Abstract: A damping material 10 for a damping layer or interlayer of a brake lining has at least one rubber content and one resin content. A plurality of macroscopic, heterogeneously delimited areas are formed in the damping material 10, areas comprising rubber areas 1 with a high rubber content of at least 3% to maximally 50% by weight, and resin areas 2 with a high resin content of at least 5% by weight, wherein the rubber areas 1 are free of resin or have a resin content ?5% by weight, and the resin areas 2 are free of rubber.

Abstract: Aluminum alloys, in particular Al magnesium or Al titanium alloys, are suitable as corrosion protection media in friction linings for automotive brakes and couplings, and serve as a replacement for zinc metal or zinc compounds in such linings.

Abstract: A damping material 10 for a damping layer or interlayer of a brake lining has at least one rubber content and one resin content. A plurality of macroscopic, heterogeneously delimited areas are formed in the damping material 10, said areas comprising rubber areas 1 with a high rubber content of at least 3% to maximally 50% by weight, and resin areas 2 with a high resin content of at least 5% by weight, wherein the rubber areas 1 are free of resin or have a resin content ?5% by weight, and the resin areas 2 are free of rubber.

Abstract: In order to carry out the polarimetric detection of a measurand, light of two polarization states is passed through a sensing element, where the two states suffer a differential phase shift depending on the value of the measurand. In order to compensate for only imperfections of the device, a method is proposed that is based on calibration values obtained in a low-value regime of the measurand only. Yet the method can still be used for accurately determining higher values of the measurand.

Abstract: In order to carry out the polarimetric detection of a measurand, light of two polarization states is passed through a sensing element, where the two states suffer a differential phase shift depending on the value of the measurand. In order to compensate for only imperfections of the device, a method is proposed that is based on calibration values obtained in a low-value regime of the measurand only. Yet the method can still be used for accurately determining higher values of the measurand.

Abstract: A fiber optic sensor and related method are described, with the sensor including a cross-coupling element in the optical path between a polarizing element and a sensing element, but separated from the sensing element itself; with the cross-coupling element generating a defined cross-coupling between the two orthogonal polarization states of the fundamental mode of a polarization maintaining fiber guiding light from the light source to the sensing element thus introducing a wavelength-dependent or temperature-dependent sensor signal shift to balance wavelength-dependent or temperature-dependent signal shifts due to other elements of the sensor, particularly signal shifts due to the wavelength dependence of the Faraday effect or the electro-optic effect constant.

Abstract: Aluminum alloys, in particular Al magnesium or Al titanium alloys, are suitable as corrosion protection media in friction linings for automotive brakes and couplings, and serve as a replacement for zinc metal or zinc compounds in such linings.

Abstract: A device and a method for testing tablets are disclosed. The device for testing tablets includes a test chamber, which has a crusher jaw and, lying opposite the latter, a counter-jaw. The device has a movable sheet metal strip, which is designed to position a tablet for testing. The longitudinal axis of the movable sheet metal strip is at an angle of less than 90° to the longitudinal axis of the direction of movement of the crusher jaw, and the direction of movement of the sheet metal strip corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the sheet metal strip.

Abstract: There is described an optical fiber current sensor having an opto-electronic module part for detecting an optical phase shift induced by the measurand field in a sensing fiber, a sensor head including the sensing fiber, wherein the sensing fiber is a spun highly-birefringent fiber having a length L=? ds defined by the line integral along the space curve given by the sensing fiber coil such that the length L of the sensing fiber is sufficiently long to suppress thermal signal instabilities due to the spun character of the sensing fiber while the effective number of fiber windings is low enough to maintain a maximum sensitivity over the full measurement range of the fiber-optical sensor.

Abstract: It is proposed to use a spun birefringent fiber for a current sensor or magnetic field sensor. The fiber has a birefringence that increases with temperature. In this case, the temperature dependence of the fiber's sensitivity to magnetic fields counteracts the temperature dependence of the fiber's Verdet constant, which allows to design current and field sensors that have reduced temperature dependence.

Abstract: A fiber optic sensor and related method are described, with the sensor including a cross-coupling element in the optical path between a polarizing element and a sensing element, but separated from the sensing element itself; with the cross-coupling element generating a defined cross-coupling between the two orthogonal polarization states of the fundamental mode of a polarization maintaining fiber guiding light from the light source to the sensing element thus introducing a wavelength-dependent or temperature-dependent sensor signal shift to balance wavelength-dependent or temperature-dependent signal shifts due to other elements of the sensor, particularly signal shifts due to the wavelength dependence of the Faraday effect or the electro-optic effect constant.

Abstract: This invention concerns a calcium polyphosphate material consisting of amorphous nanoparticles with a diameter of approximately between about 45 nm to about 0.25 ?m that displays a considerable hardness (elastic modulus) of about 1.3 GPa. The inventive noncrystalline and biodegradable material that is produced under mild conditions, at room temperature, is morphogenetically active and preferably induces bone formation and the expression of the marker gene for osteoblast activity, alkaline phosphatase. In a preferred aspect, the invention concerns a method for producing amorphous retinol/calcium-polyphosphate nanospheres (retinol/aCa-polyP-NS) that show several unexpected properties and can be used in the treatment or prophylaxis of a variety of dermatological conditions, including photoaging.

Abstract: A fiber optic sensor and related method are described, with the sensor including a cross-coupling element in the optical path between a polarizing element and a sensing element, but separated from the sensing element itself; with the cross-coupling element generating a defined cross-coupling between the two orthogonal polarization states of the fundamental mode of a polarization maintaining fiber guiding light from the light source to the sensing element thus introducing a wavelength-dependent or temperature-dependent sensor signal shift to balance wavelength-dependent or temperature-dependent signal shifts due to other elements of the sensor, particularly signal shifts due to the wavelength dependence of the Faraday effect or the electro-optic effect constant.

Abstract: This invention concerns a method for the production of amorphous, nano- or microparticular materials based on inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) and calcium phosphate or calcium carbonate that show osteogenic activity. In one aspect of the invention, the inventor shows that amorphous calcium polyphosphate (Ca-polyP) microparticles can be used for biological functionalization of titanium alloy surfaces. The inventive method allows the fabrication of a durable and stable, almost homogeneous and morphogenetically active Ca-polyP layer on titanium oxidized Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds that supports the growth and enhances the functional activity of bone cells, in contrast to biologically inert non-modified titanium surfaces. A preferred aspect relates to the formation of amorphous calcium phosphate (CaP) particles in the presence of low concentrations of sodium polyP. This material causes a strong upregulation of the expression of proteins involved in bone formation.

Abstract: A device and a method for testing tablets are disclosed. The device for testing tablets includes a test chamber, which has a crusher jaw and, lying opposite the latter, a counter-jaw. The device has a movable sheet metal strip, which is designed to position a tablet for testing. The longitudinal axis of the movable sheet metal strip is at an angle of less than 90° to the longitudinal axis of the direction of movement of the crusher jaw, and the direction of movement of the sheet metal strip corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the sheet metal strip.

Abstract: This invention concerns a formula for the synthesis of a printable hybrid material, formed of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and polyphosphate (polyP). Both polymers are linked together by calcium ions. The inventive CMC-polyP material, in combination with alginate, is biocompatible, biodegradable and useful for three-dimensional (3D) printing and 3D cell printing (bioprinting). The CMC-polyP scaffold, hardened by exposure to calcium ions, is morphogenetically active and can be used in bone N tissue engineering, as a bio mimetic 3-phase scaffold that mimics and induces essential phases in bone repair, including blood clot formation and platelet degranulation (release of growth factors and cytokines) (Phase 1: initiation phase), calcium carbonate bioseed formation (Phase 2: nucleation) and expression/activation of bone alkaline phosphatase (Phase 3: hydroxyapatite-biomineral.

Abstract: A method of increasing accuracy of optical sensors based on generating two sets of light waves having different velocities in the presence of a non-vanishing measurand field within a sensing element of the sensor is described. A defined static bias phase shift is introduced between the two sets of light waves. The sensor converts a total optical phase shift including static bias optical phase shifts and measurand-induced optical phase shifts into anti-phase optical power changes in at least two detector channels. The method includes steps of normalizing the optical power changes after their conversion into electrical detector signals in the two detector channels to reduce effects of uneven intensity or power of the light source and different loss or gain in the detector channels. Further methods, sensors and apparatus for temperature stabilizing such optical sensors and novel sensors are also presented.

Abstract: A method for requesting an object by means of a client system, which is coupled to a server system operatively via a communications network is provided, wherein a server means of the server system receives via the communications network a request message from an electronic document displayed at a client system, the request message comprises at least a first parameter, which identifies a user of the client system, and a second parameter, which identifies the requested object, the server means evaluates the parameters of the received request message, wherein data for the first parameter assigned to the user and data for the second parameter assigned to the object are determined, wherein the respective data are stored in a storage means of the server system, and after a successful evaluation, the requested object is provided for transmission to the user.