Abstract: A computer system includes a processor core and a memory system in signal communication with the processor core. The memory system includes a first cache and a second cache. The first cache is arranged at a first level of a hierarchy in the memory system and is configured to store a plurality of first-cache entries. The second cache is arranged at a second level of the hierarchy that is lower than the first level, and stores a plurality of second-cache entries. The first cache maintains a directory that contains information for each of the first-cache entries. The second cache maintains a shadow pointer directory (SPD) that includes one or more SPD entries that maps each of the first-cache entries to a corresponding second cache entry at a lower-level cache location.

Abstract: A system for delivering a self-guided audio tour to an end user, the system comprising: a central server comprising: a database; a tour instruction file stored in the database, the tour instruction file comprising: a tour type; a tour path comprising a plurality of tour points; an order of the tour points on the tour path; location information identifying the real-world position of each of the tour points on the tour path; and data to be delivered to the end user for each of the tour points on the tour path; and a personal electronic device comprising: a central processing unit; a wireless transceiver in communication with the central processing unit for wirelessly communicating with the central server; a position determination unit in communication with the central processing unit for identifying the real-world position of the personal electronic device; a display in communication with the central processing unit; at least one acoustic output unit in communication with the central processing unit; and a soft

Abstract: A system for delivering a self-guided audio tour to an end user, the system comprising: a central server comprising: a database; a tour instruction file stored in the database, the tour instruction file comprising: a tour type; a tour path comprising a plurality of tour points; an order of the tour points on the tour path; location information identifying the real-world position of each of the tour points on the tour path; and data to be delivered to the end user for each of the tour points on the tour path; and a personal electronic device comprising: a central processing unit; a wireless transceiver in communication with the central processing unit for wirelessly communicating with the central server; a position determination unit in communication with the central processing unit for identifying the real-world position of the personal electronic device; a display in communication with the central processing unit; at least one acoustic output unit in communication with the central processing unit; and a soft

Abstract: A system for delivering a self-guided audio tour to an end user, the system comprising: a central server comprising: a database; a tour instruction file stored in the database, the tour instruction file comprising: a tour type; a tour path comprising a plurality of tour points; an order of the tour points on the tour path; location information identifying the real-world position of each of the tour points on the tour path; and data to be delivered to the end user for each of the tour points on the tour path; and a personal electronic device comprising: a central processing unit; a wireless transceiver in communication with the central processing unit for wirelessly communicating with the central server; a position determination unit in communication with the central processing unit for identifying the real-world position of the personal electronic device; a display in communication with the central processing unit; at least one acoustic output unit in communication with the central processing unit; and a soft

Abstract: A system for delivering a self-guided audio tour to an end user, the system comprising: a central server comprising: a database; a tour instruction file stored in the database, the tour instruction file comprising: a tour type; a tour path comprising a plurality of tour points; an order of the tour points on the tour path; location information identifying the real-world position of each of the tour points on the tour path; and data to be delivered to the end user for each of the tour points on the tour path; and a personal electronic device comprising: a central processing unit; a wireless transceiver in communication with the central processing unit for wirelessly communicating with the central server; a position determination unit in communication with the central processing unit for identifying the real-world position of the personal electronic device; a display in communication with the central processing unit; at least one acoustic output unit in communication with the central processing unit; and a soft

Abstract: A device and method of background substitution are disclosed. One or more cameras in a mobile device obtain a depth image. A processor in or external to the device segments the foreground from the background of the image. The original background is removed and a stored background image or video is substituted in place of the original background. The substituted background is altered dependent on the attitude and motion of the device, which is sensed by one or more sensors in the device. A portion of the stored background selected as the substitute background varies in correspondence with the device movement.

Abstract: A device for use with an imaging system that is operable to provide an image signal based on an object disposed at a first distance from the imaging system. The imaging system includes a first camera, a second camera and a display. The first camera is operable to generate a first image signal based on the object and includes a first optics system and a first detector. The first optics system has a focal length, whereas the first detector has a resolution. The second camera is operable to generate a second image signal based on the object. The second camera includes a second optics system and a second detector. The second optics system has the same focal length of the first optics system and the second detector has the same resolution as the first detector. The second camera is separated from the first camera by a second distance. The display is operable to display an image based on a modified image.

Abstract: A process for forming a laminate with capacitance and the laminate formed thereby. The process includes the steps of providing a substrate and laminating a conductive foil on the substrate wherein the foil has a dielectric. A conductive layer is formed on the dielectric. The conductive foil is treated to electrically isolate a region of conductive foil containing the conductive layer from additional conductive foil. A cathodic conductive couple is made between the conductive layer and a cathode trace and an anodic conductive couple is made between the conductive foil and an anode trace.

Abstract: A method of providing three dimensional (3D) information is disclosed in which a master recruits a local slave to provide contemporaneous images. The images are collected and 3D information extracted therefrom. The 3D information or various images may be transmitted to a remote device and is employed to provide a substitute background that replaces the background of the original image. Either the new image is displayed on one or both devices. The images can be collected and the 3D information extracted at either of the master or slave or at a separate device. To recruit the slave, the master broadcasts a query to all local devices, determines the available devices and their characteristics, automatically or manually selects a particular device, requests authorization from the selected device, and pairs with the selected device when authorization is received. Devices of the same or different types may be paired.

Abstract: A process for forming a laminate with capacitance and the laminate formed thereby. The process includes the steps of providing a substrate and laminating a conductive foil on the substrate wherein the foil has a dielectric. A conductive layer is formed on the dielectric. The conductive foil is treated to electrically isolate a region of conductive foil containing the conductive layer from additional conductive foil. A cathodic conductive couple is made between the conductive layer and a cathode trace and an anodic conductive couple is made between the conductive foil and an anode trace.

Abstract: A process for forming a laminate with capacitance and the laminate formed thereby. The process includes the steps of providing a substrate and laminating a conductive foil on the substrate wherein the foil has a dielectric. A conductive layer is formed on the dielectric. The conductive foil is treated to electrically isolate a region of conductive foil containing the conductive layer from additional conductive foil. A cathodic conductive couple is made between the conductive layer and a cathode trace and an anodic conductive couple is made between the conductive foil and an anode trace.

Abstract: A process for forming a laminate with capacitance and the laminate formed thereby. The process includes the steps of providing a substrate and laminating a conductive foil on the substrate wherein the foil has a dielectric. A conductive layer is formed on the dielectric. The conductive foil is treated to electrically isolate a region of conductive foil containing the conductive layer from additional conductive foil. A cathodic conductive couple is made between the conductive layer and a cathode trace and an anodic conductive couple is made between the conductive foil and an anode trace.

Abstract: A process for forming a laminate with capacitance and the laminate formed thereby. The process includes the steps of providing a substrate and laminating a conductive foil on the substrate wherein the foil has a dielectric. A conductive layer is formed on the dielectric. The conductive foil is treated to electrically isolate a region of conductive foil containing the conductive layer from additional conductive foil. A cathodic conductive couple is made between the conductive layer and a cathode trace and an anodic conductive couple is made between the conductive foil and an anode trace.

Abstract: A device and method of modifying an image containing a foreground and an original or substitute background are disclosed. Boundary pixels contain only the original background or the original background and the foreground. The original background is replaced by a predetermined or random color or by a color corresponding to the substitute background. The entire boundary pixel can be replaced by the replacement color. Alternatively, the ratio of the foreground to the original background can be estimated from the neighboring pixels and only the original background replaced by the replacement color. Once some or all of the boundary pixels are replaced, the image can be transmitted or otherwise transferred to other devices or viewers. Some or all of the images in a video can be modified.

Abstract: A communication device contains multiple microphones that receive acoustic signals from a user and from the background. The acoustic signals from the user are enhanced using the background acoustic signals to reduce background noise. The enhanced signal are transmitted to an emergency network when an emergency call is made from the communication device. The raw signals are stored in the communication device for later retrieval or are transmitted simultaneously with the enhanced signals. The enhanced signals are transmitted using a circuit-switched voice mode while the raw signals are transmitted using a packet-switched voice mode.

Abstract: A device for use with an imaging system that is operable to provide an image signal based on an object disposed at a first distance from the imaging system. The imaging system includes a first camera, a second camera and a display. The first camera is operable to generate a first image signal based on the object and includes a first optics system and a first detector. The first optics system has a focal length, whereas the first detector has a resolution. The second camera is operable to generate a second image signal based on the object. The second camera includes a second optics system and a second detector. The second optics system has the same focal length of the first optics system and the second detector has the same resolution as the first detector. The second camera is separated from the first camera by a second distance. The display is operable to display an image based on a modified image.

Abstract: A method of providing three dimensional (3D) information is disclosed in which a master recruits a local slave to provide contemporaneous images. The images are collected and 3D information extracted therefrom. The 3D information or various images may be transmitted to a remote device and is employed to provide a substitute background that replaces the background of the original image. Either the new image is displayed on one or both devices. The images can be collected and the 3D information extracted at either of the master or slave or at a separate device. To recruit the slave, the master broadcasts a query to all local devices, determines the available devices and their characteristics, automatically or manually selects a particular device, requests authorization from the selected device, and pairs with the selected device when authorization is received. Devices of the same or different types may be paired.

Abstract: An improved method for forming a capacitor. The method includes providing a carrier with a channel therein, providing a metal foil with a valve metal with a first dielectric on a first face of the metal foil, securing the metal foil into the channel with the first dielectric away from a channel floor, inserting an insulative material between the metal foil and each side wall of the channel, forming a cathode layer on the first dielectric between the insulative material, forming a conductive layer on the cathode layer and in electrical contact with the carrier, lap cutting the carrier parallel to the metal foil such that the valve metal is exposed, and dice cutting to form singulated capacitors.

Abstract: A method of presenting content from a remote device is provided. Limited bandwidth content, transmitted from a remote device, is received at a local device. The limited bandwidth content is superimposed on enhanced content retrieved by the local device. The limited bandwidth content overlaps with the enhanced content such that the limited bandwidth content is a subset of what is represented by the enhanced content. The limited bandwidth or enhanced content may either be still images or video that is stitched together and displayed at the local device.

Abstract: An improved method for forming a capacitor. The method includes: providing a carrier with a channel therein; providing a metal foil with a valve metal with a first dielectric on a first face of the metal foil; securing the metal foil into the channel with the first dielectric away from a channel floor; inserting an insulative material between the metal foil and each side wall of the channel; forming a cathode layer on the first dielectric between the insulative material; forming a conductive layer on the cathode layer and in electrical contact with the carrier; lap cutting the carrier parallel to the metal foil such that the valve metal is exposed; and dice cutting to form singulated capacitors.