Abstract: Disclosed are a catalyst electrode for a fuel cell, a method for fabricating the catalyst electrode, and a fuel cell including the catalyst electrode. The presence of an ionomer-ionomer support composite in the catalyst electrode prevents the porous structure of the catalyst electrode from collapsing due to oxidation of a carbon support to avoid an increase in resistance to gas diffusion and can stably secure proton channels. The presence of carbon materials with high conductivity is effective in preventing the electrical conductivity of the electrode from deterioration resulting from the use of a metal oxide in the ionomer-ionomer support composite and is also effective in suppressing collapse of the porous structure of the electrode to prevent an increase in resistance to gas diffusion in the electrode. Based on these effects, the fuel cell exhibits excellent performance characteristics and prevents its performance from deteriorating during continuous operation.

Abstract: Provided is a method of preparing palladium hydride nanoparticles having a hcp crystal structure. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method includes: (a) preparing a liquid cell containing a palladium precursor solution; (b) applying electron beams to the palladium precursor solution contained in the liquid cell; and (c) generating palladium hydride nanoparticles having the hcp crystal structure in the palladium precursor solution.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a carbon-supported platinum-transition metal alloy nanoparticle catalyst using a stabilizer. According to the method, the transition metal on the nanoparticle surface and the stabilizer are simultaneously removed by treatment with acetic acid. Therefore, the method enables the preparation of a carbon-supported platinum-transition metal alloy nanoparticle catalyst in a simple and environmentally friendly manner compared to conventional methods. The carbon-supported platinum-transition metal alloy nanoparticle catalyst can be applied as a high-performance, highly durable fuel cell catalyst.

Abstract: An aryne-grafted carbon-supported catalyst and a method of preparing the same, and particularly to a carbon-supported catalyst having an organic anchor formed on the surface of a carbon support through aryne cycloaddition in order to improve the durability of a fuel cell catalyst, and a method of preparing the same. It is possible to form a covalent bonding selectively to a carbon support of a fuel cell catalyst in a solution by using 2-(trimethylsilyl)phenyl triflate or the like. In addition, the formed anchor prevents adhesion of metal catalyst particles of a fuel cell, and thus improves the durability of a fuel cell catalyst.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing a metal single-atom catalyst for a fuel cell. The method for preparing a metal single-atom catalyst uses a relatively lower amount of chemical substances as compared to the conventional methods and thus is eco-friendly, uses no liquid through the whole process and avoids a need for additional steps for separating and/or washing the catalyst after its synthesis, thereby allowing simplification of the process, and can produce a single-atom catalyst at low cost. In addition, unlike the conventional methods having a limitation in metallic materials, the method can be applied in common regardless of types of metals, and thus is significantly advantageous in that it can be applied widely to obtain various types of metal single-atom catalysts. Further, in the method for preparing a metal single-atom catalyst, metal atoms totally participate in the reaction. Thus, the method can minimize the usage of metal to provide high cost-efficiency.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high temperature-type unitized regenerative fuel cell using water vapor, which exhibits high hydrogen (H2) production efficiency and superior power generation ability.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fuel cell catalyst and a manufacturing method thereof. The fuel cell catalyst of the present disclosure can be used to manufacture a membrane electrode assembly having a catalyst layer of high density and high dispersion by solving the problem of aggregation of catalyst particles occurring during the formation of the catalyst layer, by using a catalyst including a polydopamine-coated support. In addition, the method for manufacturing a fuel cell catalyst of the present disclosure does not require a solvent because the catalyst including the polydopamine-coated support and the halide in solid phase are simply heat-treated by solid-to-solid dry synthesis and allows manufacturing of a fuel cell catalyst in short time because a washing process using a solvent and an extraction process for sampling are unnecessary after the synthesis.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing a catalyst for a fuel cell using the blood of slaughtered livestock. The method for manufacturing a catalyst for a fuel cell using the blood of slaughtered livestock of the present disclosure allows preparation of a catalyst for a fuel cell exhibiting high redox reaction activity and very superior durability as compared to a commercially available platinum catalyst through a very simple process of purification of the blood of slaughtered livestock and hydrothermal synthesis. In addition, the method is very economical in that a catalyst is prepared using the pure blood of livestock only without an artificial additive, waste disposal cost can be reduced by recycling the blood of livestock and a high-performance catalyst capable of replacing the expensive platinum catalyst can be prepared.

Abstract: A method for preparing a carbon-supported, platinum-cobalt alloy, nanoparticle catalyst includes mixing a solution containing, in combination, a platinum precursor, a transition metal precursor consisting of a transition metal that is cobalt, carbon, a stabilizer that is oleyl amine, and a reducing agent that is sodium borohydride to provide carbon-supported, platinum-cobalt alloy nanoparticles, and washing the carbon-supported, platinum-cobalt alloy, nanoparticles using ethanol and distilled water individually or in combination followed by drying at room temperature to obtain dried carbon-supported, platinum-cobalt alloy, nanoparticles; treating the dried carbon-supported, platinum-cobalt alloy, nanoparticles with an acetic acid solution having a concentration ranging from 1-16M to provide acetic acid-treated nanoparticles, and washing the acetic acid-treated nanoparticles using distilled water followed by drying at room temperature to obtain dried acetic acid-treated nanoparticles; and heat treating the dri

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fluorine-doped tin oxide support, a platinum catalyst for a fuel cell comprising the same, and a method for producing the same. The present disclosure has a high electrical conductivity and electrochemical durability by doping fluorine to the tin oxide-based support through an electrospinning process. Thus, while resolving a degradation issue of the carbon support in the conventional commercially available platinum/carbon (Pt/C) catalyst, the present disclosure is designed to minimize an electrochemical elution of dopant or tin, which is a limitation of the tin oxide support itself and has excellent performance as a catalyst for a fuel cell.

Abstract: Disclosed are a perovskite compound, a method for producing the perovskite compound, a catalyst for a fuel cell including the perovskite compound, and a method for producing the catalyst. The perovskite compound overcomes the low stability of palladium due to its perovskite structural properties. Therefore, the perovskite compound can be used as a catalyst material for a fuel cell. In addition, the use of palladium in the catalyst instead of expensive platinum leads to an improvement in the price competitiveness of fuel cells. The catalyst is highly durable and catalytically active due to its perovskite structure.

Abstract: Disclosed are a metal single-atom catalyst and a method for preparing the same. The method uses a minimal amount of chemicals and is thus environmentally friendly compared to conventional chemical and/or physical methods. In addition, the method enables the preparation of a single-atom catalyst in a simple and economical manner without the need for further treatment such as acid treatment or heat treatment. Furthermore, the method is universally applicable to the preparation of single-atom catalysts irrespective of the kinds of metals and supports, unlike conventional methods that suffer from very limited choices of metal materials and supports. Therefore, the method can be widely utilized to prepare various types of metal single-atom catalysts. All metal atoms in the metal single-atom catalyst can participate in catalytic reactions. This optimal atom utilization achieves maximum reactivity per unit mass and can minimize the amount of the metal used, which is very economical.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing an electrode for a high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. According to the method, a catalyst slurry containing a uniformly dispersed binder is used to produce an electrode. Also disclosed are a membrane electrode assembly using the electrode and a high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell including the membrane electrode assembly. Uniform distribution of the binder leads to improvements in the performance and reproducibility of the fuel cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an oxygen electrode comprising a dual plating catalyst, a water electrolysis device and a regenerative fuel cell comprising the same, and a method for preparing the oxygen electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed are a reversible fuel cell oxygen electrode in which IrO2 is electrodeposited and formed on a porous carbon material and platinum is applied thereon to form a porous platinum layer, a reversible fuel cell including the same, and a method for preparing the same. According to the corresponding reversible fuel cell oxygen electrode, as the loading amounts of IrO2 and platinum used in the reversible fuel cell oxygen electrode can be lowered, it is possible to exhibit excellent reversible fuel cell performances (excellent fuel cell performance and water electrolysis performance) by improving the mass transport of water and oxygen while being capable of reducing the loading amounts of IrO2 and platinum. Further, it is possible to exhibit a good activity of a catalyst when the present disclosure is applied to a reversible fuel cell oxygen electrode and to reduce corrosion of carbon.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a trench defining an active region in a substrate, a first insulating layer on a bottom surface and side surfaces of the active region inside the trench, a shielding layer on a surface of the first insulating layer, the shielding layer including a plurality of spaced apart particles, a second insulating layer on the shielding layer and having first charge trapped therein, the plurality of spaced apart particles being configured to concentrate second charge having an opposite polarity to the charge trapped in the second insulating layer, and a gap-fill insulating layer on the second insulating layer in the trench.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a carbon-supported platinum-transition metal alloy nanoparticle catalyst using a stabilizer. According to the method, the transition metal on the nanoparticle surface and the stabilizer are simultaneously removed by treatment with acetic acid. Therefore, the method enables the preparation of a carbon-supported platinum-transition metal alloy nanoparticle catalyst in a simple and environmentally friendly manner compared to conventional methods. The carbon-supported platinum-transition metal alloy nanoparticle catalyst can be applied as a high-performance, highly durable fuel cell catalyst.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing a carbon-supported platinum-transition metal alloy nanoparticle catalyst. More particularly, the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a carbon-supported platinum-transition metal alloy nanoparticle catalyst using a stabilizer, the method including the steps of: (a) mixing a platinum precursor, a transition metal precursor, carbon, stabilizer and a reducing agent solution, and carrying out washing and drying to obtain carbon-supported platinum-transition metal alloy nanoparticles; (b) mixing the carbon-supported platinum-transition metal alloy nanoparticles with an acetic acid solution, and carrying out washing and drying to obtain acetic acid-treated nanoparticles; and (c) heat treating the acetic acid-treated nanoparticles.

Abstract: An aryne-grafted carbon-supported catalyst and a method of preparing the same, and particularly to a carbon-supported catalyst having an organic anchor formed on the surface of a carbon support through aryne cycloaddition in order to improve the durability of a fuel cell catalyst, and a method of preparing the same. It is possible to form a covalent bonding selectively to a carbon support of a fuel cell catalyst in a solution by using 2-(trimethylsilyl)phenyl triflate or the like. In addition, the formed anchor prevents adhesion of metal catalyst particles of a fuel cell, and thus improves the durability of a fuel cell catalyst.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices including empty spaces and methods of forming the semiconductor devices are provided. The semiconductor devices may include first and second line structures extending in a direction on a substrate, an insulating isolation pattern between the first and second line structures and a conductive structure between the first and second line structures and next to the insulating isolation pattern along the direction. The semiconductor devices may also include an empty space including a first portion between the first line structure and the conductive structure and a second portion between the first line structure and the insulating isolation pattern. The first portion of the empty space may have a height different from a height of the second portion of the empty space.