Abstract: This application provides an MDBV determining method, apparatus, and system. The method includes: A first device determines an updated MDBV based on an updated segment packet delay budget, so that an access network device can use the updated MDBV. Therefore, according to an actual requirement of the access network device, a corresponding MDBV is generated for use. This helps ensure communication efficiency of the access network device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for terminating a virtual network function (VNF) instance according to termination requirements of the VNF instance. The termination requirements may be defined in a VNF descriptor corresponding to the VNF instance. A network function virtualization (NFV) management entity may obtain the termination requirements and initiate termination of the VNF instance based on the obtained termination requirements.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet mask including a substrate, a reflective multilayer stack on the substrate and a capping layer on the reflective multilayer stack is provided. The reflective multilayer stack is treated prior to formation of the capping layer on the reflective multilayer stack. The capping layer is formed by an ion-assisted ion beam deposition or an ion-assisted sputtering process.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion includes a first front side wall, a first rear side wall, a top wall, and at least one pivotal pin structure extending from the first rear side wall. The at least one pivotal pin structure comprises a base, a shaft, and a head having a non-circular cross-sectional shape. The second portion includes a second front side wall, a second rear side wall, a bottom wall, and at least one pin holder extending from the second rear side wall. The at least one pin holder defines an opening for accepting the head of the at least one pivotal pin structure at an alignment. The head of the at least one pivotal pin structure extends through the opening. The first portion and the second portion are pivotally movable between an open configuration and a closed container configuration.

Abstract: A service packet transmission method and apparatus, the method including receiving, by the source mobile edge computing network element, after a source mobile edge computing network element receives a second uplink service packet, a first uplink service packet sent by a source user plane network element and that is from a target user plane network element, where the second uplink service packet is the last uplink service packet sent by the source mobile edge computing network element to a source application server, sending, by the source mobile edge computing network element, the first uplink service packet to a target mobile edge computing network element, and sending, by the source mobile edge computing network element, first indication information to the target mobile edge computing network element, the first indication information indicating that the sending of the first uplink service packet by the source mobile edge computing network element ends.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for detecting fraudulent accounts. One of the methods includes obtaining raw data from network events associated with a collection of user accounts of an online service; processing the raw data including determining a feature set and applying the feature set to generate user groups each comprising one or more user account; evaluating each user group based on feature distributions including performing one or more Major-Key-Shared (MKS) correlation calculations on pairs of features from the feature set for the group; scoring each group based on the evaluation; and identifying groups having a score that exceeds a specified threshold as fraudulent.

Abstract: A quality of service (QoS) parameter processing method and a system, where the method includes obtaining, by a control plane device, a core network (CN) packet delay budget (PDB) between a first access network device and a first user plane function device, sending, by the control plane device, the CN PDB to the first access network device, determining, by the first access network device, an access network (AN) PDB between a terminal device and the first access network device based on the CN PDB and an end-to-end PDB between the terminal device and the first user plane function device, and scheduling, by the first access network device, an air interface resource between the terminal device and the first access network device based on the AN PDB.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a wafer stage and a particle removing assembly. The wafer stage includes a cup adjacent to a wafer chuck. The particle removing assembly is configured to remove contaminant particles from the cup. In some embodiments, the particle removing assembly comprises a flexible ejecting member that includes one or more elongated tubes, a front tip, and a cleaning tip adapter configured to attach the front tip to each of the one or more elongated tubes. The front tip includes front openings and lateral openings from which pressurized cleaning material are introduced onto an unreachable area of the cup to remove the contaminant particles from the cup.

Abstract: A silicone hydrogel composition includes a first hydrophilic monomer, a siloxane compound, a first crosslinking monomer, a second hydrophilic monomer, and a second crosslinking monomer. The first hydrophilic monomer and the siloxane compound have an acrylate group or an acrylamide group and may also have a methacrylate group or a methacrylamide group. The first crosslinking monomer has a plurality of acrylate groups or acrylamide groups and may also have methacrylate groups or methacrylamide groups. The second hydrophilic monomer has a non-conjugated vinyl group. The second crosslinking monomer has a plurality of non-conjugated vinyl groups. A sum of the weight of the second hydrophilic monomer and the weight of the second crosslinking monomer is 40 to 100 parts by weight, relative to 100 parts by weight of the sum of the weight of the first hydrophilic monomer, the weight of the siloxane compound, and the weight of the first crosslinking monomer.

Abstract: A wireless position tracking device, a display system, and a wearable device are provided. The wireless position tracking device includes a rigid body, point light sources, a motion sensor, and a wireless transmission module. The rigid body has an inner concave surface, a head, a connecting portion, and a tail. The connecting portion connects the head and tail. The point light sources are fixed to positions outside the inner concave surface. The motion sensor locates in the rigid body for sensing a motion thereof and generating motion information. The wireless transmission module locates in the rigid body and electrically connects the motion sensor for wirelessly transmitting the motion information to the head-mounted device. An image capturing module of the head-mounted device captures a pattern formed by the point light sources. The head-mounted device calculates a relative position of the wireless position tracking device according to the pattern and motion information.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method, wherein a user plane path between a terminal and a user plane gateway includes a first link and a second link, the first link is a link between the terminal and an access network device, and the second link is a link between the access network device and the user plane gateway. The method comprises: obtaining packet loss statuses of a service flow on the first link and the second link; determining a quantity of consecutive lost packets of the service flow on the user plane path based on the packet loss statuses of the service flow on the first link and the second link; and when the quantity of consecutive lost packets of the service flow on the user plane path reaches a first threshold, triggers enabling of a high-reliability transmission mechanism for the service flow.

Abstract: An electrode and system for electrocatalytic water splitting. The electrode for overall water splitting comprises a conductive substrate, and a bifunctional electrocatalyst comprising primarily metallic phosphides disposed on a surface of the substrate. The system comprises an anode and a cathode. Each of the anode and the cathode comprises a uniform distribution of a bifunctional electrocatalyst comprising metallic phosphides on a conductive substrate. The metallic phosphides can comprise iron phosphide (FeP) and dinickel phosphide (Ni2P). The bifunctional electrocatalyst promotes hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the cathode, and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to an XR messaging system that can conduct a message thread between multiple users, where individual messages can be designated for delivery to particular artificial reality locations or devices. When sending a message, a user can choose to send the message to a particular destination associated with one or more other users on the message thread. When such a destination selection is made, the message can be formatted for viewing at the selected destination by applying a template, to the message, selected based on the template being configured for the types of data defined in the message and for the type of the destination.

Abstract: This application discloses a time synchronization fault processing method, apparatus, and system, and belongs to the communication field. The method includes: When time of a first translator in a first network is not synchronized with a clock source in the first network, the first translator stops communicating time information with at least one other translator in the first network than the first translator, where the time information is used for obtaining time synchronized with a clock source in a second network.

Abstract: A semiconductor package and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. A package substrate of a device includes a functional circuit structure in a central region of the package substrate and a seal ring structure in a peripheral region of the package substrate and electrically isolated from the functional circuit structure. The seal ring structure includes a via pattern including outer discrete features arranged in an outer loop and inner discrete features arranged in an inner loop between the outer loop and the functional circuit structure. In a top view, ends of adjacent two of the inner discrete features are spaced apart from each other by a non-zero distance, and one of the outer discrete features overlaps the non-zero distance.

Abstract: A method of electrocatalytic water splitting by providing an anode and a cathode; and utilizing the anode and the cathode for alkaline water electrolysis. Each of the anode and the cathode comprises a uniform distribution of a bifunctional electrocatalyst comprising metallic phosphides on a conductive substrate. The metallic phosphides comprise arion phosphide (FeP) and dinickel phosphide (Ni2P). The bifunctional electrocatalyst promotes hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the cathode, and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode.

Abstract: A method, terminal, and system for transmitting a file between multiple terminals is described. The method includes obtaining a picture, which is photographed by a file receiving end from a file sending end from a file sending end and includes a to-be-transmitted file, and performing image recognition on the obtained picture to determine the to-be-transmitted file of the file sending end, the picture of the to-be-transmitted file being displayed on a display interface of the file sending end. The method further includes determining a file path of the to-be-transmitted file according to the determined to-be-transmitted file, obtaining the to-be-transmitted file according to the file path of the to-be-transmitted file, and transmitting the to-be-transmitted file to the file receiving end.

Abstract: This application provides a downlink transmission method. A session management network element obtains duration, namely, a first delay, between an expected moment at which a downlink service packet arrives at an access network element and an estimated moment at which the downlink service packet arrives at the access network element, the expected moment is within a first scheduling window, and a next scheduling window adjacent to the first scheduling window is a downlink scheduling window. Then, the session management network element sends the first delay to an application network element, where the first delay is used by an application server to determine a second moment at which the downlink service packet is sent, and a moment at which the downlink service packet sent at the second moment arrives at the access network element is within the first scheduling window.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a packet transmission method, a communication apparatus, and a communication system. A target transport layer proxy network element establishes a fourth transport layer connection based on a first context of a source transport layer proxy network element, where the first context is a context about packet transmission of the source transport layer proxy network element on a first path. If the target transport layer proxy network element receives first indication information, and the first indication information indicates that application context migration between a first application server and a second application server is completed, the target transport layer proxy network element performs transport layer processing on a packet on a second path based on a second context of the target transport layer proxy network element, and transmits, on the second path, a packet obtained through the transport layer processing. Hence, a packet loss can be avoided.

Abstract: A transmission method and apparatus related to the field of communications technologies and include obtaining, by a session management network element, transport network capability list information, where the transport network capability list information indicates whether a transport network supports high-reliability transmission, and the transport network is a network between an access device and a user plane network element, and managing, by the session management network element, a user plane connection, of a terminal, between the access device and the user plane network element based on the transport network capability list information, where the user plane connection is usable for transmitting a service flow packet of the terminal.