Abstract: A microcontroller is provided and comprises a central repository, a processing device, and a firewall. Rule repository memory in the central repository stores one or more access rules defining an access permission of a software context to one or more target resources of the microcontroller. The firewall receives a bus transaction initiated based on an instruction and determines whether any access rule stored in memory of the firewall defines the access permission of the software context to a destination resource. If no access rule stored in the firewall memory defines the access permission, the firewall communicates a miss query condition to the central repository. The central repository searches the rule repository memory for an access rule defining the access permission of the software context to the destination resource, and if a related access rule is found, the related access rule is stored in the firewall memory.

Abstract: An electronic device, in disclosed embodiments, includes an antenna, transceiver circuitry coupled to the antenna, a memory configured to store a first operation key and instructions, and a processor coupled to the transceiver and to the memory. The processor is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory to cause the electronic device to, in response to receiving a first transmission containing an encrypted version of a second operation key that is encrypted by the first operation key, decrypt the encrypted version of the second operation key using the first operation key to recover the second operation key, store the second operation key in the memory, transmitting, by a transmitter of the electronic device, a second transmission that contains the first operation key and a command.

Abstract: A method for pairing a key fob with a control unit is provided. The key fob executes an ID authenticated key agreement protocol with a pairing device based on a key fob identification to authenticate one another and to generate a first encryption key. The pairing device encrypts a control unit identification using the first encryption key. The key fob receives the encrypted control unit identification transmitted from the pairing device. The key fob then executes an ID authenticated key agreement protocol with the control unit based on the control unit identification to authenticate one another and to generate a second encryption key. The key fob then receives an operational key transmitted from the control unit that is encrypted with the second encryption key.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods of collecting, processing, and analyzing breath exhaled from a subject. Specifically, described herein are systems and methods for minimizing the amount of breath needed for analysis. Further disclosed herein are systems and methods to analyze compounds contained in a subject's breath that are indicative of certain ailments and/or present in a low concentration in the subject's breath. The systems can include a reaction chamber, a breath inlet, a reactant inlet, a fluid atomizer, and a receiving substrate for analyzing the process subject's breath. The methods can include reacting a subject's breath with a reactant to analyze the contents of the subject's breath.

Abstract: An insect separating apparatus may include a sensor positioned to detect one or more insects when present within a test chamber. For example, the sensor may emit signals into the test chamber and receive reflected signals indicative of Doppler shifts caused by movement of the one or more insects. Based on information from the sensor, a computing device may determine a characteristic of the one or more insects in the chamber, such as a wing beat frequency, sex, or other characteristic. The computing device may instruct different responses based on the characteristic determined, such as activating an air mover to divert detected mosquitos out of the test chamber in response to the determined characteristics matching those of female mosquitos, or deactivating or maintaining the air mover in an inactive condition in response to the determined characteristics matching those of male mosquitos, for example, to allow passage through the chamber into a collection receptacle.

Abstract: A method for real-time, high-density physiological data collection includes automatically measuring, by a wearable device, one or more physiological parameters during each of a plurality of measurement periods, and upon conclusion of a measurement period, for each of the plurality of measurement periods, automatically transmitting by the wearable device data representative of the physiological parameters measured during that measurement period, to a server, the server configured to develop a baseline profile based on the data transmitted by the wearable device for the plurality of measurement periods. The measurement periods may extend through a plurality of consecutive days, and each of the consecutive days may include multiple measurement periods. At least some of the physiological parameters are measured by non-invasively detecting one or more analytes in blood circulating in subsurface vasculature proximate to the wearable device.

Abstract: A microcontroller is provided and comprises a central repository, a processing device, and a firewall. Rule repository memory in the central repository stores one or more access rules defining an access permission of a software context to one or more target resources of the microcontroller. The firewall receives a bus transaction initiated based on an instruction and determines whether any access rule stored in memory of the firewall defines the access permission of the software context to a destination resource. If no access rule stored in the firewall memory defines the access permission, the firewall communicates a miss query condition to the central repository. The central repository searches the rule repository memory for an access rule defining the access permission of the software context to the destination resource, and if a related access rule is found, the related access rule is stored in the firewall memory.

Abstract: A method for modulating a response signal includes introducing functionalized particles into a lumen of subsurface vasculature, wherein the functionalized particles are configured to interact with one or more target analytes present in blood circulating in the subsurface vasculature; and non-invasively detecting the one or more target analytes. A response signal, which may include a background signal and an analyte response signal related to interaction of the functionalized particles with the one or more target analytes, is transmitted from the subsurface vasculature. A modulation configured to alter the response signal such that the analyte response signal is affected differently than the background signal may be applied to a portion of subsurface vasculature. Analyte detection may be achieved by differentiating the analyte response signal from the background signal.

Abstract: An insect separating apparatus may include a sensor positioned to detect one or more insects when present within a test chamber. For example, the sensor may emit signals into the test chamber and receive reflected signals indicative of Doppler shifts caused by movement of the one or more insects. Based on information from the sensor, a computing device may determine a characteristic of the one or more insects in the chamber, such as a wing beat frequency, sex, or other characteristic. The computing device may instruct different responses based on the characteristic determined, such as activating an air mover to divert detected mosquitos out of the test chamber in response to the determined characteristics matching those of female mosquitos, or deactivating or maintaining the air mover in an inactive condition in response to the determined characteristics matching those of male mosquitos, for example, to allow passage through the chamber into a collection receptacle.

Abstract: An ultrasound device, including (i) an ultrasound transducer, and (ii) a coupling material in contact with the ultrasound transducer is presented. The coupling material can comprise a solid component and a liquid component, wherein the liquid component is absorbed within the solid component and forms a microscopic liquid layer on a surface of the solid component, through which acoustic energy from the ultrasound transducer can be conducted. The device can be mounted to an external body surface proximate to a portion of the lumen, allowing the device to measure the rate at which a component moves through the lumen. Also provided are methods for making the device and using the device to determine a physiological parameter based on at least the flow rate of a component through the lumen.

Abstract: Devices are provided to automatically access blood from beneath or within skin. These devices include a plurality of injectors configured to drive needles into the skin and draw samples of blood into the device. These devices additionally include a plurality of sensors which can detect a target analyte in the blood samples received by the device. These devices further include a user interface, which may prompt the user to self-administer a dose of a substance, or accept a user input which could affect or otherwise influence the activation of the device (i.e., the firing of needles to draw blood samples into the device and detect an analyte). These devices can be wearable and configured to automatically access blood from skin, for example, to access blood from the skin at one or more points in time after the user has self-administered a dose of a substance.

Abstract: Devices for micro-fluid mixing micro-fluids are presented, together with example methods for micro-mixing using example devices. An example device may include a micro-volume fluid chamber (?VFC), a micro-volume mixing chamber (?VMC), and a source of a target micro fluid. The ?VFC may include two slidably-mounted piston segments that divide the ?VFC into three sub-volumes, one of which initially contains a mixer micro-fluid. The source of the target micro fluid may be triggered to deliver the target micro-fluid into another of the sub-volumes via an inlet channel. A propellant may be triggered to drive axial motion of the piston segments, causing the sub-volumes to compress. Through this action, the mixer micro-fluid may be expelled via a first outlet channel into the ?VMC, and the target micro-fluid may be expelled via a second outlet channel into the ?VMC. As the piston segments move, they block and unblock the inlet and outlet channels.

Abstract: An intragastric balloon device including a deformable material is in an ingestible form for delivery to a stomach of a patient, expands in response to stimuli in the stomach, and degrades within a limited duration (such as 16 hours or some other value between 2 hours and 72 hours) to diminish to passable form in which remains of the intragastric balloon device are passable from the stomach. In an illustrative example, the deformable material is composed of silicone coated with parylene and encloses perfluoropentane fluid that transitions from liquid to gas due to stomach temperature to inflate the balloon in the stomach and occupy space in the stomach until a fuse of methacrylate erodes to unblock a vent conduit to permit escape of the perfluoropentane for deflating the balloon to diminish to passable form.

Abstract: A method for pairing a key fob with a control unit is provided. The key fob executes an ID authenticated key agreement protocol with a pairing device based on a key fob identification to authenticate one another and to generate a first encryption key. The pairing device encrypts a control unit identification using the first encryption key. The key fob receives the encrypted control unit identification transmitted from the pairing device. The key fob then executes an ID authenticated key agreement protocol with the control unit based on the control unit identification to authenticate one another and to generate a second encryption key. The key fob then receives an operational key transmitted from the control unit that is encrypted with the second encryption key.

Abstract: Devices are provided to automatically inject drugs or other payloads into or beneath skin. These devices include an injector configured to drive a hollow needle into the skin and subsequently to deliver the payload through the hollow needle. Applied suction acts to draw blood from the puncture formed in the skin through the hollow needle, into the device, and to a sensor, blood storage element, or other payload. In some examples, the blood is drawn through the hollow needle when the hollow needle is penetrating the skin. In some examples, these devices are additionally configured to retract the hollow needle from the skin and/or to perform some other functions. These devices can be wearable and configured to automatically access blood or deliver a payload into skin, for example, to operate at one or more points in time while a wearer of a device is sleeping.

Abstract: A system for needle-free drawing of blood is disclosed. A hand-portable device can include an evacuated negative-pressure barrel with a membrane sealing an aperture at a distal end, and a housing affixed to a proximal end. An accelerator barrel can be positioned within the negative-pressure barrel and fixed to the housing, with an open proximal end in a chamber in the housing, and an open distal end aligned with the aperture. The chamber can be filled with pressurized gas, and a trigger valve can hydrostatically separate the chamber from the open proximal end of the accelerator barrel. A micro-particle positioned within the accelerator barrel can be accelerated to high speed by an abrupt surge of gas by releasing the trigger valve. The micro-particle can attain enough momentum to pierce the aperture membrane and penetrate adjacent dermal tissue. A resulting micro-emergence of blood can be drawn into the negative pressure barrel.

Abstract: Devices are provided to automatically inject drugs or other payloads into or beneath skin. These devices include an injector configured to drive a hollow needle into the skin and subsequently to deliver the payload through the hollow needle. Applied suction acts to draw blood from the puncture formed in the skin through the hollow needle, into the device, and to a sensor, blood storage element, or other payload. In some examples, the blood is drawn through the hollow needle when the hollow needle is penetrating the skin. In some examples, these devices are additionally configured to retract the hollow needle from the skin and/or to perform some other functions. These devices can be wearable and configured to automatically access blood or deliver a payload into skin, for example, to operate at one or more points in time while a wearer of a device is sleeping.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for low-power, data transmission using ultrasound signals. In one implementation, a data transmission system includes an ultrasound transducer configured to generate ultrasound signals in response to power supplied from a power source, and a mechanical ultrasound amplifier coupled to the ultrasound transducer, the ultrasound amplifier having a substrate adapted to function as a soundboard to amplify the ultrasound signals. The range of the data transmission system may be increased with a relay system. The relay system may include one or more detectors and one or more repeaters.

Abstract: A wearable device includes a detector configured to detect a response signal transmitted from a portion of subsurface vasculature, the response signal being related to binding of a clinically-relevant analyte to functionalized particles present in a lumen of the subsurface vasculature. Program instructions stored in a computer readable medium of the device, and executable by a processor, may cause the device to determine a concentration of the clinically-relevant analyte based on the response signal detected by the detector; determine whether a medical condition is indicated based on at least the concentration of the clinically-relevant analyte; and, in response to a determination that the medical condition is indicated, transmit data representative of the medical condition via the communication interface.

Abstract: Devices and methods are provided for transmucosal drug delivery. The transmucosal drug delivery device may include a housing configured for intralumenal deployment, such as intravaginally, into a human or animal subject; a drug-dispensing portion which contains at least one drug, the drug-dispensing portion being configured to dispense the drug from the housing by positive displacement; and a permeability enhancer-dispensing portion configured to release or generate a permeability enhancing substance to disrupt at least one region of a mucosal barrier adjacent to the housing at a selected time while intralumenally deployed in the human or animal subject. The device may be operable to dispense the drug from the housing to a region of the mucosal barrier disrupted by the permeability enhancing substance.