Abstract: A voltage tolerant input/output circuit coupled to an input/output pad, and is able to support a voltage overdrive operation of approximately twice an operational voltage, and have an input tolerance of approximately three times the operational voltage. The circuit includes a pull-up driver, a P-shield, an N-shield, a pull-down driver and a cross-control circuit. The pull-up driver is coupled to a power supply. The P-shield has an N-well and is coupled to the pull-up driver at a node C, and coupled to the input/output pad. An N-shield is also coupled to the input/output pad. A pull-down driver is coupled between ground and the N-shield at a node A. A cross-control circuit is configured to detect voltage at: the node A, the node C, and the input/output pad. The cross-control circuit is configured to output control signals to the P-shield and the N-shield based on the detected voltages.

Abstract: Methods for multi-user detection in a CDMA-based channel for use in a base station receiver are provided. Signals, each including a CDMA code, are received. Correlation operations are performed on CDMA codes of received signals respectively to obtain corresponding first correlation values. CDMA codes are divided into first and second code groups according to a threshold and corresponding first correlation values. An interference cancellation procedure is performed on received signals to remove signals corresponding to first code group therefrom and to obtain a removed signal. Correlation operations are performed on CDMA codes of removed signal to obtain corresponding second correlation values. Each first correlation value is subtracted from a corresponding second correlation value and compared with a threshold to generate a comparison result.

Abstract: A system for channel selection management in a wireless communication network. The system includes a memory module configured to store at least one channel condition related to at least one infrastructure station among a plurality of infrastructure stations in the wireless communication network, wherein each of the plurality of infrastructure stations is able to monitor a channel condition of a channel between the each infrastructure station and a mobile station; a compare module configured to compare a channel condition related to one of the plurality of infrastructure stations with a threshold and provide a signal for a comparison result; a control module configured to provide a control information based on the signal from the compare module; and a selection module configured to select one of the at least one infrastructure station and notify the selected infrastructure station to serve the mobile station based on the control information from the control module.

Abstract: A method for providing resource allocation in a communication network includes identifying at least two broadcast zones for receiving broadcast services in the communication network and generating a first index based on a relative relationship among the at least two broadcast zones. The first index includes information indicative of whether a first broadcast zone overlaps with at least one other broadcast zone. The method further includes generating a second index based on the relative relationship among the at least two broadcast zones; assigning at least one identifier to each of the at least two broadcast zones based on the first index and the second index; and enabling data transmissions to the at least two broadcast zones based on the assigned identifiers and using the at least one communication resource associated with the identifiers. The second index may include information indicative of a number of broadcast zones overlapped with the first broadcast zone.

Abstract: A support apparatus for supporting a device includes a fixing portion detachably secured to the device, and a rotating portion rotatably coupled to the fixing portion. The fixing portion defines an opening for allowing the support apparatus to be hand-held, and, when placed on a supporting surface, is capable of being rotated to form different viewing angles for the device. A device assembly using the support apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: In a first pair of stacked PMOS devices comprising a first PMOS device and a second PMOS device, a first pumping circuit is coupled between a gate of the first PMOS device and a P pre-driver signal. In a second pair of stacked NMOS devices comprising a first NMOS device and a second NMOS device, a second pumping circuit is coupled between a gate of the first NMOS device and an N pre-driver signal. The pumping circuits recognizing the transition from the pre-driver signals provide a voltage to the gate of the first PMOS device and of the first NMOS device so that the first PMOS and NMOS devices are turned on better. As a result, their voltage Vds peaks are suppressed to a safe level; the devices avoid hot-carrier degradations; and their lifetimes are prolonged.

Abstract: An integrated circuit layout for an Input Output (IO) cell includes at least three metal layers. An IO pad is disposed directly over a top metal layer of the at least three metal layers. At least top two metal layers of the at least three metal layers provide a power bus and a ground bus.

Abstract: A threshold voltage detection apparatus comprises a voltage level up-shifter and a voltage level down-shifter. The threshold voltage detection apparatus is placed at a circuit fabricated in a low voltage semiconductor process. The threshold voltage detection apparatus receives an input signal having a wide range and generates output signals comprising the logic of the input signal, but having a voltage range suitable for the low voltage circuit. The threshold voltage detection apparatus ensures that the low voltage circuit operates in a range to which the low voltage semiconductor process is specified.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for dynamically adapting a modulation and coding scheme for a base station transmitting a multicast-and-broadcast service to a plurality of subscribers. The method comprises periodically performing a transmission adapting process. The transmission adapting process comprises steps of setting a feedback condition according to a coverage corresponding to the multicast-and-broadcast service and sending a negative-acknowledge-based feedback query including the feedback condition, a feedback channel and feedback information corresponding to the multicast-and-broadcast service to the subscribers. According to a feedback-receiving status, the base station adapts a modulation and coding scheme for transmitting the multicast-and-broadcast service.

Abstract: A method for a transmission system selecting one of a plurality of transmission architectures to transmit a multicast-and-broadcast service is provided. The transmission system comprises at least one base station participating the transmission of the multicast-and-broadcast service. The method comprises recording a number of subscribers for subscribing the multicast-and-broadcast service within the coverage range of each of the base stations. According to the subscriber number and the number of the base stations, each of the transmission architectures is mapped to average cell efficiency. The average cell efficiency of each of the transmission architectures is analyzed. The transmission architecture corresponding to the maximum average cell efficiency is selected for the transmission system transmitting the multicast-and-broadcast service.

Abstract: Methods for multi-user detection in a CDMA-based channel for use in a base station receiver are provided. Signals, each including a CDMA code, are received. Correlation operations are performed on CDMA codes of received signals respectively to obtain corresponding first correlation values. CDMA codes are divided into first and second code groups according to a threshold and corresponding first correlation values. An interference cancellation procedure is performed on received signals to remove signals corresponding to first code group therefrom and to obtain a removed signal. Correlation operations are performed on CDMA codes of removed signal to obtain corresponding second correlation values. Each first correlation value is subtracted from a corresponding second correlation value and compared with a threshold to generate a comparison result.

Abstract: This present invention discloses a heterocyclic substituted acardite derivate and application thereof, namely compounds in the general formula (1) or the general formula (2) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein A is monosubstituted or polysubstituted quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, pyrrole or pyrimidine, and the substituent is halogen, C1-5alkyl, C1-5haloalkyl, C1-5alkoxy, C1-5haloalkoxy, C1-5alkylamino, C1-5haloalkylamino, amino or nitryl; R1 is C1-5alkyl; R2 is one or more selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl or haloalkoxy; and R3 is one or more selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl or haloalkoxy. The compound of the present invention and the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be used for treating tumor or leukemia.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for receiving a feedback for at least a multicast broadcast service flow transmitting to a plurality of subscriber stations. The method comprises steps of assigning a plurality of code division multiple access (CDMA) codes to a feedback corresponding to the multicast broadcast service flow and then performing an allocation process for allocating a feedback channel for the subscriber stations. Thereafter, an announcement process is performed to announce a multiple feedback condition, the CDMA codes and the feedback channel to the subscriber stations. A channel monitoring process is performed for receiving a negative-acknowledgment (NACK)-based feedback sending from one of the subscriber stations unsatisfied with the multiple feedback condition and the NACK-based feedback is in a form of one of CDMA codes corresponding to the multicast broadcast service flow and is transmitted through the feedback channel.

Abstract: A collapsible electronic device includes a first part, a second part, a hinge, a control unit, and a driving unit. The second part is hinged on the first part, and the control unit is configured to generate a first driving command when receiving a power-on signal for the collapsible electronic device and a second driving command when receiving a power-down signal for the collapsible electronic device, and the driving unit is configured to pivot the hinge to a first predetermined angle when receiving the first driving command and to a second predetermined angle when receiving the second driving command.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge (ESD) clamp includes a first power source configured to provide a first power supply voltage, a power supply node coupled to the first power source and receiving the power supply voltage; and a first NMOS transistor and a second NMOS transistor coupled in series and between the power supply node and a VSS node. The first NMOS transistor and the second NMOS transistor are low nominal VDD devices with maximum endurable voltages lower than the power supply voltage. The ESD claim further includes an ESD detection circuit including a capacitor coupled between the power supply node and a gate of the second NMOS transistor, and a resistor coupled between the gate of the second NMOS transistor and the VSS node.

Abstract: A method for managing a call admission controller in a multi-hop wireless backhaul network is illustrated. The method provides a call access control mechanism in a multi-hop wireless backhaul network system by calculating at least one service quality parameter in the network and determining if service data transmitted from relay nodes is allowed to enter a gateway of the network according to the at least one service quality parameter. In exemplary embodiments of present invention, the service quality parameter includes a throughput, an average delay of packets, a number of remote devices, a packet loss rate, a number of the relay nodes, and an amount of service data of a specific class traffic in the network. A topology of the network may be a ring, a chain, or a tree topology, and a ripple protocol is utilized as media access control protocol in the network.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge (ESD) clamp includes a first power source configured to provide a first power supply voltage, a power supply node coupled to the first power source and receiving the power supply voltage; and a first NMOS transistor and a second NMOS transistor coupled in series and between the power supply node and a VSS node. The first NMOS transistor and the second NMOS transistor are low nominal VDD devices with maximum endurable voltages lower than the power supply voltage. The ESD claim further includes an ESD detection circuit including a capacitor coupled between the power supply node and a gate of the second NMOS transistor, and a resistor coupled between the gate of the second NMOS transistor and the VSS node.

Abstract: A data transmission method with multiple token mechanism in wireless token ring protocol is provided. First, (a) a logical ring with M nodes is provided; (b) a k-th node is selected from the logical ring, and a token in the k-th node is generated; (c) a first message is sent to a (k+1)-th node from the k-th node with the token, and whether the (k+1)-th node responds a second message is judged, if yes, the data to be transmitted is transmitted from the k-th node, otherwise, the token of the k-th node is eliminated; (d) the token is sent to the (k+1)-th node from the k-th node after completing the transmission of the transmitted data of the k-th node, a generation token sequence is generated in a i-th node, and sent to a (i?1)-th node; and (e) the token is generated for the (i?1)-th node with the generation token sequence.

Abstract: A circuit, includes first, second, and third inverters. The first inverter has a first input coupled to a first port and a first output coupled to a second port. The second inverter has a second input coupled to the second port and a second output coupled to the first port. The third inverter has a third input coupled to the first port through a first capacitor and to a third port. The third inverter has an output coupled to the second port through a second capacitor. The circuit receives a signal having a voltage between a first voltage potential and a second voltage potential and in response outputs a signal having a voltage between the second voltage potential and a third voltage potential. The third voltage potential is higher than the first and second voltage potentials with respect to ground.

Abstract: In a first pair of stacked PMOS devices comprising a first PMOS device and a second PMOS device, the first pumping circuit is coupled between a gate of the first PMOS device and a P pre-driver signal. In a second pair of stacked NMOS devices comprising a first NMOS device and a second NMOS device, the second pumping circuit is coupled between a gate of the first NMOS device and an N pre-driver signal. The pumping circuits recognizing the transition from the pre-driver signals provide a voltage to the gate of the first PMOS device and of the first NMOS device so that the first PMOS and NMOS devices are turned on better. As a result, their voltage Vds peaks are suppressed to a safe level; the devices avoid hot-carrier degradations; and their lifetimes are prolonged.