Abstract: A scan driver IC for an EL element in an EL display device supplies, in a positive field, a positive polarity scan voltage and an offset voltage which is higher than ground to scan side driver ICs from voltage supply circuits, and the scan side driver ICs set voltage of scan electrodes to be the offset voltage in the positive field, together with outputting the positive polarity scan voltage to the scan electrodes during electroluminescence timing. Consequently, a voltage of Vr-Vm is applied to the scan side driver ICs, and so the breakdown voltage can be lowered by an amount corresponding to the offset voltage Vm. Circuits for providing such voltages, for providing alternating current drive voltages, and for reducing power consumption of the drive circuits are also disclosed.

Abstract: An EL display driver is capable of reducing electric power consumption during driving of an EL display without a significant increase in device structure and control complexity. In a thin film EL display having scanning electrodes and data electrodes arranged orthogonally crossing one another holding an EL layer therebetween, by reversing the polarity of scanning voltages for every other field, then switching scanning electrodes (display lines) to which scanning voltages are applied, FETs for connecting a subsequent display line to a voltage supplying line are switched on where no scanning voltage is applied to a positive or negative voltage supplying line and part of an electric charge stored in an EL element for which display control is finished is directly moved to an EL element on a subsequent display line. As a result, electric power consumption for driving the EL display can be reduced.

Abstract: A hydraulic tilt and trim system for a marine outboard drive wherein the tilt and trim system includes a valve body having a pair of removable check valve assemblies which form a portion of a shuttle valve. Each removable assembly carries an annular filter element for filtering the fluid pumped through the system.

Abstract: A graphic display device for displaying image data provided from a memory includes a transfer memory unit for storing the image data transferred from the memory, a display memory unit for storing the image data transferred from the transfer memory unit, and a display unit for displaying the image data supplied from an image source, the image source being the display memory unit in a first operation mode of the graphic display device. The graphic display device further includes a switching unit for selecting the image source from the display memory unit or the transfer memory unit, so that the display unit can display the image data stored in the transfer memory unit in a second operation mode of the graphic display device.

Abstract: A valve operating mechanism for an internal combustion engine for varying the operation of the valve dependent on engine operating conditions. A first rocker arm movable to follow a first cam and a second rocker arm movable to follow a second cam corresponding to a higher speed operating condition than that of the first cam are pivotally supported on a rocker arm shaft. A first connection switching device capable of switching the connection and disconnection between the third and first rocker arms and a second switching device capable of switching the connection and disconnection between at least one of the first and third rocker arms and the second rocker arm independently from the first connection switching device, are disposed at locations displaced circumferentially relative to the rocker arm shaft.

Abstract: A vibrating apparatus for vibrating a mold 1 by an electrohydraulic stepping cylinder 5 through a link mechanism 3 is characterized in that when a driving signal delivered into a drive unit 26 for the stepping cylinder 5, the actual acceleration of the mold 1 is fed back to a target waveform signal for the mold 1 and compensating signals for cancelling the operation delay of the stepping cylinder 5 and the signal transfer lag due to elastic deformation of the link mechanism and the like are added thereto to make feed-forward compensation.

Abstract: A valve operating mechanism for an internal combustion engine for varying the operation of the valve dependent on engine operating conditions. A first rocker arm movable to follow a first cam and a second rocker arm movable to follow a second cam corresponding to a higher speed operating condition than that of the first cam are pivotally supported on a rocker arm shaft. A first connection switching device capable of switching the connection and disconnection between the third and first rocker arms and a second switching device capable of switching the connection and disconnection between at least one of the first and third rocker arms and the second rocker arm independently from the first connection switching device, are disposed at locations displaced circumferentially relative to the rocker arm shaft.

Abstract: A hydraulically operated tilt and trim system for a marine outboard drive including a reservoir for containing make-up fluid for the hydraulic system. The reservoir communicates with the hydraulic system through a conduit in which a pair of oppositely acting check valves are positioned so that gas over the liquid can not enter the fluid system even if the unit is displaced from its normal operation. In addition, the unit is mounted between the mounting brackets of the outboard drive so as to be protected thereby.

Abstract: A space diversity system in a TDMA communication system employing a communication satellite, in which in order to equalize the path lengths of respective sending paths at the start of communication, a pre-burst is sent out to one of the paths making up the diversity system in a time slot of one frame assigned to an instant station. A sub-burst is sent out to the other of the paths in the assigned time slot. A relative time difference between the pre-burst and the sub-burst is detected from signals sent back to the instant station from the communication satellite or signals received by a distant terrestral station via the communication satellite.

Abstract: A space diversity PCM-TDMA telecommunication system using a stationary communication satellite, in which fixed delay circuits are respectively inserted in the sending side and the receiving side of one route at a control equipment, while variable delay circuits are inserted in the sending side and the receiving side of the other route at the control equipment, so that electrical length of one route from the satellite to the control equipment may be the same as that of the other route from the satellite to the control equipment through the route including connection links between the two sites. Diversity switching can be performed with no duplication and lack of signals in accordance with the above construction.

Abstract: A frequency synchronizing system for satellite communication, in which a reference frequency coming from a communications satellite is received by a receiving circuit. A first frequency variable oscillator is provided for generating a transmission signal. A second receiving circuit is provided for receiving through the communications satellite the transmission signal which is the output from the first frequency variable oscillator, A first frequency control circuit is provided for controlling the first frequency variable oscillator for making the frequencies of the outputs from the first and second receiving circuits equal to each other. A second frequency variable oscillator is provided for generating a signal of a frequency twice as high as the reference frequency.