Abstract: The invention relates to a cryogenic process for recovering valuable components, in particular hydrogen, from a hydrogen-rich feed gas, in particular a hydrogen-rich natural gas, comprising the following steps: in a first separation column (T1), hydrocarbons having two or more carbon atoms are separated off, in a second separation column (T2), methane is separated off, and in a third separation column (T3) nitrogen is separated off, the hydrogen-rich feed gas, after optional precleaning R, being fed to the separation columns T1 to T3 according to steps a) to c) and being separated in the separation columns into a liquid fraction, the bottom product, and a gas fraction, the overhead product. In the cryogenic process according to the invention, the cold supply preferably takes place at least partially through one or more refrigeration cycles.

Abstract: A method is described for separating off trace components from a fraction (1) containing at least nitrogen and helium, wherein this fraction is partially condensed (E) before enrichment of the helium. The partially condensed fraction (2) is fed at least in part to at least one separation column (T) and separated therein into a helium-rich gas fraction (6) and a nitrogen-rich liquid fraction which also contains the unwanted trace components (5).

Abstract: A method is described for separating off trace components from a fraction (1) containing at least nitrogen and helium, wherein this fraction is partially condensed (E) before enrichment of the helium. The partially condensed fraction (2) is fed at least in part to at least one separation column (T) and separated therein into a helium-rich gas fraction (6) and a nitrogen-rich liquid fraction which also contains the unwanted trace components (5).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction (1, 1?) which contains substantially methane, hydrogen and nitrogen. In the inventive method, before the liquefaction (V) of the hydrocarbon-rich fraction (1, 1?), the hydrogen (2) is removed (M) by permeation. This removal (M) of the hydrogen (2) by permeation is effected in a single-stage or multistage removal process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for separating off nitrogen and lighter components, in particular hydrogen, carbon monoxide, neon and argon, from a feed fraction (e.g., natural gas) that is to be liquefied containing at least methane, nitrogen and hydrogen. The cooling and liquefaction of the feed fraction proceeds against the refrigerant or mixed refrigerant of at least one refrigeration cycle. In the inventive method, the feed fraction (1) is partially condensed (E1), and separated in at least one rectification column (T) into a methane-rich fraction (6) and a fraction (4) containing nitrogen and lighter components. The methane-rich fraction (6) is subcooled. Additionally, cooling of the top condenser (E2) of the rectification column (T) proceeds via a refrigerant or mixed refrigerant or a substream of the refrigerant or mixed refrigerant of at least one, refrigeration cycle (20-24).

Abstract: A process is proposed for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction (A), especially natural gas, by a) liquefying the hydrocarbon-rich fraction (A) against the coolant mixture of a cooling circuit, b) compressing the coolant mixture in at least two stages (C1, C2), c) partially condensing (E1) the compressed coolant mixture (2) at least downstream of the penultimate compressor stage (C1), d) compressing (C2) the lower-boiling gas fraction (2?) obtained to the final pressure, e) while cooling (E) the first higher-boiling liquid fraction (3) obtained, expanding it (a) to perform cooling and vaporizing it (E) against the hydrocarbon-rich fraction (A) to be cooled, f) partially condensing (E2) the coolant mixture fraction (4) compressed to the final pressure and separating the first lower-boiling gas fraction (5) obtained, after partial condensation (E), into a second lower-boiling gas fraction (7) and a second higher-boiling liquid fraction (6), and g) liquefying and subcooling (E) the second lower-boiling gas fra

Abstract: For liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, in particular natural gas, the hydrocarbon-rich fraction which is to be liquefied is merely cooled and liquefied against a coolant mixture, and the coolant mixture, before its cooling, is separated into a gas phase and a liquid phase, and wherein the gas (5) and the liquid phases (6) are cooled (E) separately and not until after cooling (E) has been performed are they expanded (a, b) and recombined (8).

Abstract: A process for separating a helium-rich fraction from a liquefied natural gas stream, is disclosed. In an embodiment, the process includes expansion of a liquefied natural gas stream and separation of the helium-rich fraction. The helium-rich fraction is heated countercurrent to a natural gas stream to be cooled and liquefied. The natural gas stream liquefied in a heat exchange countercurrent to the helium-rich fraction to be heated is fed prior to and/or in the separation of the helium-rich fraction. The total enthalpy of the mixture of the two aforementioned natural gas streams brought to the separation of the helium-rich fraction is variable.

Abstract: A method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream is disclosed. In an embodiment, the hydrocarbon-rich stream is liquefied in a heat exchanger countercurrent to a three component refrigerant mixture. The refrigerant mixture is compressed in a two stage compressor. The refrigerant mixture is separated into a higher boiling fraction and a lower boiling fraction. A fluid fraction is recovered from a partial stream of the lower boiling fraction. The fluid fraction is supercooled and expanded to a pressure of the higher boiling fraction and the fluid fraction is provided to a compressor stage to which the higher boiling fraction is taken.

Abstract: A process for simultaneous recovery of a pure helium and a pure nitrogen fraction from a feed stream containing at least methane, nitrogen and helium, is disclosed. The feed stream is partially condensed and separated into a helium-rich gas fraction and a nitrogen- and methane-rich liquid fraction. The helium-rich gas fraction is conveyed to a purification stage in which a pure helium fraction is recovered by adsorption, permeation and/or rectification. At least one partial stream of the nitrogen- and methane-rich liquid fraction is taken to a rectification process for recovery of a pure nitrogen fraction.

Abstract: A method for separating hydrogen, helium and/or neon from a nitrogen-rich liquid fraction present at a pressure of at least 10 bar is disclosed. The nitrogen-rich liquid fraction is expanded and undergoes phase separation where expansion takes place at a pressure which allows separation of hydrogen, helium and/or neon except for residues of less than 20 ppmV.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sleeping device, such as a mattress, quilt or pillow, wherein the sleeping device is adapted to be used by a person during rest and comprises a core element, wherein said core element is covered by a first layer of a material having temperature regulating properties by absorbing and releasing heat and a second layer of down. By using a material with temperature regulating properties together with a layer of down filling, very good properties of minimizing temperature variations are obtained.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon-rich flow, such as a natural gas flow, is liquefied by means of an open expander process, where the peak coldness required for the liquefaction and the supercooling of the hydrocarbon-rich flow takes place in that the hydrocarbon-rich flow to be liquefied is liquefied and supercooled in one or more heat exchangers, such as plate heat exchangers, against an expanded partial flow of the liquefied and supercooled hydrocarbon-rich flow. The peak coldness for the liquefaction and supercooling of the hydrocarbon-rich flow is generated by the expansion of at least two partial flows of the at least partially liquefied hydrocarbon-rich flow, the partial flows being evaporated at different pressures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sleeping device, such as a pillow, mattress or quilt, wherein the sleeping device is adapted to be used by a person during rest and comprises a first layer of a material having temperature regulating properties and a second layer of down filling. By using a material with temperature regulating properties together with a layer of down filling, very good properties of minimizing temperature variations are obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sleeping device, such as a pillow, mattress or quilt, wherein the sleeping device is adapted to be used by a person during rest and comprises a first layer of a material having temperature regulating properties and a second layer of down filling. By using a material with temperature regulating properties together with a layer of down filling, very good properties of minimizing temperature variations are obtained.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing prepolymers containing isocyanate groups and urethane groups. The inventive method comprises the following steps a) at least one polyisocyanate having a stoichiometric deficit of at least one t compound is reacted with at least two hydrogen atoms reacting with isocyanate groups, and b) the reaction product from step a) is distilled by means of a molecular evaporator.

Abstract: A system for regulating braking power in a braking system with self-acting brake intervention wherein the wheels at the front and rear axles are stopped in the event that the vehicle is parked. The braking power (BVA) at the wheels of the front axle is reduced during a steering operation, in order to reduce the steering power. At the same time, the braking power (BHA) at the rear axle of the vehicle is increased, in order to safely hold the vehicle in a parked position.

Abstract: To separate light organic fractions from waste which has undergone pretreatment consisting of precomminution, ferrous-metal separation, postcomminution, further ferrous-metal separation, drying and nonferrous-metal separation, multiple, preferably so-called zigzag air classifiers are arranged in cascading stages and are passed through sequentially by the material stream to be separated. The upward-stream speed of the air is adjusted in stages in the individual air classifiers such that the first air classifier receives the smallest and the last air-classifier the highest air speed. As a result, first the fine, then the medium and lastly the large organic light fractions are discharged to the top in sequence from each air-classifier stage. The separated organic light fractions represent fuel components of high calorific value. The remaining bottom-discharge from the air classifier group consists of a mixture of heavy organic fractions and minerals.

Abstract: Method for the liquefaction of a hydrocarbon-rich gas stream containing aromatic and heavy hydrocarbons, in particular a natural gas stream, where, prior to the liquefaction, a separation of the aromatic and the heavy hydrocarbons, in particular the C.sub.5+ hydrocarbons, comprisesa) a fraction (9, 11, 14) containing heavy hydrocarbons is admixed to the hydrocarbon-rich gas stream (1) to be liquefied,b) this mixed fraction (1, 2) is supplied to a separator (D),c) a gas fraction (3) freed of aromatic and heavy hydrocarbons is withdrawn from separator (D) and liquefied (E2), andd) a liquid fraction (5) enriched with aromatic and heavy hydrocarbons is withdrawn from separator (D).

Abstract: Intermediate storage of the refrigerant of a refrigerant circuit in which the refrigerant is compressed, cooled and at least partially liquefied, expanded for refrigeration purposes and heated and vaporized in heat exchange with the process flow to be cooled, is performed by delivering refrigerant components which condense on the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit at ambient temperature to a separator and storing them in the latter for the interim. Liquid refrigerant components within the cold area of the refrigerant circuit are routed to a high pressure storage tank and stored therein for the interim.