Abstract: A spintronics element comprises two ferromagnetic layers without a non-magnetic interlayer between them. The two ferromagnetic layers may be independently switched by various means such as but not limited to applying one or more external magnetic fields, and/or employing current induced switching, and/or applying optical spin-pumping.

Abstract: ECM machine for electrochemically machining metallic workpieces by anodic dissolution of the workpiece by means of an electrolyte and an applied dc voltage, comprising at least one revolving table for mounting the workpiece or a workpiece carrier, as well as a portal with a transverse girder, at which one or two cathodes are provided, the at least one revolving table being rotatable about a vertical axis and being movable along horizontal guides linearly with respect to the revolving table. The transverse girder is movable vertically at vertical guides of the portal, transverse girder being rotatable about a horizontal axis of rotation. The cathode or cathodes are clampable each at one or at a common clamping device at the transverse girder and/or movable linearly along the transverse girder at least at one horizontal guide.

Abstract: A spin-valve structure is provided, illustrating the layer structure used for the magnetic tunnel junction, by a method comprising the steps of providing a substrate, growing a ferromagnetic layer on the substrate, growing a tunnel barrier layer on the ferromagnetic layer, providing a first non-magnetic metallic contact on the ferromagnetic layer and providing a second non-magnetic metallic contact for the single ferromagnetic layer. Beside such a single sided structure a double-sided structure can be provided having e.g. a Ga0.94Mn0.06As/undoped GaAs/Ga0.94Mn0.06As trilayer structure on top of a semi-insulating GaAs substrate and an undoped LT-GaAs buffer layer. There is an inner square contact and a surrounding electrical back contact. This sample structure makes it possible to perform two-probe magnetoresistance measurements through both ferromagnets and the GaAs tunnel barrier. The resistance of the device is fully dominated by the vertical tunneling process through the tunnel barrier.

Abstract: A semiconductor magnetic body comprises a layer (11 15) intended to trap electrons, wherein said layer (11 15) is surrounded on both sides by a magnetic layer (16, 17). This leads to the creation of ferromagnetic character in spatially limited regions of electronic elements such as but not limited to quantum dots, where this creation is achieved using magnetic materials which do not compositionally form part of the region but are rather contained in the zone or zones adjacent to the region.

Abstract: A lithographic method of producing an air-bridge (10) comprises the steps of providing a sequence of a bottom resist layer (2), a shield layer (3) and a top resist layer (4), removing the top resist layer (4) and subsequently the shield layer (3) in the area of the bridge span, removing the bottom resist layer (2) in the area of the pillars of the bridge, forming a metal layer (8) on the sequence of layers, and removing the resist layers (2, 4) together with shield layer portions (3) and metal-coated portions (9) to create the air-bridge.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for changing the trajectory of ink droplets generated by and emitted from a print head which operates in a continuous manner, the ink droplets being electrostatically charged and deflected in a plane out of an original trajectory by at least one electrical field in a first deflecting device, the ink droplets being deflected in the same plane by at least one electrical field in a second deflecting device. The invention further relates to an inkjet printing device for emitting, in particular in a continuous manner, electrostatically charged ink droplets in an original trajectory by means of a first deflecting device for deflecting the charged ink droplets in a plane out of the original trajectory, at least one second deflecting device being provided by which the ink droplets may be deflected in the same plane.

Abstract: The invention relates to an open end spinning device comprising a single-motor driven spinning rotor whose cup is rotationally actuated in the rotor housing which is negatively pressurized and closed by a cover element during a spinning process. According to said invention, the rotor house (2) is embodied in the form of a central element which is fixable to the frame of a textile machine and connects the control (3) of the spinning rotor (21) to the carrier (4) for the cover element (6) provided with a fibre band releasing device (23).

Abstract: Mixed oxide powder containing indium and tin, with a proportion of indium oxide of between 90 and 98 wt. % and a BET surface area of 40 to 120 m2/g, which is in the form of aggregates having an average circumference of less than 500 nm, consists of at least 95% of an indium oxide phase and displays an oxygen content that is lower than the content that theoretically results from In2O3 and SnO2. It is produced by mixing a solution of an indium compound with a solution of a tin compound, atomising this mixture of solutions, pyrolysing the atomised mixture of solutions in a first zone of a reactor and in a second zone of the reactor, following pyrolysis, adding reducing gases to the pyrolysed mixture at one or more points in a quantity such that overall a reducing atmosphere is established in this second zone, and separating the resulting solid from the waste gases in a further, third zone, in which a reducing atmosphere likewise still prevails.

Abstract: The invention relates to an open end spinning device comprising a single-motor driven spinning rotor whose cup is rotationally actuated in the rotor housing which is negatively pressurized and closed by a cover element during a spinning process. According to said invention, the rotor house (2) is embodied in the form of a central element which is fixable to the frame of a textile machine and connects the control (3) of the spinning rotor (21) to the carrier (4) for the cover element (6) provided with a fibre band releasing device (23).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for changing the trajectory of ink droplets generated by and emitted from a print head which operates in a continuous manner, the ink droplets being electrostatically charged and deflected in a plane out of an original trajectory by at least one electrical field in a first deflecting device, the ink droplets being deflected in the same plane by at least one electrical field in a second deflecting device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for evaluating a sequence of discrete measured values whereby an attribute is assigned to each measured value before evaluation that includes the same properties for all measured values, and whereby a criterion is established for the attribute and the length of a chain from the sequence of discrete measured values.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of flupirtine in manufacture of a pharmaceutical preparation for therapy and/or prophylaxis of diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic maculopathy, genetically related maculopathies, apoptosis of the visual apparatus and/or human glaucomas and also a combination preparation comprising flupirtine and at least one further active ingredient for therapy and/or prophylaxis of said diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for evaluating a sequence of discrete measured values whereby an attribute is assigned to each measured value before evaluation that includes the same properties for all measured values, and whereby a criterion is established for the attribute and the length of a chain from the sequence of discrete measured values.

Abstract: ECM machine for electrochemically machining metallic workpieces by anodic dissolution of the workpiece by means of an electrolyte and an applied dc voltage, comprising at least one revolving table for mounting the workpiece or a workpiece carrier, as well as a portal with a transverse girder, at which one or two cathodes are provided, the at least one revolving table being rotatable about a vertical axis the being movable at horizontal guides linearly with respect to the revolving table, the transverse girder being movable vertically at vertical guides of the portal, the transverse girder being rotatable about a horizontal axis of rotation and the cathode or cathodes being clampable each at one or at a common clamping device at the transverse girder and/or movable linearly at the transverse girder at least at one horizontal guide

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetoresistive semiconductor element, including a first contact and a second contact, and also a layer of a nonmagnetic semiconductor arranged between the first contact and the second contact. The first contact is composed of a semi-magnetic material. The semi-magnetic material is a strongly paramagnetic material whose electron spins have no preferential direction without an action of an external magnetic field. Under the action of an external magnetic field, the electrons are spin-polarized in the first contact. When a voltage is applied this results in the injection of spin-polarized electrons into the nonmagnetic semiconductor. As a result, in the nonmagnetic semiconductor, only one of the spin channels can be used for transporting the charge carriers, so that a positive magnetoresistive effect is obtained.

Abstract: A heat-curable powder coating composition is provided that can form crosslinked films exhibiting enhanced hydrophobicity. The coating composition comprises a compound having functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silicon-oxygen cluster units.

Abstract: NCO compounds with covalently bonded polyhedral oligomeric silicon-oxygen cluster units and good solubility are suitable as crosslinkers in coating systems. The NCO compounds lead to improved coating properties, such as good leveling of cured baking varnishes.

Abstract: A claim is laid to a permeable composite, a process of production of the composite as well as the use of this composite. The composite essentially contains a perforated and permeable carrier, on and in or on or in which another component that essentially contains metallic compounds with elements from group III to VI of the periodic system is stabilized. Stabilization of the component on or in the carrier is carried out by heating a suspension consisting of the component suspended in a metallic oxide sol that has been applied onto or into or onto and into the carrier. In this way, it is possible to produce a permeable composite that is ideally suited for use in filtration and membrane technologies under very mild conditions either by heating for a short time or warming for a longer time.

Abstract: Microporous titanium dioxide particles having a crystalline structure and having an apparent density of less than 1.9 g/cm3.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetoresistive semiconductor element, including a first contact and a second contact, and also a layer of a nonmagnetic semiconductor arranged between the first contact and the second contact. The first contact is composed of a semi-magnetic material. The semi-magnetic material is a strongly paramagnetic material whose electron spins have no preferential direction without an action of an external magnetic field. Under the action of an external magnetic field, the electrons are spin-polarized in the first contact. When a voltage is applied this results in the injection of spin-polarized electrons into the nonmagnetic semiconductor. As a result, in the nonmagnetic semiconductor, only one of the spin channels can be used for transporting the charge carriers, so that a positive magnetoresistive effect is obtained.