Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents a straight chain alkyl group having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms; ##STR2## represents ##STR3## represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; and ##STR4## has a trans (equatorial-equatorial) configuration, is disclosed. The compound of formula (I) exhibits a nematic phase in the vicinity of room temperature or in a temperature range higher than room temperature and has a small optical anisotropy and a positive dielectric anisotropy and is, therefore, useful in preparing a liquid crystal display cell excellent in viewing-angle characteristics.

Abstract: An optically active compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents a straight chain alkyl group having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms; R' represents a straight chain alkyl or alkoxy group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; C represents an asymmetric carbon atom; A represents ##STR2## and X and Y each represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, provided that X and Y do not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom. The compound (I) reduces a temperature dependence of the threshold voltage of a nematic liquid crystal composition when added thereto in a small amount.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound of the general formula ##STR1## R and R', independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group havng 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxymethylene group whose alkoxy moiety has 1 t 10 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a halogen atom, and n and m, independently from each other, represent 0 to 1.

Abstract: A tetracyclic nematic liquid crystal compound of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a straight-chained alkyl group carrying one to seven carbon atoms; and ##STR2## has a trans (equatorial-equatorial) configuration; is disclosed. This compound has a high N-I transition temperature and a low S-N transition temperature and is highly useful as an electro-optical display material.

Abstract: Optically active tolan compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' are straight chain alkyl and n is 0 or 1, are useful in the preparation of liquid crystalline materials capable of effectively preventing cross-talk due to temperature changes in high level, multiplexing driving systems.

Abstract: A nematic methyltolan of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R' each represents independently a straight-chained alkyl group with 1 to 9 carbon atoms; n is an integer of 1 or 2; and ##STR2## has a trans (equatorial-equatorial) configuration.

Abstract: An optically active benzoic ester derivative represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a straight chain alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R' represents a straight chain alkyl group having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms; rings A and B each represents ##STR2## or a trans-1,4-cyclohexane ring; n represents 0 or 1; and C represents an asymmetric carbon atoms. The compounds of formula (I) are capable of providing a chiral nematic liquid crystal composition having a short spiral pitch when added to a nematic liquid crystal composition in a small amount and are useful in the production of SBE display devices having excellent performances in a high level multiplexing driving system.

Abstract: A novel optically active compound of the formula ##STR1## is capable of forming a chiral nematic liquid crystal composition having short spiral pitch by adding a small amount of it to a generally nematic liquid crystal composition. The compound of this invention is useful in the manufacture of SBE display device which is excellent especially in high level multiplexing driving system.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## represents ##STR3## R and R', independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxymethylene group whose alkoxy moiety has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a halogen atom, and n and m, independently from each other, represent 0 or 1.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## represents ##STR3## R and R', independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxymethylene group whose alkoxy moiety has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a halogen atom, and n and m, independently from each other, represent 0 or 1.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## R and R', independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxymethylene group whose alkoxy moiety has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a halogen atom, and n and m, independently from each other, represent 0 or 1.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## R and R', independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxymethylene group whose alkoxy moiety has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a halogen atom, and n and m, independently from each other, represent 0 or 1.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R denotes a linear alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, A denotes ##STR2## denotes a linear alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and each cyclohexane ring is arranged in a trans-(equatorial-equatorial) form.

Abstract: 4-Substituted phenyl crotyl ether derivative is disclosed, which is a novel nematic liquid crystal compound having a comparatively high N-I point and which, when preparing a practically usable mixed liquid crystal having an N-I point higher than 65.degree. C. by mixing this compound with at least one other liquid crystal compound, can minimize the increase range of the viscosity of the resulting mixed liquid crystal.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein A denotes ##STR2## R and R', independently from each other, denote a linear alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and ##STR3## is a cyclohexane ring arranged in a trans(equatorial-equatorial)form.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystalline compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' each represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and the two cyclohexane rings are arranged in a trans(equatorial-equatorial) form.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crytalline compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the general formula ##STR1## compounds represented by the general formula ##STR2## compounds represented by the general formula ##STR3## and compounds represented by the general formula ##STR4## wherein R and R', independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and each cyclohexane ring is arranged in a trans(equatorial-equatorial) form. These compounds have higher nematic phaseisotropic liquid phase transition temperatures than conventional liquid crystalline compounds.

Abstract: A compound represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, n represents an integer of 1 or 2, and X represents F when n is 1 and F or Cl when n is 2.

Abstract: A 1,2-di[trans(equatorial-equatorial)cyclohexyl]-ethane derivative of the following general formula ##STR1## wherein R and R', independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.