Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the state of charge and loading capacity of an electrical storage battery by measuring current, voltage and temperature and comparing the measured values with the corresponding values for the response of an equivalent circuit diagram of the storage battery, the parameters of the components in the equivalent circuit diagram and the state variables being varied such that the measured values are matched and that the state of charge and loading capacity are determined from the adjusted parameters and state variables determined.

Abstract: Secondary lithium-ion cells which include at least one lithium-intercalating, carbon-containing negative electrode, a nonaqueous lithium ion-conducting electrolyte and at least one lithium-intercalating positive electrode including a lithium-containing chalcogen compound of a transition metal, the electrodes being separated from one another by separators. A lithium-containing auxiliary electrode is disposed in the cell to compensate for the irreversible capacity loss in the secondary lithium-ion cell.

Abstract: A method for determining the state of charge of lead-acid rechargeable batteries comprising a) substantially simultaneously measuring measured-value pairs (Ui, Ii) of the rechargeable battery voltage and current flowing at time ti over time interval dt, b) selecting a group of said measured-value pairs (Ui, Ii) for which only a discharge current flowed in the last time interval dt, c) varying parameters Uo, R and C such that a residual sum of squares between values Ui given by formula (1)

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the state of charge and loading capacity of an electrical storage battery by measuring current, voltage and temperature and comparing the measured values with the corresponding values for the response of an equivalent circuit diagram of the storage battery, the parameters of the components in the equivalent circuit diagram and the state variables being varied such that the measured values are matched and that the state of charge and loading capacity are determined from the adjusted parameters and state variables determined.

Abstract: A method for measuring fitness for use of a storage battery subject to electric loading including determining a load profile (current profile I(t) or power profile P(t)) as a function of time t, for the storage battery, recording an actual voltage response U(t) of the storage battery to the load profile or calculating a voltage response U(t) of the storage battery to the load profile, and determining a fitness for use value SOH for the storage battery based on the difference between a lowest (highest) voltage value Umin (Umax) during application of the load profile to the storage battery, and based on a voltage limiting value U1, wherein U1 is a voltage value which may not be undershot (overshot) by the voltage U(t) at any time t during which the load profile is applied to the storage battery.

Abstract: A method for determining the starting ability of the starter battery in a motor vehicle. The current and voltage of the storage battery are measured before starting is begun, shortly after starting is begun and at short intervals of time during the starting procedure. The current/voltage value pairs for each instant are used to calculate a resistance value and the quantity of charge drawn from the storage battery, and the rate of rise in the resistance values as a function of the quantity of charge drawn is used to derive a measure of the availability of the storage battery during the starting procedure. In particular, the gradient &Dgr;RQ of the internal resistance as a function of the quantity of charge drawn and the turn-on internal resistance RE are stored in an arithmetical memory as a field as a function of the charge state or of the equivalent no-load voltage (UR) and the battery temperature and are compared with already recorded values or typical normal values.

Abstract: In a process for determining the state of charge and the peak current loadability of batteries in the currentless pauses before and after a loading phase the no-load voltages U.sub.01 and U.sub.02 are measured. From them, with allowance for battery-specific parameters, especially the time curve of the no-load voltage, the true battery rest voltages U.sub.001 and U.sub.002 are computed. During the loading phase the converted current quantity q is measured and from the relationship U.sub.002 -U.sub.001 =C.sub.1 .multidot.q/Q.sub.0 the acid capacity Q.sub.0 of the battery is found. The relative state of charge SOC.sub.1 is determined from a curve of the rest voltage U.sub.00 linearized by the formula SOC.sub.1 =U.sub.002 /C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 as a function of the state of charge of the battery from which the absolute state of charge is calculated as SOC.sub.1 .multidot.Q.sub.0.From the internal resistance R.sub.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process for improving the charging and discharging capacity of storage batteries at low temperatures. The improvement in the charging and discharging of storage batteries is accomplished by raising their temperature, using for this purpose the energy stored in the batteries. The process is conducted in such a way that the temperature and at least one value characterizing the state of charge are measured before the beginning of the heating and during the heating and the storage battery is discharged through an electrical component introducing thermal energy into it, at which time the discharge is terminated when either the target loadability in the discharging or charging was achieved or the state of charge decreases below a threshold value.