Abstract: An EGR system includes a high-pressure EGR unit and a low-pressure EGR unit. During the steady operation of an internal combustion engine, the high-pressure EGR gas and the low-pressure EGR gas are mixed with each other at a mixture ratio, in which the ratio of the high-pressure EGR gas amount to the entire EGR gas amount is higher than that in a known mixture ratio, and then recirculated back to the internal combustion engine. In the engine speed-up transitional operation period, the opening amount of a high-pressure EGR valve is adjusted to the opening amount that is much smaller than the target opening amount corresponding to the target operation mode. Thus, it is possible to suppress occurrence of the situation where the entire EGR gas amount is excessive in the period in which the low-pressure EGR gas amount does not decrease by a sufficient amount.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system includes a high-pressure EGR unit; a low-pressure EGR unit; a high-pressure EGR valve; a low-pressure EGR valve; and an EGR control unit that adjusts the opening amount of the high-pressure EGR valve to a required value for achieving the target EGR rate based on the characteristics of the exhaust gas in the low-pressure EGR passage before the operation mode is changed, and that maintains the required value during a period from when the operation mode is changed until when the low-pressure EGR gas is changed to the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine in the post-change operation mode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device using a low duty ratio driving method with a duty ratio not smaller than 1/16 is manufactured in the following manner. A first substrate is prepared having a first electrode of a predetermined shape. A second substrate is prepared having a second electrode of a shape different from said predetermined shape, the second electrode having signal line electrodes smaller in number than those of the first electrode. An insulating film having necessary insulation is formed on each of the first and second electrodes. First and second vertical alignment films are formed above the first and second substrates, respectively, the first and second vertical alignment films covering the first and second electrodes, respectively. A rubbing process is executed only for the second vertical alignment film. The first and second substrates are disposed facing each other, and liquid crystal having a negative dielectric constant anisotropy is disposed between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A crystal of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt having peaks at 2? of 9.1°, 10.3°, 13.8°, 17.7°, 18.3°, 24.0°, 27.4°, 31.2° and 39.5° (±0.2° for each) in powder X-ray diffractometry using Cu K? radiation, or a crystal of pyrroloquinoline quinone trisodium salt having peaks at 2? of 6.6°, 11.4°, 13.0°, 22.6°, 26.9°, 27.9°, 37.0°, 38.9° and 43.4° (±0.2° for each) in powder X-ray diffractometry using Cu K? radiation.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a pair of substrates each disposed on each opposing plane and having an electrode of a predetermine shape; a vertical alignment film formed covering each of the electrodes of the pair of substrates and subjected to a rubbing alignment process; an insulating film formed between the electrode and the vertical alignment film in each of the pair of substrates and having necessary insulation; and liquid crystal sandwiched between the pair of substrates and having a negative dielectric anisotropy ?? and a specific resistance ?c1 of 1.0×1014 ?cm to 1.0×1015 ?cm, wherein a structure between the electrodes is selected to satisfy conditions of T?5.2×?c1×1/(1×1012) sec and T?500 sec, where T is a charge resident time until a display image disappears completely after static electricity of 10 kV is applied between the electrodes of the pair of substrate and the display image is tuned on.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas recirculation system for an internal combustion engine, which includes a turbocharger; a high-pressure EGR unit; a low-pressure EGR unit; a high-pressure EGR valve; and a low-pressure EGR valve, first, the opening amount of the high-pressure EGR valve is controlled in a feedback manner, and, then, the opening amount of a low-pressure EGR valve is controlled in a feedback manner in a transitional operation period in which the operation mode of the internal combustion engine is changing. In this way, the intake air amount is promptly adjusted to the target intake air amount without causing hunting.

Abstract: Provided is a turbine generator system capable of sufficiently lubricating a bearing without impeding heat transmissibility of an evaporator and a condenser. The turbine generator system comprises a turbine power generation unit including a generator and a turbine for driving the generator, an evaporator which receives heat from a heat source and supplies the working medium in a vapor phase containing a lubricant to the turbine power generation unit, a condenser which condenses the working medium which has flowed through the turbine a medium feeding pump which raises a pressure of the condensed working medium and feeds the working medium to the evaporator, and a feeding passage through which the working medium extracted from the evaporator is supplied to bearings in the turbine power generation unit.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation device includes a turbocharger (5) having a turbine (5b) on an exhaust pipe (4) and a compressor (5a) on an intake pipe (3), a low-pressure EGR passage (31) connecting the exhaust pipe (4) downstream of the turbine (5b) and the intake pipe (3) upstream of the compressor (5a), and a filter (13) provided on the exhaust pipe (4) downstream of the turbine (5b). In the device, an exhaust throttle valve (19) is disposed on the exhaust pipe (4) that is downstream of the filter (13) and that is upstream of a site of connection with the low-pressure EGR passage (31).

Abstract: In an exhaust gas recirculation system for an internal combustion engine, which includes a turbocharger; a high-pressure EGR unit; a low-pressure EGR unit; a high-pressure EGR valve; and a low-pressure EGR valve, first, the opening amount of the high-pressure EGR valve is controlled in a feedback manner, and, then, the opening amount of a low-pressure EGR valve is controlled in a feedback manner in a transitional operation period in which the operation mode of the internal combustion engine is changing. In this way, the intake air amount is promptly adjusted to the target intake air amount without causing hunting.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to control the discharge amount of unburned fuel components in the internal combustion engine. According the present invention, the number of times of execution of sub fuel injection is changed based on the operation range within which the operation state of the internal combustion engine falls so that the lower the engine load of the internal combustion engine is, and the lower the number of engine revolutions of the internal combustion engine is, the more the number of times of execution of sub fuel injection is increased. Furthermore, the lower the atmospheric pressure is, the lower the temperature of the cooling water of the internal combustion engine is, or the lower the temperature of the intake air of the internal combustion engine is, the more an operation range in which the number of times of execution of sub fuel injection is large is expanded to higher loads and higher revolutions.

Abstract: An EGR system includes a high-pressure EGR passage that provides communication between an exhaust pipe, at a portion upstream of a turbine of a turbocharger, and an intake pipe, at a portion downstream of a compressor; a low-pressure EGR passage that provides communication between the exhaust pipe, at a portion downstream of the turbine, and the intake passage, at a portion upstream of the compressor; and an exhaust gas catalyst provided upstream of a position at which the low-pressure EGR passage is connected to the exhaust pipe.

Abstract: An EGR system includes a high-pressure EGR unit and a low-pressure EGR unit. During the steady operation of an internal combustion engine, the high-pressure EGR gas and the low-pressure EGR gas are mixed with each other at a mixture ratio, in which the ratio of the high-pressure EGR gas amount to the entire EGR gas amount is higher than that in a known mixture ratio, and then recirculated back to the internal combustion engine. In the engine speed-up transitional operation period, the opening amount of a high-pressure EGR valve is adjusted to the opening amount that is much smaller than the target opening amount corresponding to the target operation mode. Thus, it is possible to suppress occurrence of the situation where the entire EGR gas amount is excessive in the period in which the low-pressure EGR gas amount does not decrease by a sufficient amount.

Abstract: A method of measuring the binding activity of a test compound to a splicing factor 3b (SF3b), which comprises the following steps of: (a) contacting a labeled pladienolide compound and a test compound with a cell or a cell fraction; and (b) measuring the distribution of the bound labeled compound. The method enables to screen for a novel active compound capable of acting on (binding to) a pladienolide target molecule or the like.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system includes a high-pressure EGR unit; a low-pressure EGR unit; a high-pressure EGR valve; a low-pressure EGR valve; and an EGR control unit that adjusts the opening amount of the high-pressure EGR valve to a required value for achieving the target EGR rate based on the characteristics of the exhaust gas in the low-pressure EGR passage before the operation mode is changed, and that maintains the required value during a period from when the operation mode is changed until when the low-pressure EGR gas is changed to the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine in the post-change operation mode.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation device includes a turbocharger (5) having a turbine (5b) on an exhaust pipe (4) and a compressor (5a) on an intake pipe (3), a low-pressure EGR passage (31) connecting the exhaust pipe (4) downstream of the turbine (5b) and the intake pipe (3) upstream of the compressor (5a), and a filter (13) provided on the exhaust pipe (4) downstream of the turbine (5b). In the device, an exhaust throttle valve (19) is disposed on the exhaust pipe (4) that is downstream of the filter (13) and that is upstream of a site of connection with the low-pressure EGR passage (31).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device using a low duty ratio driving method with a duty ratio not smaller than 1/16 is manufactured in the following manner. A first substrate is prepared having a first electrode of a predetermined shape. A second substrate is prepared having a second electrode of a shape different from said predetermined shape, the second electrode having signal line electrodes smaller in number than those of the first electrode. An insulating film having necessary insulation is formed on each of the first and second electrodes. First and second vertical alignment films are formed above the first and second substrates, respectively, the first and second vertical alignment films covering the first and second electrodes, respectively. A rubbing process is executed only for the second vertical alignment film. The first and second substrates are disposed facing each other, and liquid crystal having a negative dielectric constant anisotropy is disposed between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a pair of substrates each disposed on each opposing plane and having an electrode of a predetermine shape; a vertical alignment film formed covering each of the electrodes of the pair of substrates and subjected to a rubbing alignment process; an insulating film formed between the electrode and the vertical alignment film in each of the pair of substrates and having necessary insulation; and liquid crystal sandwiched between the pair of substrates and having a negative dielectric anisotropy ?? and a specific resistance ?c1 of 1.0×1014 ?cm to 1.0×1015 ?cm, wherein a structure between the electrodes is selected to satisfy conditions of T?5.2×?c1×1/(1×1012) sec and T?500 sec, where T is a charge resident time until a display image disappears completely after static electricity of 10 kV is applied between the electrodes of the pair of substrate and the display image is tuned on.

Abstract: There is provided a mobile terminal device for processing icon image information corresponding an icon whose selection has been detected and continuously displaying the icon image according to the new icon image information. Here, the icon image which has been processed after the display end is erased and not held in the mobile terminal device. Accordingly, a small memory of the mobile terminal device is not used by them. Moreover, the icon whose selection is detected may be processed only partially. Furthermore, among the icon image information corresponding to the icon detected, information indicating the color of the icon or information indicating the luminance may be entirely or partially changed so as to realize the variety of display.

Abstract: A method for simply and efficiently separating substances by utilizing a specific flow behavior in a non-turbulent flow, i.e. a laminar flow, in a micro-channel is disclosed. A mixed solution containing at least two kinds of solute molecules which are different from each other in molecular weight and/or molecular sharp, or at least two kinds of solutions containing their respective solute molecules are flowed into a micro-channel to form a non-turbulent flow. A physical action is given to each molecule by changing the state of flow, thereby causing different behaviors among the different solute molecules. By utilizing this behavior difference, molecules of a specific kind are gathered in a specific region in the channel for separation.

Abstract: A method of chemically reacting two or more reactants which react one another, which comprises fixing molecules of the reactants to fluids and supplying them to a microchannel to efficiently conduct the chemical reaction based on the molecular structure or molecular orientation imparted to the microchannel or on the function of changing the distributed state of molecules in a solution.