Abstract: A grant that includes a resource allocation for a subframe set may be communicated. The subframe set may include a subframe resource and another subframe resource following the subframe resource. Sensing, during a sensing time prior to utilization of the subframe resource, that the unlicensed spectrum is available may be performed. Transmitting, based on the sensing, data on the subframe resource and the another subframe resource without further sensing may also be performed.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive discovery related configuration information that includes discovery filtering information and information for a non-long term evolution radio access technology (non-LTE RAT). The WTRU may monitor a device to device (D2D) communication interface on the non-LTE RAT based on the discovery filtering information and send a report that includes information associated with the discovery filtering information. The WTRU may receive a message to allow the WTRU to establish a D2D communication link with another WTRU using the non-LTE RAT.

Abstract: Augmented reality (AR) systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed. A user's gaze point may be estimated and may be used to search for and present information, e.g., information relating to areas on which the user is focusing. The user's gaze point may be used to facilitate or enable modes of interactivity and/or user interfaces that may be controlled by the direction of view of the user. Biometric techniques may be used to estimate an emotional state of the user. This estimated emotional state may be used to be the information that is presented to the user.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive from a network resource allocation information for device to device (D2D) communication. The WTRU may select, from the received resource allocation information for a transmission time interval (TTI), resources for a D2D channel. The WTRU may transmit, with use of the selected resources, data directly to another WTRU.

Abstract: Cognitive, emotional and/or affective state information may be used for adaptive gaming, advertisement insertion delivery timing, driver or pilot assistance, education, advertisement selection, product and/or content suggestions, and/or video chat applications. A human machine interface (HMI) may be generated. A content placement in the HMI may be managed. Sensor data from one or more sensors may be received. A timing for delivery of content may be determined. The timing for delivery of the content may be determined based on at least one of the determined cognitive state of the user or the determined affective state of the user. The content may be selected for delivery to the user based on at least one of the cognitive state of the user or the affective state of the user. The content may include an advertisement.

Abstract: A method and system for facilitating the transfer of game or virtual reality (VR) state information is disclosed herein. An Event Pattern Detection engine may receive a periodic update of a game/VR state of a Source Game/VR Client and detect a trigger for transfer of the game/VR state based on the periodic update. The Event Pattern Detection engine may then send a message for transfer of the game/VR state to a Game/VR State Transfer Engine. The Game/VR State Transfer Engine may send a request for the game/VR state to a Game/VR Server and may receive the game/VR state from the Game/VR Server. The Game/VR State Transfer Engine may send the game/VR state to a Destination Game/VR Client and receive a confirmation of the receipt of the game/VR state by the Destination Game/VR Client. The Game/VR State Transfer Engine may send a Game/VR State Transfer Complete message to the Game/VR Server.

Abstract: A packet loss notification in a video transmission may be performed by a network device. The network device may receive a first video packet sent from a first client to a second client. The network device may determine that the first video packet has been lost. The network device may determine a video packet receiving port number of the first client. The network device may receive a second video packet sent from the second client to the first client. The network device may determine that the second video packet includes a destination port number that matches a video packet receiving port number of the first client. The network device may modify the second video packet by adding packet loss information indicating that the first video packet has been lost. The network device may send the modified second video packet to the first client.

Abstract: A dual-radio access technology (dual-RAT) wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may transmit, over a cellular RAT, a registration message that includes a wireless local area network (WLAN) device identifier (ID) for a WLAN associated with the dual-RAT WTRU. A transceiver of the dual-RAT WTRU may receive, from the cellular network over the cellular RAT, assistance information that includes a security key for the WLAN. A processor of the dual-RAT WTRU may perform, over a WLAN RAT, device-to-device D2D direct discovery using the WLAN device ID and the security key for the WLAN.

Abstract: HARQ parameters (e.g., maximum HARQ retransmission values) may be adapted. Cross-layer control and/or logical channel control may be used to select a maximum number of HARQ retransmissions, for example based on packet priority and/or QCI values. Respective priorities of video packets may be used to select one of a plurality of logical channels associated with a video application that may be established at a source wireless hop and/or a destination wireless hop. The logical channels have different HARQ characteristics. Different maximum HARQ retransmission values may be determined for select logical channels, for example such that packets of different priorities may be transmitted over different logical channels. One or more of the channels may be associated with one or more transmission queues that may have different priority designations. Video packets may be reordered (e.g., with respect to transmission order) within the transmission queues, for example in accordance with respective HARQ parameters.

Abstract: Augmented reality (AR) systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed. A user's gaze point may be estimated and may be used to search for and present information, e.g., information relating to areas on which the user is focusing. The user's gaze point may be used to facilitate or enable modes of interactivity and/or user interfaces that may be controlled by the direction of view of the user. Biometric techniques may be used to estimate an emotional state of the user. This estimated emotional state may be used to be the information that is presented to the user.

Abstract: Device-to-device (D2D) cross link power control systems and methods may be disclosed. For example, a device such as a UE or WTRU may determine whether it may have simultaneous transmissions where at least one of the transmissions may include a cross link transmission. The device may further determine whether a total transmit power of the simultaneous transmissions may exceed a maximum transmit power of the device. If the device may have simultaneous transmissions and such transmissions may exceed the maximum transmit power, the device may reallocate power based on a priority or priority setting. The device may further determine a maximum cross link power, a maximum device power, and a cross link transmit power level such that the device may further control the power for transmissions based thereon.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for supporting a two-stage device-to-device (D2D) discovery using a D2D interworking function (IWF). A D2D IWF component may be configured to perform mapping between an application running on an application server and a third generation partnership project (3GPP) network, and provide a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) to allow discovery to be provided as a service to D2D applications. An application identifier may be mapped to a 3GPP identifier. Further, a method and apparatus are described for performing client-server discovery. A first wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured for a listen-only operation, and a second WTRU may be configured to transmit beacons. The first and second WTRUs may perform a radio access network (RAN) discovery procedure at an access stratum (AS) layer. A method and apparatus for performing charging for D2D service using a D2D IWF are also described.

Abstract: A 5G Network Architecture uses virtualization and network slicing. The user equipment (UE) interacts with an underlay network that interacts with virtual network slices. The UE interacts with the underlay network (ULN) to establish a connection to a virtual network slice. Procedures are defined to assign a new slice instance to a UE (UE initiated and ULN initiated); to change a UE Profile (UE initiated and ULN Initiated); and to change a UE's assigned slice instance (ULN Initiated).

Abstract: Device-to-device (D2D) cross link power control systems and methods may be disclosed. For example, a device such as a UE or WTRU may determine whether it may have simultaneous transmissions where at least one of the transmissions may include a cross link transmission. The device may further determine whether a total transmit power of the simultaneous transmissions may exceed a maximum transmit power of the device. If the device may have simultaneous transmissions and such transmissions may exceed the maximum transmit power, the device may reallocate power based on a priority or priority setting. The device may further determine a maximum cross link power, a maximum device power, and a cross link transmit power level such that the device may further control the power for transmissions based thereon.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for adapting communication parameters to a variety of link conditions, traffic types and priorities. For example, WiFi transmission parameters (e.g. retry limit, AIFS, CW size, MCS order and/or CCA threshold) may be adapted to channel congestion levels, channel errors and/or traffic priority levels. Parameter adaptation may be coordinated across layers (e.g. between MAC and PHY layer parameters). Congestion levels may be detected, for example, using a smoothed queue size and/or channel busy time. Traffic may be transmitted using adapted parameters, such as reduced retry limits for a high congestion level and increased retry limits for priority traffic in response to channel error. Feedback may support parameter adaptation. For example, feedback may be provided by a receiver and/or within a sender, such as a sender MAC and/or PHY layer or a parameter adapter providing feedback (e.g. spoofed NACK packet) to a sender application, transport and/or network layer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for supporting a two-stage device-to-device (D2D) discovery using a D2D interworking function (IWF). A D2D IWF component may be configured to perform mapping between an application running on an application server and a third generation partnership project (3GPP) network, and provide a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) to allow discovery to be provided as a service to D2D applications. An application identifier may be mapped to a 3GPP identifier. Further, a method and apparatus are described for performing client-server discovery. A first wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured for a listen-only operation, and a second WTRU may be configured to transmit beacons. The first and second WTRUs may perform a radio access network (RAN) discovery procedure at an access stratum (AS) layer. A method and apparatus for performing charging for D2D service using a D2D IWF are also described.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed to establish an interface between a player of an application (such as an online game) and a spectator viewing the application such that the spectator provides at least one commentary (such as an audio or written message). The commentary may be synchronized with a temporal location in media associated with the application. The player may set criteria for the type of commentary to be received, as well as timing. The commentary may be filtered, wherein, if the commentary satisfies the filter conditions, the commentary is provided to the player. A discovery mechanism may allow spectators, players, and users of a social network who may watch a game offline to find comments relevant to the game. Players may be able to filter comments from individual spectators or from groups (e.g., types or classes) of spectators.

Abstract: A packet loss notification in a video transmission may be performed by a network device. The network device may receive a first video packet sent from a first client to a second client. The network device may determine that the first video packet has been lost. The network device may determine a video packet receiving port number of the first client. The network device may receive a second video packet sent from the second client to the first client. The network device may determine that the second video packet includes a destination port number that matches a video packet receiving port number of the first client. The network device may modify the second video packet by adding packet loss information indicating that the first video packet has been lost. The network device may send the modified second video packet to the first client.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for neighbor discovery in a wireless communication system are disclosed. A neighbor seeking wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may search for a first signal to discover neighbor WTRUs for peer-to-peer communication. The WTRU may then receive the first signal. Further, the WTRU may generate a report based on the received first signal. Then, the WTRU may send a second signal carrying the report to a cellular wireless network. The first signal may include a beacon for neighbor discovery or a synchronization signal or both. The report may contain at least one neighbor WTRU identity or at least a portion of a time value or both. Further, the report may contain a counter value, including at least a portion of a time value. The counter value may be based on a time source. In addition, the first signal may be received from a synchronization source.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed to perform rate adaptation in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). The WTRU may receive an encoded data stream, which may be encoded according to a Dynamic Adaptive HTTP Streaming (DASH) standard. The WTRU may request and/or receive the data stream from a content server. The WTRU may monitor and/or receive a cross-layer parameter, such as a physical layer parameter, a RRC layer parameter, and/or a MAC layer parameter (e.g., a CQI, a PRB allocation, a MRM, or the like). The WTRU may perform rate adaption based on the cross-layer parameter. For example, the WTRU may set the CE bit of an Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) field based on the cross-layer parameter. The WTRU may determine to request the data stream encoded at a different rate based on the cross-layer parameter, the CE bit, and/or a prediction based on the cross-layer parameter.