Abstract: Provided is an LCD device having excellent high speed responsiveness. This LCD device contains a polymer or a copolymer in a liquid crystal composition sandwiched between two transparent substrates, at least one of which has an electrode, and the content of the polymer or the copolymer is 1% by mass or greater and less than 40% by mass of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition and the polymer or the copolymer. This LCD device can be applied to various operation modes such as TN, STN, ECB, VA, VA-TN, IPS, FFS, a ? cell, OCB, and cholesteric liquid crystals.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display element includes: two transparent substrates; a liquid crystal composition sandwiched between the two transparent substrates and containing one or two or more liquid crystal compounds; and a polymer or copolymer that is included in the liquid crystal composition, the polymer or copolymer being a cured product of a polymerizable composition that contains one or two or more polymerizable compounds and a photopolymerization initiator having a maximum absorption wavelength peak at 310 nm to 380 nm. The content of the polymerizable composition is 1% by mass or more and less than 40% by mass based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition and the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal alignment layer of which a constituent member is a compound represented by the general formula (I).

Abstract: Provided is a polymer which is capable of forming a liquid crystal alignment layer that combines an excellent alignment regulating force, high sensitivity with respect to polarized ultraviolet ray, and excellent durability. The polymer includes a side chain unit represented General Formula (I) and a side chain unit represented by General Formula (II), in which a polyamic acid or a polyimide is set as a main chain.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal alignment layer of which a constituent member is a compound represented by the general formula (I).

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal alignment layer of which a constituent member is a polymer represented by the general formula (I).

Abstract: Provided is an LCD device having excellent high speed responsiveness. This LCD device contains a polymer or a copolymer in a liquid crystal composition sandwiched between two transparent substrates, at least one of which has an electrode, and the content of the polymer or the copolymer is 1% by mass or greater and less than 40% by mass of the total mass of the liquid crystal composition and the polymer or the copolymer. This LCD device can be applied to various operation modes such as TN, STN, ECB, VA, VA-TN, TPS, FFS, a ? cell, OCB, and cholesteric liquid crystals.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal alignment layer of which a constituent member is a compound represented by the general formula (I).

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal alignment layer of which a constituent member is a compound represented by the general formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to materials used for aligning liquid crystals of liquid crystal display elements and to a polymer for use in liquid crystal vertical alignment layer used in producing a liquid crystal vertical alignment layer. The polymer for use in a liquid crystal vertical alignment layer includes (a) a moiety that is photochemically isomerizable but not photochemically crosslinked, (b) a moiety that is photochemically crosslinkable, and (c) a moiety that stabilizes a vertical alignment. The polymer can be used to produce a vertical alignment layer that has a liquid crystal alignment property enabling control of alignment at a low UV dose and that offers a large pretilt angle and superior optical stability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of uniformizing output light from a liquid crystal display element and a liquid crystal display element in which output light is uniformized. The method of uniformizing output light of a liquid crystal display element includes: using a composition containing nanoparticles with an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 100 nm as a liquid crystal composition included in a liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal display element having the liquid crystal layer interposed between a pair of substrates, and uniformizing light output from the liquid crystal display element. The present invention also provides a liquid crystal display element obtained by applying the method of uniformizing output light.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal alignment layer of which a constituent member is a polymer represented by the general formula (I).

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal alignment layer of which a constituent member is a compound represented by the general formula (I).

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal alignment layer of which a constituent member is a compound represented by the general formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to materials used for aligning liquid crystals of liquid crystal display elements and to a polymer for use in liquid crystal vertical alignment layer used in producing a liquid crystal vertical alignment layer. The polymer for use in a liquid crystal vertical alignment layer includes (a) a moiety that is photochemically isomerizable but not photochemically crosslinked, (b) a moiety that is photochemically crosslinkable, and (c) a moiety that stabilizes a vertical alignment. The polymer can be used to produce a vertical alignment layer that has a liquid crystal alignment property enabling control of alignment at a low UV dose and that offers a large pretilt angle and superior optical stability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nematic liquid crystal composition suitable for a bistable nematic liquid crystal display. A bistable nematic liquid crystal display having a wide nematic phase temperature range and operating temperature range can be obtained by using a nematic liquid crystal composition comprising at least 20% by weight of a specific liquid crystal compound (A) having a polar group and 5 to 50% by weight of a specific liquid crystal compound (B) not having a polar group, along with comprising, in the compound (B), at least 3% by weight of a specific liquid crystal compound having a alkenyl group.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention includes at least 20% by weight of one, or two or more compounds selected from compound group A; and 5 to 50% by weight of one, or two or more compounds selected from compound group B, wherein the relative proportions of the above-mentioned compounds used in the nematic liquid crystal composition is determined to simultaneously obtain the specific physical characteristics for the composition, and an anchoring breaking voltage U?/4 is less than or equal to 25 V when the product (?n·d) of the refractive index anisotropy (?n) at 20° C. and the thickness (d) is 140 nm and the liquid crystal composition is confined between two substrates for a bistable nematic liquid crystal display in which at least one of the substrates have a weak zenithal anchoring force.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention includes at least 20% by weight of one, or two or more compounds selected from compound group A; and 5 to 50% by weight of one, or two or more compounds selected from compound group B, wherein the relative proportions of the above-mentioned compounds used in the nematic liquid crystal composition is determined to simultaneously obtain the specific physical characteristics for the composition, and an anchoring breaking voltage U?/4 is less than or equal to 25 V when the product (?n·d) of the refractive index anisotropy (?n) at 20° C. and the thickness (d) is 140 nm and the liquid crystal composition is confined between two substrates for a bistable nematic liquid crystal display in which at least one of the substrates have a weak zenithal anchoring force.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nematic liquid crystal composition suitable for a bistable nematic liquid crystal display. A bistable nematic liquid crystal display having a wide nematic phase temperature range and operating temperature range can be obtained by using a nematic liquid crystal composition comprising at least 20% by weight of a specific liquid crystal compound (A) having a polar group and 5 to 50% by weight of a specific liquid crystal compound (B) not having a polar group, along with comprising, in the compound (B), at least 3% by weight of a specific liquid crystal compound having a alkenyl group.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric constant anisotropy, comprising one or more compounds selected from the compounds represented by (IA) and (IB) of 10-70% by mass, one or more compounds selected from the compounds represented by (IIA) to (IID) of 10-70% by mass, the total content of one or more compounds selected from the compounds represented by (IA) to (IID) being 35-80% by mass, and a compound represented by (III) of 20-65% by mass: wherein R1 to R14 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, etc.; Z1 to Z11 each independently represents a single bond, etc.; Z1 to Z6 and Z9 to Z11 each independently represents —CF2O—, etc.; l and m represent 0 or 1; rings A, B, C and D represent a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, etc.; and rings B, C and D represent a trans-1,4-cyclohexenylene group.