Abstract: A method of refining animal and vegetable oils and fats comprising mixing said oils and fats with an alkaline solution, admixing the resulting mixture with an acid solution, separating insoluble matter from the admixture, and, if required, treating the admixture with conventional adsorption and steam distillation techniques.

Abstract: An apparatus for diagnosing a malfunction of an electronic control system including sensors for electrically sensing conditions of sensing points of a vehicle and an electronic calculation unit for determining an energizing condition of an actuator for controlling a vehicle operation in accordance with output signals from the sensors is disclosed. The malfunction diagnosing apparatus is inserted intermediate of wires which connect the sensors or the actuator and the electronic control system, and when a voltage or current level on any wire assumes a non-steady state, the malfunction diagnosing apparatus determines that a malfunction has occurred at a portion associated with that wire and memorizes and holds the occurrence of the malfunction.

Abstract: Disclosed is an air-fuel ratio feedback control apparatus for an internal combustion engine. The engine adopts a fuel injection system and the air-fuel ratio control apparatus comprises a specific air flow meter whose output signal indicates a different amount from the actual amount of air flow sucked into the engine, and a feedback control stopping circuit. When the feedback control is stopped, the desirable air-fuel ratio is obtained.

Abstract: A perlite sound absorbing plate and a sound insulating wall constructed by arranging a number of said plates side by side and by assembling together into one integral body are disclosed. The plate is composed of a mixture including 1,000 cm.sup.3 by bulk volume of formed perlite particles each having a diameter of 0.1 to 7.0 mm, 100 to 140 g of cement, liquid rubber latex containing 5 to 20 g of solid ingredients and a suitable amount of water and produced by press molding with a compression ratio of 1.10 to 1.30. The wall is constructed by assembling a number of said plates each provided with a side groove with the aid of supporting columns and reinforcing plates, each having a ridge adapted to be engaged with the side groove of said plate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a rotary burner of the type wherein the liquid fuel (to be referred to as "the oil" hereinafter in the specification) is atomized by uniform and stable ultrasonic waves and the oil particles are prevented from being sprayed outwardly so that the non-uniform distribution of concentrations of oil particles results, whereby the uniform combustion may be ensured.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for the refining of palm type oils such as palm oil and other similar natural oils including palm kernel oil, coconut oil, and the like. The method includes adding a small quantity of phosphoric acid to a crude palm type oil, treating said oil with a small quantity of activated clay, and then subjecting said oil to steam refining of 200.degree. to 270.degree. C. with the blowing of superheated steam into the oil under high vacuum after the activated clay has been removed.

Abstract: The autoxidation resistance of an animal or vegetal fat or oil containing trace amounts of heavy metals which catalyze the autoxidation can be improved by contacting the fat or oil with solid citric, malic, or tartaric acid at a temperature below the melting point of the acid, and thereafter separating the acid particles from the fat or oil.