Abstract: This invention relates to the use of potent potassium channel blockers or a formulation thereof in the treatment of glaucoma and other conditions which leads to elevated intraoccular pressure in the eye of a patient. This invention also relates to the use of such compounds to provide a neuroprotective effect to the eye of mammalian species, particularly humans.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system for forwarding packets in an Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) which includes a central node and at least one remote node. During operation, the system associates a logical link identifier (LLID) to a logical link between the central node and a remote node, wherein the logical link corresponds to a priority level based on a certain service level agreement (SLA). After receiving a packet to be forwarded to a remote node, the system then determines the value of one or more fields within the packet which is used to indicate a priority level for the packet. Subsequently, the system assigns an LLID to the packet based on the value of the one or more fields, thereby facilitating differentiated service qualities within the EPON.

Abstract: Compounds which are pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, their preparation process and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them are disclosed; these compounds are useful in the treatment of diseases caused by and/or associated with an altered protein kinase activity such as cancer, cell proliferative disorders, Alzheimer's disease, viral infections, auto-immune diseases and neurodegenerative disorders; also disclosed is a process under SPS conditions for preparing the compounds of the invention and chemical libraries comprising a plurality of them.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I): or a salt, solvate and chemically protected form thereof, wherein: R5is an optionally substituted C5-20 aryl or C4-20 alkyl group; A is selected from the group consisting of: wherein X and Y are selected from the group consisiting of: O and CR3; S and CR3; NH and CR3; NH and N; O and N; S and N; N and S; and N and O.

Abstract: Methods and systems for assisting individuals (101) arrange meetings such as networking meeting with other individuals (101) at a specified time (or within a specified time range) and/or at a specified place (or within a specified geographic region). More specifically, methods and systems for allowing individuals (110) to post an invitation to for a meeting on an on-line network and for allowing one or more other individuals (101) to accept such invitation.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that performs layer 3 (L3) aware switching in an Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) which includes a central node and at least one remote node. During operation, the system maintains a set of mapping information which indicates a correspondence relationship between a logical link identifier of a remote node, a medium access control (MAC) address for a subscriber coupled to the remote node, and an IP address for the subscriber. Upon receiving a packet which contains an IP address, the system selectively attaches a proper logical link identifier to the packet based on the mapping information and the IP address contained in the packet, thereby allowing only one proper remote node to receive the packet.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that performs packets switching in a passive optical network which includes a central node and at least one remote node. After receiving a packet, the system obtains a first set of results by performing a first lookup based on a first set of values derived from the packet. The system also obtains a second set of results by performing a second lookup based on a second set of values derived from the packet. Next, the system merges the first set of results and the second set of results, and produces a merged value. The system then obtains a subsequent result by performing a subsequent lookup with the merged value. If the packet is a downstream packet, the system derives a logical identifier corresponding to one or more remote nodes from the subsequent result. The system then incorporates the logical identifier into the packet and transmits the packet to one or more remote nodes.

Abstract: The invention provides anti-apoptotic compositions lysophosphatidic acids and methods for making and using the compositions. Such compositions can also contain LPA potentiating agents, including proteins, lipid membrane structures and polymers such as polyethylene glycols. The compositions can additionally contain other pharmaceutically effective agents such as drugs, antibiotics, wound healing agents and antioxidants.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that performs remote network management over an Ethernet connection between a local node and a remote node, wherein the Ethernet connection uses x-bit/y-bit (xB/yB) encoding. During operation, the system accepts a local Ethernet bit stream containing x-bit words at the local node. The system forms a second bit stream which carries network management information. The system then selectively encodes the x-bit words from the local Ethernet bit stream into y-bit words according to the bits from the second bit stream, thereby forming a third bit stream comprising y-bit words, wherein the third bit stream carries both information from the Ethernet bit stream and information from the second bit stream. The system then transmits the third bit stream on a physical medium from the local node to the remote node.

Abstract: Compounds which are pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, their preparation process and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them are disclosed; these compounds are useful in the treatment of diseases caused by and/or associated with an altered protein kinase activity such as cancer, cell proliferative disorders, Alzheimer's disease, viral infections, auto-immune diseases and neurodegenerative disorders; also disclosed is a process under SPS conditions for preparing the compounds of the invention and chemical libraries comprising a plurality of them.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that decrypts downstream data in an Ethernet passive optical network (EPON). During operation, the system receives a data frame which is encrypted based on a remote input block and a session key, wherein the remote input block is constructed based on a remote cipher counter and a remote block counter. The system adjusts a local cipher counter based on a received checksum located in a preamble of the data frame, wherein the local cipher counter is substantially synchronized with the remote cipher counter. In addition, the system truncates the local cipher counter by discarding n least significant bits thereof. The system then constructs a local input block based on the truncated cipher counter and a local block counter for the received data frame. Next, the system decrypts the data frame based on the local input block and the session key.

Abstract: The present invention provides indole derivatives that antagonize prostaglandin D2, and that can be used to treat inflammatory diseases mediated by prostaglandin D2.

Abstract: The present invention makes available methods and reagents for inhibiting aberrant growth states resulting from hedgehog gain-of-function, ptc loss-of-function or smoothened gain-of-function comprising contacting the cell with a hedgehog antagonist, such as a small molecule, in a sufficient amount to aberrant growth, e.g., to agonize a normal ptc pathway or antagonize smoothened or hedgehog activity.

Abstract: The present invention makes available methods and reagents for modulating proliferation or differentiation in a cell or tissue comprising contacting the cell with a hedgehog agonist, such as the compounds depicted in FIGS. 32 and 33. In certain embodiments, the methods and reagents may be employed to correct or inhibit an aberrant or unwanted growth state, e.g., by antagonizing a normal ptc pathway or agonizing smoothened or hedgehog activity.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates dynamic allocation of upstream bandwidth in a passive optical network which includes a central node and at least one remote node. Each remote node is coupled to at least one logical entity, which corresponds to a device or a user, that transmits upstream data to the central node and receives downstream data from the central node. The central node is coupled to an external network outside of the passive optical network through a shared out-going uplink.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates forwarding of packets in an Ethernet passive optical network (EPON), which includes a central node and at least one remote node. During operation, the system assigns a logical link identifier (LLID) to a remote node, wherein an LLID corresponds to a logical link between the central node and a remote node. The system also associates an LLID with a port of a switch within the central node, wherein the switch has a number of ports; wherein a port may be a physical port or a virtual port; and wherein the number of ports on the switch are divided into network-side ports and user-side ports. Upon receiving a downstream packet from a network-side port, the system searches a mapping table to determine whether one or more field values of the downstream packet correspond to any LLIDs or ports.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates transmission control in an Ethernet passive optical network, which includes a central node and at least one remote node, and wherein a remote node implements a data-link layer and a physical layer. During operation, the system starts by receiving, at the physical layer of a remote node, a word which is communicated from the data-link layer of the remote node, wherein the word may be a data word or an idle word. The system then delays the word for a pre-determined amount of time before allowing the word to be transmitted by a transmitter, thereby providing time for turning the transmitter on or off. The system also turns the transmitter on or off based on the content of the received words.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates dynamic allocation of upstream bandwidth in a passive optical network which includes a central node and at least one remote node. Each remote node is coupled to at least one logical entity and includes a number of queues, each of which is associated with a logical entity and stores upstream data from the logical entity. The central node is coupled to an external network through a shared out-going uplink. During operation, the system receives a request from a remote node for a grant to transmit upstream data from a logical entity, wherein the request reports the state of a queue associated with a logical entity; wherein the size of the data to be transmitted does not exceed a transmission threshold assigned to that logical entity, and wherein a logical entity may not request more than what is allowed by the corresponding transmission threshold.

Abstract: The present invention makes available methods and reagents for inducing activation of a hedgehog pathway in a cell or tissue comprising contacting the cell with a hedgehog agonist, such as a small molecule, in a sufficient amount to achieve a therapeutic result. In certain embodiments, the methods and reagents may be employed to correct or inhibit an aberrant or unwanted growth state, e.g., by antagonizing a normal ptc pathway or agonizing smoothened or hedgehog activity.

Abstract: A medication injector apparatus such as an injection pen. The injection pen includes a resettable, cartridge plunger drive assembly including an axially floating nut, a cartridge plunger engaging screw, and a drive clutch movable with the nut and which when rotated causes the screw to screw through the nut. When a cartridge assembly is mounted to the pen base, the floating nut and drive clutch are shifted proximally such that the drive clutch is in torque transmitting engagement with a rotatable drive member of the pen, such that rotation of that drive member results in drive screw advancement through the nut in the distal direction. When the cartridge assembly is not mounted to the pen base, the floating nut and drive clutch are biased distally to disengage the drive clutch from torque transmitting engagement with the rotatable drive member and to thereby allow the drive screw to be reset proximally through the nut to a position more retracted within the pen base.