Abstract: Systems and methods implemented in a network element in a Segment Routing network include, for a service having two or more candidate paths and responsive to a failure on a current candidate path of the two or more candidate paths, setting an eligibility flag for the current candidate path; and selecting another candidate path of the two or more candidate paths, for the service, based on their eligibility flag.

Abstract: A method for improving seed planter flowability comprising: admixing one or more seeds with a flow-aid composition comprising a modified starch, a non-modified starch, or a mixture thereof, wherein said flow-aid composition optionally comprises a mineral earth lubricant. A plurality of seeds comprising said flow-aid composition. A flow-aid composition comprising a modified starch, a non-modified starch, or a mixture thereof, wherein said flow-aid composition optionally comprises a mineral earth lubricant and further wherein said flow-aid composition is (i) free-flowing, and/or (ii) reduces seed agglomeration relative to one or more seeds admixed with talc, graphite, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A method implemented in a network element includes, for a service, receiving a Segment Identifier (SID) list and an explicit list for an intended path in a Segment Routing network; expanding the SID list and comparing the expanded SID list to the explicit list; and setting the intended path as either valid or invalid based on the comparing. The intended path can be a primary path, and the steps can further include receiving a SID list and an explicit list for a backup path in the Segment Routing network. The steps can further include switching to the backup path responsive to a failure on the primary path, and switching back to the primary path responsive to it being valid.

Abstract: The present development is a method and device to monitor the salt level in a patient's blood without the need of laboratory facilities or intervention by medical personnel. The basic device is designed to measure the concentration of analytes, specifically sodium ion and potassium ion, in the patient's blood and to communicate the analyte level to the patient essentially instantaneously through a mobile monitor or display screen. In a variation, the device combines the analyte-concentration measuring function with a means for measuring the concentration of glucose in blood, and the blood analyte level and glucose level are displayed to the patient essentially instantaneously. Both the salt level device and the salt level+glucose level device may be further adapted to allow for the salt and glucose level data to be stored in a data storage base so the patient has an historical record of the concentration levels.

Abstract: Systems and methods include obtaining a table having a plurality of addresses each having a plurality of attributes and classifications; responsive to a requirement to reduce a size of the table, reducing a number of the plurality of addresses based on one or more reduction approaches that use any of the plurality of attributes and classifications; and obtaining an output table having some or all of the plurality of addresses for a table receiver. The table can be obtained via control plane components including one or more of Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) and Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). The requirement to reduce the size is based on a size of the table and a size of memory associated with the table receiver.

Abstract: A node, in a first network, includes circuitry configured to add a label stack to a packet associated with one of a Layer 2 Virtual Private Network (L2VPN) and a Layer 3 Virtual Private Network (L3VPN), wherein the packet is destined for a second network having at least a pair of Border Gateway Protocol-Label Unicast (BGP-LU) Route Reflector (RR) nodes interconnecting the first network, and wherein the label stack includes an anycast Segment Identifier (SID) for the RR nodes, in Segment Routing, and transmit the packet to the second network. The label stack also includes a BGP-LU label for a destination in the second network. Responsive to isolation of one of the RR nodes, a Point of Local Repair (PLR) node in the first network is configured to implement Topology-Independent Loop-Free Alternate (TI-LFA) for the anycast SID.

Abstract: The present development is a method and device to monitor the salt level in a patient's blood without the need of laboratory facilities or intervention by medical personnel. The basic device is designed to measure the concentration of analytes, specifically sodium ion and potassium ion, in the patient's blood and to communicate the analyte level to the patient essentially instantaneously through a mobile monitor or display screen. In a variation, the device combines the analyte-concentration measuring function with a means for measuring the concentration of glucose in blood, and the blood analyte level and glucose level are displayed to the patient essentially instantaneously. Both the salt level device and the salt level+glucose level device may be further adapted to allow for the salt and glucose level data to be stored in a data storage base so the patient has an historical record of the concentration levels.

Abstract: A router architecture that facilitates cloud exchange point routing is disclosed. The architecture relies upon B-nodes to connect branch network to cloud, S-nodes to connect services, and V-nodes to connect cloud to cloud. The nodes can be essentially stateless with node configuration stored outside a router, which facilitates ripping and replacement of nodes. Multiple virtual private clouds can be implemented with respective pluralities of Kubernetes pods and a master Kubernetes cluster. Consumer premises equipment is coupled to a first virtual private cloud that forms a virtual extensible local area network with a second private cloud.

Abstract: Systems and methods for extending Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN) protocols are provided. A Link Aggregation Group (LAG), according to one implementation, includes a plurality of Ethernet Segments (ESs) and a plurality of service ports configured to communicate over the plurality of ESs. The service ports are configured to enable an operator device to access an EVPN to receive Layer 2 (L2) and Layer 3 (L3) Ethernet services. Also, the service ports are configured to enable the operator device to operate with multi-homing functionality to receive the L2 and L3 Ethernet services via redundant paths associated with the plurality of ESs. The services ports are further configured to respond to operator commands, whereby the operator commands include one or more operator commands related to switching among the redundant paths.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is one or more aqueous seed coating composition comprising (i) a binder comprising a modified starch, and (ii) an active ingredient, which composition works at least as well as or better than an aqueous seed coating composition containing a synthetic polymer, and, surprisingly, better than aqueous seed coating compositions containing unmodified starch. The binder comprising a modified starch is water soluble, compatible with the active ingredients, and more cost effective than using primarily synthetic polymers as the binder in an aqueous seed coating composition. Additionally, the one or more aqueous seed coating compositions described herein provide excellent seed coating characteristics, including demonstrating good flowability, decreased dust-off, and uniform coating application.

Abstract: A node, in a first network, includes circuitry configured to add a label stack to a packet associated with one of a Layer 2 Virtual Private Network (L2VPN) and a Layer 3 Virtual Private Network (L3VPN), wherein the packet is destined for a second network having at least a pair of Border Gateway Protocol-Label Unicast (BGP-LU) Route Reflector (RR) nodes interconnecting the first network, and wherein the label stack includes an anycast Segment Identifier (SID) for the RR nodes, in Segment Routing, and transmit the packet to the second network. The label stack also includes a BGP-LU label for a destination in the second network. Responsive to isolation of one of the RR nodes, a Point of Local Repair (PLR) node in the first network is configured to implement Topology-Independent Loop-Free Alternate (TI-LFA) for the anycast SID.

Abstract: A node in a Segment Routing network includes circuitry configured to signal first service Segment Identifiers (SIDs), for one or more first Ethernet services configured at the node, to other nodes in the Segment Routing network, receive second service SIDs for one or more second Ethernet services configured at the other nodes in the Segment Routing network, and configure the second service SIDs for one or more second Ethernet services. The first service SIDs and the second service SIDs can be signaled by one of Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) and Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).

Abstract: A network element includes a plurality of ports interconnected by a switching fabric, wherein a port includes a plurality of connections including an infrastructure connection that operates a Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) session and a group of connections that share a similar fate for a fault as the infrastructure connection; and a controller configured to detect a fault on the infrastructure connection via the BFD session, and cause a protection switch for one or more of the group of connections based on the fault on the infrastructure connection. The infrastructure connection and the group of connections can be Pseudowires (PWE) or Label Switched Paths (LSPs) in a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) network.

Abstract: A node in a Segment Routing network includes a plurality of ports and a switching fabric between the plurality of ports, wherein, for an Ethernet Tree (E-tree) service, a port is configured to transmit a packet with a plurality of Segment Identifiers (SID) including a first SID, a second SID, and a third SID, wherein the first SID identifies one of multicast, ingress replication for broadcast, and a destination node including any of a node SID and an anycast SID, wherein the second SID identifies a service including the E-tree service, and wherein the third SID identifies a source of the packet. A second port of the node is connected to a customer edge, and wherein the third SID is based on whether the customer edge is a leaf node or a root node in the E-tree service.

Abstract: A heater core assembly (10) comprising: a core (12) comprising a plurality of micro-tubes (13A, 13B), the plurality of micro-tubes (13A, 13B) being stacked in horizontal rows (15) between at least two headers (18) by inserting ends of each of the micro-tubes (13A,13B) into slots (42A, 42B) provided in the headers (18); a partition plate (30) disposed vertically in each of header (18) to define two vertical chambers (18A, 18B); wherein each of the horizontal rows (15) include at least one first micro-tube (13A) inserted in the first chamber (18A) and at least second micro-tube (13B) inserted in the second chamber (18B) to enable flow of the coolant in the core assembly (10).

Abstract: A payment processing apparatus and a system or a method are provided that have a location-agnostic payment code, where the user does not have to check in to the merchant's location. Further, the reliance on the network connection is reduced by caching or storing payment codes at the user's mobile device. The payment codes may have expiration and may be used once. The payment codes may be revoked or canceled if the user's mobile device is compromised or stolen. In an embodiment, the payment codes may be generated and provided to the user's mobile device when the payment application at the user's mobile device is refreshed. For example, the payment application is refreshed based on user's payment history or payment habits. In another embodiment, the payment codes may be generated and provided to the user's mobile device when the user is within a predetermined distance from a merchant.

Abstract: Systems and methods include obtaining a plurality of services supported at the node; determining a bitmask to represent the plurality of services supported at the node, wherein the bitmask includes a starting service and each subsequent bit representing another service of the plurality of services and with each bit in the bitmask set based on the plurality of services supported at the node; and transmitting an advertisement to nodes in the Segment Routing network with a starting Service SID value and the bitmask based on the plurality of services supported at the node. The plurality of services can include any of a Virtual Private Wire Service (VPWS) and a Flexible Cross Connect (FXC) service.

Abstract: Systems and methods include receiving one or more Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN) advertisements from one or more peer nodes with information including any of traffic characterization information and traffic control information; and providing traffic to the EVPN and to the corresponding one or more peer nodes based on the information from the corresponding one or more peer nodes. The one or more EVPN advertisements can be in an EVPN Network Layer Reachability Information (NLRI) advertisement, and the EVPN NLRI can have Route Type 1 for the information to apply to an EVPN Instance (EVI) and the EVPN NLRI can have Route Type 2 for the information to apply to a specific customer node based on a Media Access Control (MAC).

Abstract: Systems and methods include obtaining a table having a plurality of addresses each having a plurality of attributes and classifications; responsive to a requirement to reduce a size of the table, reducing a number of the plurality of addresses based on one or more reduction approaches that use any of the plurality of attributes and classifications; and obtaining an output table having some or all of the plurality of addresses for a table receiver. The table can be obtained via control plane components including one or more of Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) and Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). The requirement to reduce the size is based on a size of the table and a size of memory associated with the table receiver.

Abstract: A router architecture that facilitates cloud exchange point routing is disclosed. The architecture relies upon B-nodes to connect branch network to cloud, S-nodes to connect services, and V-nodes to connect cloud to cloud. The nodes can be essentially stateless with node configuration stored outside a router, which facilitates ripping and replacement of nodes. Multiple virtual private clouds can be implemented with respective pluralities of Kubernetes pods and a master Kubernetes cluster. Consumer premises equipment is coupled to a first virtual private cloud that forms a virtual extensible local area network with a second private cloud.