Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for operating a memory system. The method includes providing a logical block management table, wherein the logical block management table includes a first sequence corresponding to identities of M first logical blocks, the identities of the M first logical blocks are constructed as a ring queue, and allocation states of the M first logical blocks are managed through the logical block management table. The method may include allocating, according to an order of the identities of the M first logical blocks in the ring queue, one first logical block whose allocation state is a first state representing an unallocated state to one second logical block among N second logical blocks. The method may include updating the allocation state of the first logical block in the logical block management table from the first state to a second state representing an allocated state.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses example memory systems and operating methods thereof, and electronic systems. An example memory system includes a memory device and a controller coupled to the memory device. The controller is configured to receive a read command from a host, access a corresponding region of the memory device according to the read command, update hotness information of the corresponding region in a hotness table, determine one or more active regions based on the hotness information of regions in the hotness table, and send mapping information corresponding to the one or more active regions to the host. The hotness information includes a number of times a region is accessed by read commands from the host. The mapping information includes a mapping relationship table from logical address to physical address.

Abstract: In some examples of the present disclosure, a ring queue may be constructed according to a number of first logical blocks, and the number of elements of the ring queue may be the same as the number of first logical blocks. For example, a first input first output (FIFO) ring queue with a depth of M is initialized to manage the resource of the first logical block. Each element in the ring queue can store an identity of a corresponding first logical block and an allocation state of the first logical block, for example, a first element of the ring queue stores an identity (ID=1) of a first one of the first logical blocks, . . . , a M-th element stores an identity (ID=M) of a M-th one of the first logical blocks, and an initial allocation state of each first logical block may be configured as the unallocated first state.

Abstract: A sheathing system that envelops a building structure includes a multi-layer panel having at least one structural layer formed of a non-wood material, such as polycarbonate. The panel also includes at least one layer of a high R-value insulation material. The insulation layer includes a coated insulation product with a reduced fluorinated blowing agent concentration, while maintaining acceptable thermal properties. The coated insulation product includes a foam product that is coated with a barrier coating. The barrier coating includes a polymer having a minimum degree of crystallinity and at least one additive.

Abstract: A sheathing system that envelops a building structure includes a multi-layer panel having at least one structural layer formed of a non-wood material, such as polycarbonate. The panel also includes at least one layer of a high R-value insulation material.

Abstract: A sheathing system that envelops a building structure includes a multi-layer panel having at least one structural layer formed of a non-wood material, such as polycarbonate. The panel also includes at least one layer of a high R-value insulation material. The insulation layer includes a coated insulation product with a reduced fluorinated blowing agent concentration, while maintaining acceptable thermal properties. The coated insulation product includes a foam product that is coated with a barrier coating. The barrier coating includes a polymer having a minimum degree of crystallinity and at least one additive.

Abstract: An example memory system is provided and includes a memory device and a memory controller. The memory controller includes a buffer and supports a host performance boost mode. The memory controller is configured to: back up the data related to the host performance boost mode in the first memory area of the buffer to a second memory area, in response to the memory controller entering the power-saving mode; the first memory area is in a power-down state when the memory controller being in the power-saving mode, and the second memory area is able to retain the data stored in the second memory area when the memory controller is in the power-saving mode; restore the data related to the host performance boost mode in the second memory area to the first memory area, in response to exiting the power-saving mode.

Abstract: A memory system includes: a memory device and a memory controller coupled with the memory device, wherein the memory device includes a plurality of first subregions storing mapping data; the memory controller is coupled with a host; the host includes a plurality of second subregions corresponding to the plurality of first subregions; the mapping data includes a logical address to physical address mapping relationship; logical address ranges of mapping data stored in a first subregion and a second subregion corresponding to each other are the same; the memory controller is configured to: divide the first subregion into a plurality of data units; when mapping data in a data unit is changed, label the data unit; and based on the number of the labeled data units in the first subregion, determine whether to trigger an update of mapping data in the second subregion corresponding to the first subregion.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses example memory systems and operating methods thereof, and electronic systems. An example memory system includes a memory device and a controller coupled to the memory device. The controller is configured to receive a read command from a host, access a corresponding region of the memory device according to the read command, update hotness information of the corresponding region in a hotness table, determine one or more active regions based on the hotness information of regions in the hotness table, and send mapping information corresponding to the one or more active regions to the host. The hotness information includes a number of times a region is accessed by read commands from the host. The mapping information includes a mapping relationship table from logical address to physical address.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for operating a memory system. The method includes providing a logical block management table, wherein the logical block management table includes a first sequence corresponding to identities of M first logical blocks, the identities of the M first logical blocks are constructed as a ring queue, and allocation states of the M first logical blocks are managed through the logical block management table. The method may include allocating, according to an order of the identities of the M first logical blocks in the ring queue, one first logical block whose allocation state is a first state representing an unallocated state to one second logical block among N second logical blocks. The method may include updating the allocation state of the first logical block in the logical block management table from the first state to a second state representing an allocated state.

Abstract: Asphalt-based roofing materials, such as shingles, are disclosed that include a band of a parting material. The asphalt-based roofing material includes at least one asphalt-coated substrate that defines a headlap portion and a tab portion each having opposed top and bottom surfaces; a layer of backdust applied to at least a portion of the bottom surface of the headlap portion and to at least a portion of the bottom surface of the tab portion; a release section of parting material applied to the layer of backdust, where the parting material is included in the in the range of 0.0005 kg/m2 to 1 kg/m2; and an adhesive.

Abstract: Asphalt-based roofing materials, such as shingles, are disclosed that include a band of a parting material. The asphalt-based roofing material includes at least one asphalt-coated substrate that defines a headlap portion and a tab portion each having opposed top and bottom surfaces; a layer of backdust applied to at least a portion of the bottom surface of the headlap portion and to at least a portion of the bottom surface of the tab portion; a release section of parting material applied to the layer of backdust, where the parting material is included in the in the range of 0.0005 kg/m2 to 1 kg/m2; and an adhesive.

Abstract: Roofing shingles provided herein include an asphalt-coated sheet, at least a portion of the asphalt-coated sheet comprises a plurality of granules disposed thereon. The asphalt-coated sheet includes a coating formed from an asphalt composition disposed on a substrate. The asphalt composition includes greater than about 40 wt. % of a filler, based on the weight of the total solids content of the asphalt composition, from about 0.01 wt. % to about 10 wt. % of a modifying agent selected from the group consisting of a fatty acid or salts thereof, metal hydroxide or a metal stearate, and asphalt. The resultant roofing shingle has a CD tear resistance of at least about 1,100 g as measured according to ASTM D1922 and a scrub loss of less than 0.60 g as measured according to ASTM D4977.

Abstract: A sheathing system that envelops a building structure is provided, combining lightweight structural layers and a high R-value insulation layer to provide a unique solution. The collective layers of the sheathing system offer the benefits of decreased thickness, reduced weight, improved thermal insulation, improved structural strength, improved nailability, improved fire and smoke performance, and enhanced energy efficiency. All aspects of the disclosed sheathing system can contribute to the overall improved performance and sustainability of a building structure.

Abstract: A sheathing system that envelops a building structure combines lightweight structural layers and a high R-value insulation layer. The insulation layer includes a coated insulation product formed with a low GWP blowing agent composition that is capable of achieving a 180-day R/in insulation value of at least 5. The coated insulation product includes a foam product that is coated with a barrier coating. The collective layers of the sheathing system offer the benefits of decreased thickness, reduced weight, improved thermal insulation, improved structural strength, improved nailability, improved fire performance, and enhanced energy efficiency.

Abstract: A sheathing system that envelops a building structure is provided, combining lightweight structural layers and a high R-value insulation layer. The insulation layer includes a coated insulation product with a reduced fluorinated blowing agent concentration, while maintaining acceptable thermal properties. The coated insulation product includes a foam product that is coated with a barrier coating. The barrier coating includes a polymer having a minimum degree of crystallinity and at least one additive. The collective layers of the sheathing system offer the benefits of decreased thickness, reduced weight, improved thermal insulation, improved structural strength, improved nailability, improved fire performance, and enhanced energy efficiency.

Abstract: A roofing material is provided that includes an asphalt impregnated substrate comprising a first surface defining an upper side of the shingle and an opposed a second surface defining a lower side of the shingle, wherein the substrate includes a headlap portion, a tab portion, and a nail zone situated between the headlap portion and the tab portion; an adhesive on the lower side of the shingle; a plurality of granules embedded in the first asphalt coating, forming a top face that includes the granules and a partially exposed first asphalt coating; and at least one anti-stick coating located on the first surface of the shingle on at least one of the headlap portion and the tab portion.

Abstract: Asphalt-based roofing materials, such as shingles, are disclosed that include a band of a parting material. The asphalt-based roofing material includes at least one asphalt-coated substrate that defines a headlap portion and a tab portion each having opposed top and bottom surfaces; a layer of backdust applied to at least a portion of the bottom surface of the headlap portion and to at least a portion of the bottom surface of the tab portion; a release section of parting material applied to the layer of backdust, where the parting material is included in the in the range of 0.0005 kg/m2 to 1 kg/m2; and an adhesive.

Abstract: A hinge used for being installed between a door leaf and a door frame or between a sash and a window frame (7). The hinge includes a gear and rack unit and an inclined draw bar (1). The gear and rack unit is installed on the door frame or window frame (7). A gear (5) is rotatably installed on the door frame or window frame (7). A rack is located on one side of the gear (5). The gear (5) is meshed with the rack. A gear installation portion (51) is arranged on one side of the gear (5). Both ends of the inclined draw bar (1) are installed on the door leaf and door frame or the sash and window frame (7) respectively. According to the present invention, the problem that the existing hinge is unreasonably stressed and prone to damage is effectively solved.

Abstract: A method using drive test data for propagation model calibration includes: step 1, obtaining original drive test data; step 2, selecting the data from the drive test data according to predefined conditions as effective drive test data; and step 3, extracting the effective drive test data to form a data file used for propagation model calibration. An apparatus using drive test data for propagation model calibration includes: a drive test data obtaining module, configured to obtain the drive test data in the regions to be calibrated; an effective drive test data generation module, configured to generate effective drive test data from the drive test data according to predefined conditions; and a data file generation module, configured to extract the effective drive test data to form a data file used for propagation model calibration. The present invention utilizes drive test data of existing networks to largely decrease the CW test work and reduce the network building cost.