Abstract: Effective and uniform driving of a large organic EL display panel is formed using a plurality of stripes for each of first electrodes and also for each of second electrodes. These stripes are electrically isolated from each other, which enables each group of pixels defined by a set of orthogonal stripes to be driven separately from the remaining groups of pixels. Efficient fabrication methods devised to construct said display panel are cost effective and suitable for mass production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel ice nucleation active Xanthomonas strain and a bacterial ice nucleator comprising the ice nucleation active microorganism which can be applied for food processing and artificial snow making. The present inventors have screened ice nucleation active microorganisms from leaves of crops and plants, and investigated their ice-nucleation activities. As a result, the inventors discovered that a novel microorganism belonging to Xanthomonas campestris has a superior ice-nucleation activity than those of the conventional ice nucleation active microorganisms. Accordingly, the ice nucleation active microorganism of the invention can be used as a potent bacterial ice nucleator for food processing and artificial snow making.