Abstract: An electrophoretic display device comprises substrates faced to each other so as to form a pixel space therebetween. A first electrode group including control electrode segments is formed on the substrate, and a second electrode group including a counter electrode segment is formed on the substrate. A dispersion liquid of colored and charged fine particles dispersed in an insulating liquid is charged in the pixel space. The fine particles are collected on the first and second electrode groups so as to permit different colors to be displayed on the pixel. A first voltage is applied to a control electrode segment and a second voltage applied to the other control electrode segments so as to cause the colored and charged fine particles to be migrated at a uniform migration speed to the control electrode segments, thereby collecting the colored and charged fine particles on the control electrode segments.

Abstract: An electrophoresis display capable of displaying colors, yet having high contrast and a high reflectance on displaying white color. The electrophoresis display device includes a dispersion medium containing a liquid crystal and electrophoretic particles made of titania, etc. being dispersed in the dispersion medium, wherein the dispersion medium contains a dichroic coloring matter having dichroism with a high dichroic ratio as a first coloring matter and a dichroic coloring matter having dichroism with a low dichroic ratio and/or an isotropic coloring matter as a second coloring matter, provided that the first coloring matter and the second coloring matter have complementary colors each other. In this manner, white, black, and color displays are realized by a single capsule.

Abstract: A reflective display having a first substrate having a first electrode, a second substrate having a second electrode and arranged opposite to the first electrode, and partition walls existing between the first and second substrates and arranged in a direction not perpendicular to the first and second substrates. A non-conductive liquid in which colored particles are dispersed resides in a cell including the partition walls. The colored particles can moved by an electric field, and the display color is thereby changed. Alternatively, the display color can be changed by shape deformation of a liquid-crystal-filled microcapsule enclosed in the cell.

Abstract: Electrophoresis display devices using charged particles which move in each cell in accordance with the electrophoresis caused by electrodes neighboring the cell. First through third electrodes are used to provide the electrophoresis to the charged particles in a dispersion liquid of each cell. The first and the second electrodes are formed in parallel with each other on a side of a first board and the third electrode is formed on a second board 5 to intersect with the first and the second electrodes. The first electrode may be applied with an initial voltage, a first hold voltage and a rewriting voltage between the initial voltage and the first hold voltage in an order of the first voltage, the rewriting voltage and the first hold voltage. The second electrode may be applied with intermediary voltage between the initial voltage and the rewriting voltage to the first electrode.

Abstract: A reflective display having a first substrate having a first electrode, a second substrate having a second electrode and arranged opposite to the first electrode, and partition walls existing between the first and second substrates and arranged in a direction not perpendicular to the first and second substrates. A non-conductive liquid in which colored particles are dispersed resides in a cell including the partition walls. The colored particles can moved by an electric field, and the display color is thereby changed. Alternatively, the display color can be changed by shape deformation of a liquid-crystal-filled microcapsule enclosed in the cell.

Abstract: An electrophoresis display capable of displaying colors, yet having high contrast and a high reflectance on displaying white color. The electrophoresis display device includes a dispersion medium containing a liquid crystal and electrophoretic particles made of titania, etc. being dispersed in the dispersion medium, wherein the dispersion medium contains a dichroic coloring matter having dichroism with a high dichroic ratio as a first coloring matter and a dichroic coloring matter having dichroism with a low dichroic ratio and/or an isotropic coloring matter as a second coloring matter, provided that the first coloring matter and the second coloring matter have complementary colors each other. In this manner, white, black, and color displays are realized by a single capsule.

Abstract: Electrophoresis display devices using charged particles which move in each cell in accordance with the electrophoresis caused by electrodes neighboring the cell. First through third electrodes are used to provide the electrophoresis to the charged particles in a dispersion liquid of each cell. The first and the second electrodes are formed in parallel with each other on a side of a first board and the third electrode is formed on a second board 5 to intersect with the first and the second electrodes. The first electrode may be applied with an initial voltage, a first hold voltage and a rewriting voltage between the initial voltage and the first hold voltage in an order of the first voltage, the rewriting voltage and the first hold voltage. The second electrode may be applied with intermediary voltage between the initial voltage and the rewriting voltage to the first electrode.

Abstract: A reflective display having a first substrate having a first electrode, a second substrate having a second electrode and arranged opposite to the first electrode, and partition walls existing between the first and second substrates and arranged in a direction not perpendicular to the first and second substrates. A non-conductive liquid in which colored particles are dispersed resides in a cell including the partition walls. The colored particles can moved by an electric field, and the display color is thereby changed. Alternatively, the display color can be changed by shape deformation of a liquid-crystal-filled microcapsule enclosed in the cell.

Abstract: A reflective display having a first substrate having a first electrode, a second substrate having a second electrode and arranged opposite to the first electrode, and partition walls existing between the first and second substrates and arranged in a direction not perpendicular to the first and second substrates. A non-conductive liquid in which colored particles are dispersed resides in a cell including the partition walls. The colored particles can moved by an electric field, and the display color is thereby changed. Alternatively, the display color can be changed by shape deformation of a liquid-crystal-filled microcapsule enclosed in the cell.

Abstract: This invention provides an information recording medium including a substrate, and a print pattern formed on the substrate and containing a first colorant which changes at least one of a color and a dielectric constant thereof upon application of an electromagnetic field having a first intensity, and a second colorant which behaves differently from the first colorant upon application of the electromagnetic field, a method of reproducing information recorded on the medium, and a method of discriminating an information recording medium whose genuineness is unknown between a genuine article and a counterfeit when the above medium is used as the genuine article.

Abstract: An ink jet recording device for applying an electric force to an ink to cause an ink particle to fly onto a recording medium for recording, comprises: a control substrate arranged so as to face the recording medium, said control substrate comprising an insulating supporting substrate, and first and second control electrodes arranged on both sides of the insulating supporting substrate, said control substrate having at least one through hole which passes through said first and second control electrodes and said insulating supporting substrate; ink supply source for supplying an ink into said through hole of said control substrate; and signal voltage supply source for applying a signal voltage between said first and second control electrodes, in accordance with a picture signal for causing an ink particle to fly out of said through hole toward said recording medium.

Abstract: In the ink jet recording apparatus for recording an image by supplying ink obtained by dispersing color material components in a solvent to a head substrate and by jetting ink drops containing at least the color material components to a recording medium on the basis of electrostatic force applied to the color material components, the recording apparatus comprises a driving circuit (107) for applying voltages to electrodes of an electrode array (102) arranged on a head substrate (101), in such a way that a first potential difference whose potential level relationship is reversed at a predetermined period between the two adjacent electrodes can be applied when the color material components are cohered and/or stirred on the head substrate, and a second potential difference different from the first potential difference between the two adjacent electrodes can be applied when the ink drops are jetted toward a recording medium.

Abstract: An ink-jet head and its manufacturing method and an ink-jet recording device, which condense a color component in an ink with the color dissipated in a solvent, and record with the ink flown toward a record medium. A protruded-type electrode and its leading electrode are formed on a supporting substrate. An ink-guide-groove which is formed from the bottom section to the pointed end portion on the wall surface, is provided at the protruded-type electrode. A connected portion by the protruded-type electrode of the leading electrode and an end portion of an opposite portion are exposed outward. A plurality of protruded-type electrodes are provided on the supporting substrate along main scanning direction X. The shape of the protruded-type electrode is pyramid, and its pointed end portion is sharpened. Ink guide grooves are formed on each wall surface of the pyramid of the protruded-type electrode.

Abstract: An auxiliary substrate is provided so as to face a main substrate to which ink is supplied and the pattern of a voltage applied to an auxiliary electrode array formed on the auxiliary substrate is controlled. In a printing operation, the coloring material components are sent to the vicinity of an ink droplet emitting outlet and the coloring material components in the ink where the coloring material is dispersed in solvent are concentrated. Then, they are emitted from the ink droplet emitting outlet in the form of ink droplets and are forced to fly at a printing medium, thereby printing on the medium. In a non-printing operation, the auxiliary electrode array is controlled so that the coloring material components may be kept away from the ink droplet emitting outlet and the concentration of the coloring material components in the ink near the ink droplet emitting outlet is made lower than in a printing operation.

Abstract: An ink jet printing apparatus, in which the ink having colorants distributed in a solvent is supplied over the electrode array on the surface of the head substrate such that the electrode array is completely covered by the ink, while voltages are applied to the electrode array to produce an electric field for exerting an electrostatic force on the colorants in the ink such that the colorants are compressed and ejected toward a recording medium. Each individual electrode constituting the electrode array can have a tip end portion projecting from the surface of the head substrate. The apparatus also has an element for compressing colorants distributed in a solvent of an ink and an element for ejecting the compressed colorants toward a recording medium which are provided separately. In addition, the apparatus can incorporate an element for conveying colorants in the ink through the ink supply passage toward the colorant ejection point on the electrode array.

Abstract: An electrostatic recording apparatus including a recording medium which forms a latent image of a recording picture and then forms the recording picture, a charger which uniformly charges the recording medium, an imaging unit which forms an electrostatic latent image onto the uniformly charged recording medium, a developer which develops the electrostatic image formed on the recording medium and forms the recording picture, the developer including a development roller, and an electric field generator arranged near the developer to generate an electric field orthogonal to a rotating direction of the development roller.

Abstract: An electrostatic recording apparatus including a recording medium which forms a latent image of a recording picture and then forms the recording picture, a charger which uniformly charges the recording medium, an imaging unit which forms an electrostatic latent image onto the uniformly charged recording medium, a developer which develops the electrostatic image formed on the recording medium and forms the recording picture, the developer including a development roller, and an electric field generator arranged near the developer to generate an electric field orthogonal to a rotating direction of the development roller.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a means for forming colorant holding regions on the image carrier, the colorant holding regions having better ink or developing agent holding properties than the image carrier, a means for supplying a colorant to the colorant holding regions, and a means for transferring the colorant, held in the colorant holding regions, onto a printing medium.

Abstract: A solid ion recording head using an ion generation device, capable of realizing a uniform and stable recording and a compact physical configuration. The head includes a head support member in substantially rectangular cross sectional shape for supporting the ion generation device on a lower side of the rectangular cross sectional shape facing against the recording medium and the driving circuits on side faces of the rectangular cross sectional shape. The ion generation device includes control electrodes having ion passing holes which are arranged such that picture dot to be recorded on the recording medium from each one of the ion passing holes is recorded on a spot around which picture dots already recorded by other ion passing holes are distributed symmetrically on both sides. The control electrodes may have a structure in which a plurality of the ion passing holes are provided with respect to each picture dot to be recorded.

Abstract: A scanning optical apparatus is used as a recording apparatus having an optical system and a mechanical system and effecting desired recording on a photoconductor by irradiation of a beam. The apparatus comprises marks confirming the beam scanning position on the photoconductor, an error detecting unit for detecting the error of the scanning position from the optimal scanning position, which error is due to an optical factor or a mechanical factor, and a control unit for suitably correcting the scanning position of the beam in real time on the basis of a signal representing the detected error.