile, when the preferred listening device is donned, is measured and recorded relative to predetermined equal-loudness contours (e.g., ISO standard equal-loudness contours). The hearing profile is used to compute an equalization filter such that when the audio signal to be reproduced is played through the filter, the equal-loudness contour for a specified phon level is restored. Thus, the invention compensates for deviations of the user's listening device, the user's own hearing profile from a standard hearing profile that represents natural hearing, and other factors.

Abstract: Structures and formation methods of a semiconductor device structure are provided. The semiconductor device structure includes a source structure in a semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor device structure also includes a channel layer over the semiconductor substrate. A first portion of the channel layer covers a portion of the source structure. A second portion of the channel layer laterally extends away from the source structure. The semiconductor device structure further includes a drain structure over the semiconductor substrate. The drain structure and the source structure have different conductivity types. The drain structure adjoins the second portion of the channel layer.

Abstract: This disclosure proposed one kind of one-time programming and repeatably random read integrated circuit memory. The storage device of this memory programs the information by using dielectric-fuse mechanism. The main characteristics of dielectric fuse mechanisms is that by applying an electric field on the dielectrics, the ions or atoms in the dielectrics are drifted-out, or the dielectrics are burned-out, that create damage of the dielectric structure in a form of porosity, and the conductivity (resistivity) of tunneling current through the dielectrics changes the state from high conductivity (resistivity) to low conductivity (resistivity). The dielectric fuse mechanism has been integrated in VLSI circuits, completed the validation, and implemented by the fabrication of CMOS process.

Abstract: A high density NAND-type nonvolatile resistance random access storage circuit and its operations are shown herein . A unit memory cell of the circuit includes a field effect transistor (FET) with a resistance changeable component connected to its gate electrode. The field effect transistor is an n-channel field effect transistor or a p-channel field effect transistor. By applying the voltage or current between the top electrode of the resistive random access component and the FET drain or source electrode, more than two stable states can be maintained such that these states can be drawn from the FET drain or source terminal. The NAND circuit includes the above unit cell as a center to form a multi-bit memory. The circuit consists of multi-bit memories connected in series, has a NAND logic gate function, and forms output of this NAND circuit which can be drawn in a form of series output.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a tunneling field effect transistor having an overlapping structure between the source and drain regions providing a greater tunneling area. The source or drain region may be a doped region in a semi-conductive substrate. The other source or drain region may be formed by epitaxial deposition over the doped region. The gate is formed over the epitaxial region where the doped and epitaxial regions overlap. The doped region may be formed in a fin structure with the epitaxial region and gate being formed on the top and sides of the fin.

Abstract: A character-shaped porous mitt for housing and dispensing soap comprised of an outer body formed from terry cloth or similar material and a sponge-like material lining an interior cavity containing a soap pocket in which to hold bar or liquid soap that is fastened using a hook-and-loop fastener. An area at the mouth, the body or the rear of the mitt through which the bar of soap or the liquid soap can be received and housed until the soap mixes with water to produce a rich lather with which to cleanse a user's body. Finger pockets or loops are configured to receive the fingers of a user to allow the user to securely hold the mitt, even in the presence of rich lather. A rough-textured portion of the outer body provides added friction between the outer body and skin of a user to allow the user to scrub or exfoliate his or her skin.

Abstract: A memory cell and the associated array circuits are disclosed. The memory array circuit includes a plurality of memory units, in which each of the memory units includes a storage device and a field-effect transistor. The storage device includes a top electrode, a bottom electrode and an oxide-based dielectric layer. The top electrode is formed by metal or metallic oxide dielectrics and connected to a word line. The bottom electrode is formed by metal, and the oxide-based dielectric layer is placed between the top electrode and the bottom electrode. The field-effect transistor includes a gate terminal connected to the bottom electrode, a source terminal connected to a ground line, and a drain terminal connected to a bit line. The resistance of the storage device is configured to be adjusted according to a first voltage applied to the word line and a second voltage applied to the bit line.

Abstract: A high density NAND-type nonvolatile resistance random access storage circuit and its operations are disclosed herein. A unit memory cell of the circuit includes a field effect transistor (FET) with a resistance changeable component connected to its gate electrode. The field effect transistor is an n-channel field effect transistor or a p-channel field effect transistor. By applying the voltage or current between the top electrode of the resistive random access component and the FET drain or source electrode, more than two stable states can be maintained such that these states can be drawn from the FET drain or source electrode. The NAND circuit includes the above unit cell as a center to form a multi-bit memory. The circuit consists of multi-bit memories connected in series, has a NAND logic gate function, and forms output of this NAND circuit which can be drawn in a form of series output.

Abstract: A memory cell and the associated array circuits are disclosed. The memory array circuit includes a plurality of memory units, in which each of the memory units includes a storage device and a field-effect transistor. The storage device includes a top electrode, a bottom electrode and an oxide-based dielectric layer. The top electrode is formed by metal or metallic oxide dielectrics and connected to a word line. The bottom electrode is formed by metal, and the oxide-based dielectric layer is placed between the top electrode and the bottom electrode. The field-effect transistor includes a gate terminal connected to the bottom electrode, a source terminal connected to a ground line, and a drain terminal connected to a bit line. The resistance of the storage device is configured to be adjusted according to a first voltage applied to the word line and a second voltage applied to the bit line.

Abstract: A ranging system includes at least one beacon and a control module. The at least one beacon is configured to scan each segment in a plurality of segments of an arc with a narrow radio frequency (RF) beam and receive a response signal from an end user node in at least one segment. Each segment of the arc is scanned at a specified time interval. The control module is configured to communicate with the at least one beacon. The control module is further configured to calculate at least one of an angle-of-arrival (AOA) and a time-of-flight (TOF) of a response signal from the end user node to the beacon and generate an end user node location relative to a beacon location.

Abstract: A character-shaped porous mitt for housing and dispensing soap comprised of an outer body formed from terry cloth or similar material and a sponge-like material lining an interior cavity containing a soap pocket in which to hold bar or liquid soap that is fastened using a hook-and-loop fastener. An area at the mouth, the body or the rear of the mitt through which the bar of soap or the liquid soap can be received and housed until the soap mixes with water to produce a rich lather with which to cleanse a user's body. Finger pockets or loops are configured to receive the fingers of a user to allow the user to securely hold the mitt, even in the presence of rich lather. A rough-textured portion of the outer body provides added friction between the outer body and skin of a user to allow the user to scrub or exfoliate his or her skin.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, among other things, are method and apparatus for defining fields in a standardized test imaging system. In various embodiments, at least one page of a standardized exam is converted into a raster image. One or more bubble response fields are automatically identified on the raster image and a location of one or more bubble response fields is stored in a database. According to various embodiments, a portion of the raster image is defined that includes one or more bubble response fields. A size of the bubbles of the one or more bubble response fields is selected, and one or more bubbles of the size selected are automatically detected. A position of each bubble detected is determined and stored, according to various embodiments.

Abstract: A character-shaped porous mitt for housing and dispensing soap comprised of an outer body formed from terry cloth or similar material and a sponge-like material lining an interior cavity containing a soap pocket in which to hold bar or liquid soap that is fastened using a hook-and-loop fastener. An area at the mouth, the body or the rear of the mitt through which the bar of soap or the liquid soap can be received and housed until the soap mixes with water to produce a rich lather with which to cleanse a user's body. Finger pockets or loops are configured to receive the fingers of a user to allow the user to securely hold the mitt, even in the presence of rich lather. A rough-textured portion of the outer body provides added friction between the outer body and skin of a user to allow the user to scrub or exfoliate his or her skin.

Abstract: A pipeline insertion system may include an insertion device outside a tunnel that includes an insertion device frame and a movable clamp device in slidable engagement with the insertion device frame. A drive may cause the movable clamp device engaged with a pipeline to move between a first position and a second position along the frame. Inside the tunnel, the system may also include a plurality of support frames remote from the insertion device and remote from each other which support the pipeline on bearings as the pipeline is pushed (or pulled) by the insertion device through the bores of a plurality of housing segments mounted in the tunnel. A controller is operative to control the drive and the movable clamp device responsive to transducers which measure pipeline slippage, thrust force, and clamping pressure.

Abstract: The invention is directed to synthesizing a personalized audio equalization filter based on an individual's hearing profile when listening to audio signals using a preferred electronic means of transduction and production of the audio signals through headphones, earphones, or loudspeakers and is presented in two steps. In the first step, the deviation of the listener's hearing profile, when the preferred listening device is donned, is measured and recorded relative to predetermined equal-loudness contours (e.g., ISO standard equal-loudness contours). The hearing profile is used to compute an equalization filter such that when the audio signal to be reproduced is played through the filter, the equal-loudness contour for a specified phon level is restored. Thus, the invention compensates for deviations of the user's listening device, the user's own hearing profile from a standard hearing profile that represents natural hearing, and other factors.