Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support, a charge generation layer containing a charge generating material, and a binder resin, on the support, and a hole transport layer containing a hole transporting material, on the charge generation layer. The charge generation layer contains an acenaphthene compound represented by the following formula: Z401 and Z402 each independently represent an oxygen atom, a ?C(CN)2 group or a ?N Ph group; and R401 and R402 each independently represented a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group. The acenaphthene compound has the structure represented by the above formula (4) is contained in the charge generation layer in an amount of from 51% by weight to 80% by weight based on the weight of the binder resin in the charge generation layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a conductive layer, an intermediate layer and a photosensitive layer in this order on a substrate, in which the conductive layer contains a binder resin and conductive particles. The conductive particles are TiO2 particles coated with oxygen-deficient SnO2, the conductive particles have an average particle size of 0.2 to 0.6 ?m and the conductive layer has a volume resistivity of 5×105 to 8×108 ?·cm. Also this invention provides a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus equipped with such electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: An apparatus for reading an image on a medium to be read using a light emitting device and a light receiving device is disclosed in which a determination is made that at least one of the light emitting device and the light receiving device malfunctions in the presence of a substantial coincidence between a consecutive number of abnormal pixels adjacent to each other and a reference value.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a conductive layer, an intermediate layer and a photosensitive layer in this order on a substrate, in which the conductive layer contains a binder resin and conductive particles. The conductive particles are TiO2 particles coated with oxygen-deficient SnO2, the conductive particles have an average particle size of 0.2 to 0.6 ?m and the conductive layer has a volume resistivity of 5×105 to 8×108 ?cm. Also this invention provides a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus equipped with such electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: An image sensor, a reading device and a method for setting a particular mode are provided. The image sensor comprises a plurality of photoelectric converting elements, for converting optical signals to electric signals; a group of channel select switches, each channel select switch arranged between a charge output unit of each channel select switch and a signal line corresponding to each photoelectric converting element, wherein the group of the channel select switches can be turned on and off sequentially synchronizing with an externally supplied clock pulse signal; and particular mode setting means, wherein when a clock pulse signal and a start signal with a fixed width are input, the particular mode setting means sets a particular mode under a specific combination pattern of the clock pulse signal and the start signal.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes a plurality of light emitting units, an activation unit, a plurality of light receiving units and a determination unit. The determination unit retrieves at least one output signal from the plurality of light receiving units in accordance with a predetermined retrieving procedure each time each of the plurality of light emitting units is activated, and determines, based on the at least one output signal, whether or not at least one of at least one of the plurality of light emitting units and at least one of the plurality of light receiving units is normal. The predetermined retrieving procedure is configured such that at least one output signal is retrieved from a part of the plurality of light receiving unite in response to an activation of at least one of the plurality of light emitting units.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a charge generation layer containing a phenanthrene compound, a phenanthroline compound or an acenaphthene compound. Also disclosed are a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus which have the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: An image scanner including a plurality of light receiving units, a signal processing device, a connector and a determination device is provided. The plurality of light receiving units receive reflected light from an object to be scanned per each pre-divided area. The signal processing device processes output signals from each of the light receiving units to generate image data. The connector is connected to a plurality of output signal lines from the light receiving units so that the output signal lines are collectively connected to the signal processing device via the connector. The determination device receives the output signals from each of the light receiving units to the signal processing device via the connector, and determines whether the output signals from the light receiving units to the signal processing device are normal based on a signal level of the output signals.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a support and a charge generation layer containing a charge-generating material and a binder resin, provided on the support, and a hole transport layer containing a hole-transporting material, provided on the charge generation layer. The charge generation lays contains a phenanthroline compound according to formula (3) discussed in the specification or an acenaphthene compound according to formula (4) discussed in the specification. Also disclosed are a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus which have the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: An image reading device includes a reference member, a reading unit, a first reference value setting unit, a detecting unit, a second reference value setting unit, a determining unit, and a pixel value setting unit. The reading unit scans an image on a document to obtain image data and scans the reference member to obtain reference data. The first reference value setting unit sets a first reference value based on the reference data. The detecting unit detects a usage state of the reading unit. The second reference value setting unit sets a second reference value in accordance with the usage state of the reading unit. The determining unit determines whether or not the first reference value is in a predetermined condition The pixel value setting unit sets a pixel value.

Abstract: An image reading device includes a clock generator, an image sensor, a plurality of switches having a first switch and a second switch, a reader, a first controller, and a second controller. The clock generator generates a first clock signal having a first cycle and a second clock signal having a second cycle shorter than the first cycle. The image sensor detects an image formed on a document to generate an image signal. The image signal is inputted into the first switch and the second switch by rotation. The first switch and the second switch is capable of switching to simultaneously or alternately output the image signal in synchronization with the first clock. The reader reads the image signal outputted from the first switch and the second switch. The first controller controls the first switch to output the image signal to the reader during a first period and to control the second switch to output the image signal to the reader during a second period.

Abstract: A solid-state image sensing device is provided which saves the effort of removing adhesives from a cover glass and is capable of reading an image without being affected by adhesive residuals. In a solid-state image sensing device, defacement of a cover glass upon the transport, etc. is prevented by having a protective film adhere to the surface of the cover glass. The adhesion section between the cover glass and the protective film is provided so as to keep clear of the front face of a light-receiving section. Therefore, after the protective film is detached, even without conventional surface processing like cleaning the cover glass, the light received by the light-receiving section entering through the cover glass is not adversely affected by residual adhesives.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a charge generation layer containing a phenanthrene compound, a phenanthroline compound or an acenaphthene compound. Also disclosed are a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus which have the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member superior in dot reproducibility and a process cartridge and an process cartridge having the electrophotographic photosensitive member are provided. Where in a light attenuation curve drawn in a way in which the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is so charged that intensity of an electric field is 15 (V/?m) to establish the surface potential of the electrophotographic photosensitive member into a given value E(V) and then exposed to light under conditions that the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a surface potential of 0.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member which has VA, VB, and d satisfying an expression (|?600?VA|?|?600?VB|)/d=0.13 and VC satisfying an expression ?5=?(?450?VC)=2 provides an excellent suppressing effect on ghost images and hardly causes a ghost phenomenon even when it is mounted on a color electrophotographic apparatus or an electrophotographic apparatus having no electrostatic removal device. The invention also relates to a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus each having such an electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member including a conductive layer, an intermediate layer and a photosensitive layer in this order on a substrate, in which the conductive layer contains a binder resin and conductive particles, wherein the conductive particles are TiO2 particles coated with oxygen-deficient SnO2, the conductive particles have an average particle size of 0.2 to 0.6 ?m and the conductive layer has a volume resistivity of 5×105 to 8×108?·cm. Also this invention provides a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus equipped with such electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: To provide: an electrophotographic photosensitive member which has VA, VB, and d satisfying an expression (|?600?VA|?|600?VB|)/d?0.13 and VC satisfying an expression ?5??(?450?VC)?2 to provide an excellent suppressing effect on a ghost and which hardly causes a ghost phenomenon even when it is mounted on a color electrophotographic apparatus or an electrophotographic apparatus having no electrostatic removal means; and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus each having the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member is disclosed which has an aluminum substrate and a photosensitive layer. The substrate contains aluminum, oxygen and titanium, or aluminum, oxygen and zirconium, at the surface portion on the side of the photosensitive layer. Also, a process for producing the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus using the photosensitive member are disclosed.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member superior in dot reproducibility and a process cartridge and an process cartridge having the electrophotographic photosensitive member are provided. Where in a light attenuation curve drawn in a way in which the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is so charged that intensity of an electric field is 15 (V/?m) to establish the surface potential of the electrophotographic photosensitive member into a given value E (V) and then exposed to light under conditions that the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a surface potential of 0.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes a transport path that is inclined downwardly as advancing from an upstream side to a downstream side, an image reading section disposed in a middle of the transport path, a cover member that is bent to cause downward inclination of a face on the downstream side of the transport path to be larger than an inclination of a face on the upstream side, a support member having a plate form, the support member disposed on a rear face of the cover member and protruding toward the upstream side from a proximity of a position where the cover member is bent in the face on the downstream side, and a pressing member in which another end is supported by the support member to cause one end to be contactable with the image reading section, thereby pressing the transported medium against the image reading section.