Abstract: Apparatus and methods for compensating for the movement of a substrate in a lithographic apparatus during a pulse of radiation include providing a pivotable mirror configured to move a patterned radiation beam incident on the substrate in substantial synchronism with the substrate.

Abstract: A heater assembly is described for mounting around a fluid flow channel in an injection molding apparatus. In one version, the heater assembly comprises: an inner tube made of a first heat conductive material having a first coefficient of thermal expansion, the inner tube having a selected longitudinal length, an inner surface, an outer surface; and a first ring having an inner surface engaged around the outer surface of the inner tube along a short selected length of the longitudinal length of the inner tube. The ring comprises a second material having a second coefficient of thermal expansion that is less than the first coefficient of thermal expansion. The assembly also has a heater mechanism that heats the inner tube to a selected elevated temperature. Alternatively, the ring can be made from a shape memory alloy that causes the ring to reduce in diameter when the ring is heated above a threshold temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sleeping device, such as a mattress, quilt or pillow, wherein the sleeping device is adapted to be used by a person during rest and comprises a core element, wherein said core element is covered by a first layer of a material having temperature regulating properties by absorbing and releasing heat and a second layer of down. By using a material with temperature regulating properties together with a layer of down filling, very good properties of minimizing temperature variations are obtained.

Abstract: A hot runner system for injecting plastics material from a plasticizer unit into an injection mold for molding very small plastic devices, includes a hot runner manifold having an inlet for receiving melted plastics material from the plasticizer unit and a heater for maintaining the manifold at an elevated temperature. A check valve mounted in the manifold allows one way flow of the plastic in the feed conduit. This valve preferably comprises a ball type valve. A metering apparatus includes a cylinder forming an elongate metering chamber and a ram movable therein. An inner end of the chamber opens into one side of the feed conduit downstream of the check valve and the longitudinal axis of the chamber is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conduit where they meet. At least one injector is connected to a downstream end of the feed conduit and it is spaced from the metering apparatus.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon-rich flow, such as a natural gas flow, is liquefied by means of an open expander process, where the peak coldness required for the liquefaction and the supercooling of the hydrocarbon-rich flow takes place in that the hydrocarbon-rich flow to be liquefied is liquefied and supercooled in one or more heat exchangers, such as plate heat exchangers, against an expanded partial flow of the liquefied and supercooled hydrocarbon-rich flow. The peak coldness for the liquefaction and supercooling of the hydrocarbon-rich flow is generated by the expansion of at least two partial flows of the at least partially liquefied hydrocarbon-rich flow, the partial flows being evaporated at different pressures.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus patterns a projection beam of radiation using a patterning system. A substrate is supported on a substrate table and the patterned beam is projected onto the substrate on the table. A substrate displacement control system displaces the substrate relative to the table and the projection system in a predetermined direction, such that the patterned beam is scanned across the substrate. The position of the substrate relative to the table and the patterned beam is determined by the displacement control system. The displacement control system comprises at least one component that is displaceable with the substrate and a positioning apparatus to place that component in contact with the substrate, such that the component is displaced with the substrate as the projection beam is scanned across the substrate and such that the component is lifted from the substrate after the projection beams has been scanned across the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sleeping device, such as a pillow, mattress or quilt, wherein the sleeping device is adapted to be used by a person during rest and comprises a first layer of a material having temperature regulating properties and a second layer of down filling. By using a material with temperature regulating properties together with a layer of down filling, very good properties of minimizing temperature variations are obtained.

Abstract: A positioning device for positioning an object is presented. The positioning device comprises a first drive unit and a second drive unit for positioning the object. The first drive unit has a first part connected to the object and a second part connected to a first part of the second drive unit. The positioning device further comprises a permanent magnet system constructed and arranged to provide at least part of the force for accelerating or decelerating the object.

Abstract: A positioning device for positioning an object inside a lithographic apparatus is described. The positioning device comprises a first drive unit and a second drive unit for positioning the object. The first drive unit has a first part connected to the object and a second part connected to a first part of the second drive unit. The positioning device further comprises a permanent magnet system constructed and arranged to provide at least part of the force for accelerating or decelerating the object.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sleeping device, such as a pillow, mattress or quilt, wherein the sleeping device is adapted to be used by a person during rest and comprises a first layer of a material having temperature regulating properties and a second layer of down filling. By using a material with temperature regulating properties together with a layer of down filling, very good properties of minimizing temperature variations are obtained.

Abstract: A movable stage system capable of operating in a lithographic apparatus, is presented. The movable stage system includes a base, a platform that is movable relative to the base, a balance mass that is movable relative to the base and is configured to compensate for forces generated by a movement of the platform, and a drive mechanism configured to move the platform and the balance mass relative to the base. The drive mechanism comprises at least one belt transmission that couples the platform and the balance mass such that when the platform moves along a direction, the balance mass is moved in an at least partially opposite direction, and a driving device configured to mechanically engage the balance mass or the platform to directly drive the platform or the balance mass.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing prepolymers containing isocyanate groups and urethane groups. The inventive method comprises the following steps a) at least one polyisocyanate having a stoichiometric deficit of at least one t compound is reacted with at least two hydrogen atoms reacting with isocyanate groups, and b) the reaction product from step a) is distilled by means of a molecular evaporator.

Abstract: A heater assembly is described for mounting around a fluid flow channel in an injection molding apparatus. In one version, the heater assembly comprises: an inner tube made of a first heat conductive material having a first coefficient of thermal expansion, the inner tube having a selected longitudinal length, an inner surface, an outer surface; and a first ring having an inner surface engaged around the outer surface of the inner tube along a short selected length of the longitudinal length of the inner tube. The ring comprises a second material having a second coefficient of thermal expansion that is less than the first coefficient of thermal expansion. The assembly also has a heater mechanism that heats the inner tube to a selected elevated temperature. Alternatively, the ring can be made from a shape memory alloy that causes the ring to reduce in diameter when the ring is heated above a threshold temperature.

Abstract: A system for regulating braking power in a braking system with self-acting brake intervention wherein the wheels at the front and rear axles are stopped in the event that the vehicle is parked. The braking power (BVA) at the wheels of the front axle is reduced during a steering operation, in order to reduce the steering power. At the same time, the braking power (BHA) at the rear axle of the vehicle is increased, in order to safely hold the vehicle in a parked position.

Abstract: To separate light organic fractions from waste which has undergone pretreatment consisting of precomminution, ferrous-metal separation, postcomminution, further ferrous-metal separation, drying and nonferrous-metal separation, multiple, preferably so-called zigzag air classifiers are arranged in cascading stages and are passed through sequentially by the material stream to be separated. The upward-stream speed of the air is adjusted in stages in the individual air classifiers such that the first air classifier receives the smallest and the last air-classifier the highest air speed. As a result, first the fine, then the medium and lastly the large organic light fractions are discharged to the top in sequence from each air-classifier stage. The separated organic light fractions represent fuel components of high calorific value. The remaining bottom-discharge from the air classifier group consists of a mixture of heavy organic fractions and minerals.

Abstract: A device for coupling two pipe sections comprises a clamping band of U-shaped cross-section with two inwardly directed flanges for encompassing end beads of the pipe sections which are to be coupled. The ends of the clamping band have cylindrical pockets each accommodating a cylindrical element which is rotatable about its own axis in the pocket. The clamping band is clamped by means of a threaded screw which is passed through an unthreaded hole in one cylindrical element and unthreaded holes in the ends of the clamping band, whereupon the screw is in threaded engagement with the other cylindrical element.

Abstract: Method for the liquefaction of a hydrocarbon-rich gas stream containing aromatic and heavy hydrocarbons, in particular a natural gas stream, where, prior to the liquefaction, a separation of the aromatic and the heavy hydrocarbons, in particular the C.sub.5+ hydrocarbons, comprisesa) a fraction (9, 11, 14) containing heavy hydrocarbons is admixed to the hydrocarbon-rich gas stream (1) to be liquefied,b) this mixed fraction (1, 2) is supplied to a separator (D),c) a gas fraction (3) freed of aromatic and heavy hydrocarbons is withdrawn from separator (D) and liquefied (E2), andd) a liquid fraction (5) enriched with aromatic and heavy hydrocarbons is withdrawn from separator (D).

Abstract: Intermediate storage of the refrigerant of a refrigerant circuit in which the refrigerant is compressed, cooled and at least partially liquefied, expanded for refrigeration purposes and heated and vaporized in heat exchange with the process flow to be cooled, is performed by delivering refrigerant components which condense on the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit at ambient temperature to a separator and storing them in the latter for the interim. Liquid refrigerant components within the cold area of the refrigerant circuit are routed to a high pressure storage tank and stored therein for the interim.

Abstract: A pressurized hydrocarbon-rich fraction is cooled and liquefied by heat exchange with the process flows to be heated. Thereafter, the fraction is expanded in an expansion valve and introduced into a storage tank. The flash gas/boil-off gas removed from the storage tank, which optionally forms one of the process flows to be heated, is compressed in one or more stages. The throughput of the flash gas/boil-off gas compressor is kept constant at full load via the position of the expansion valve or expansion turbine controlled by means of a FIC controller. The pressure following expansion valve or expansion turbine is kept substantially constant.

Abstract: An ethane-rich fraction for refilling the refrigerant circuit, using an ethane-containing refrigerant in a process for liquefaction of a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, is obtained by removing a partial flow of liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction and supplying same to a C.sub.1 /C.sub.2 /C.sub.3+ separation column. Roughly in the middle of this C.sub.1 /C.sub.2 /C.sub.3+ separation column, an ethane-rich fraction is withdrawn and, optionally after intermediate storage in a buffer tank, is added to the ethane-containing refrigerant.