Abstract: A replacement apparatus for an optical element mounted between two adjacent optical elements in a lithography objective has a holder for the optical element to be replaced, which holder can be moved into the lithography objective through a lateral opening in a housing of the same.

Abstract: In a system for overcoming or at least damping oscillations in or through channels (9) which carry fluid in a component, in particular coolant in cooling channels in an optical element (1), in particular a projection objective lens (1a) for semiconductor lithography, oscillations which occur are detected and evaluated by sensors (5), after which the result is passed, in the form of an adaptronic control loop to piezoelectric elements (9), which are integrated in the optical element, and are in the form of thin plates, films or layers which, when activated, produce the oscillations or frequencies which counteract oscillations and natural frequencies produced by the turbulence.

Abstract: In a system for specific deformation of optical elements in an imaging device, in particular in a projection exposure machine having a projection lens for micro-lithography, for the purpose of eliminating image errors or for active adjustment, piezoelectric elements are applied as actuators in the form of thin plates, films or layers to surfaces to be deformed, or integrated into them. In conjunction with an adaptronic servo loop having sensors, forces and/or moments are exerted on the optical elements for their specific deformation by means of a controlled activation of the piezoelectric elements as actuators.

Abstract: In a gearbox control system (8) for detecting systematic errors and long-term changes, the behavior of a real gearbox (1) is compared to the behavior of an ideal gearbox (7), which is implemented in the form of a gearbox model in the gearbox control system (8).

Abstract: In an oscillation damping system, the oscillations which act on an optical element in an imaging device, in particular on deformation-decoupled mounts and manipulators in a projection illumination arrangement, in particular in a projection objective for microlithographic projection exposure objective lithography, are detected by sensors, by actuators waves with same or at least similar frequencies and amplitudes of anti-phases to the disturbing oscillations are generated and introduced in said mount.

Abstract: Within the scope of the method for motor reduction while closing the lock-up clutch for automatic transmission of a motor vehicle, the starting value of the motor reduction is brought up via an adjustable ramp within the time period elapsed while laying on the disks of the lock-up bridge clutch, the motor reduction being adjustable with reference to a characteristic field.

Abstract: A device for the low-deformation support of an optical element (2), in particular of an end plate of a lens in a projection printing system for semiconductor elements, is provided with a mount (1), the optical element (2) being connected to the mount (1) at least partly via a bonding layer which is located between the adjacent circumferential walls (4, 5) of mount (1) and optical element (2). The mount (1) is provided with at least three bearing feet (3) which are distributed over the circumference and on which the optical element (2) rests. The bonding layer is located in an annular gap (6) between the adjacent circumferential walls (4, 5) of mount (1) and optical element (2) over at least one section thereof.

Abstract: In a system for overcoming or at least damping oscillations in or through channels (9) which carry fluid in a component, in particular coolant in cooling channels in an optical element (1), in particular a projection objective lens (1a) for semiconductor lithography, oscillations which occur are detected and evaluated by sensors (5), after which the result is passed, in the form of an adaptronic control loop to piezoelectric elements (9), which are integrated in the optical element, and are in the form of thin plates, films or layers which, when activated, produce the oscillations or frequencies which counteract oscillations and natural frequencies produced by the turbulence.

Abstract: In an oscillation damping system, the oscillations which act on an optical element in an imaging device, in particular on deformation-decoupled mounts and manipulators in a projection illumination arrangement, in particular in a projection objective for microlithographic projection exposure objective lithography, are detected by sensors, by actuators waves with same or at least similar frequencies and amplitudes of anti-phases to the disturbing oscillations are generated and introduced in said mount.

Abstract: In a system for specific deformation of optical elements in an imaging device, in particular in a projection exposure machine having a projection lens for micro-lithography, for the purpose of eliminating image errors or for active adjustment, piezoelectric elements are applied as actuators in the form of thin plates, films or layers to surfaces to be deformed, or integrated into them. In conjunction with an adaptronic servo loop having sensors, forces and/or moments are exerted on the optical elements for their specific deformation by means of a controlled activation of the piezoelectric elements as actuators.