Abstract: In some examples, an example method to minimize asymmetric routing at a network node may include maintaining a flow table including one or more records, each record indicating a packet flow and a corresponding tunnel, receiving a data packet to process at a network node, and determining whether to process the data packet as a follower node. The method may also include, responsive to a determination to process the data packet as a follower node, determining whether there is an entry in the flow table for a packet flow associated with the received packet, and, responsive to a determination that there is an entry in the flow table for the packet flow, transmitting the received data packet through a tunnel corresponding to the packet flow.

Abstract: A payment processing apparatus and a system or a method are provided that have a location-agnostic payment code, where the user does not have to check in to the merchant's location. Further, the reliance on the network connection is reduced by caching or storing payment codes at the user's mobile device. The payment codes may have expiration and may be used once. The payment codes may be revoked or canceled if the user's mobile device is compromised or stolen. In an embodiment, the payment codes may be generated and provided to the user's mobile device when the payment application at the user's mobile device is refreshed. For example, the payment application is refreshed based on user's payment history or payment habits. In another embodiment, the payment codes may be generated and provided to the user's mobile device when the user is within a predetermined distance from a merchant.

Abstract: A method of routing network traffic may include routing traffic from a local network device, through a remote network location, to a third party network resource along a first path. The method may also include determining a first ranking for the first path, and determining a second ranking for a second path from the local network device to the third party network resource along a second path, the second path excluding the remote network location. The method may additionally include, based on the second ranking exceeding the first ranking by a threshold amount, rerouting the traffic along the second path.

Abstract: A payment processing apparatus and a system or a method are provided that have a location-agnostic payment code, where the user does not have to check in to the merchant's location. Further, the reliance on the network connection is reduced by caching or storing payment codes at the user's mobile device. The payment codes may have expiration and may be used once. The payment codes may be revoked or canceled if the user's mobile device is compromised or stolen. In an embodiment, the payment codes may be generated and provided to the user's mobile device when the payment application at the user's mobile device is refreshed. For example, the payment application is refreshed based on user's payment history or payment habits. In another embodiment, the payment codes may be generated and provided to the user's mobile device when the user is within a predetermined distance from a merchant.

Abstract: A method of routing network traffic may include routing traffic from a local network device, through a remote network location, to a third party network resource along a first path. The method may also include determining a first ranking for the first path, and determining a second ranking for a second path from the local network device to the third party network resource along a second path, the second path excluding the remote network location. The method may additionally include, based on the second ranking exceeding the first ranking by a threshold amount, rerouting the traffic along the second path.

Abstract: A method may include selecting a destination of a traffic flow in a second network domain outside of a first network domain, and determining multiple paths from an origin of the traffic flow to the destination, where each of the multiple paths may include a first network domain path through the first network domain and a second network domain path through the second network domain. The method may also include, for each of the multiple paths, combining a first performance score for the first network domain path with a second performance score for the second network domain path. The method may additionally include selecting one of the plurality of paths with a combined first and second performance score below a threshold, and routing the traffic flow along the selected one of the plurality of paths.

Abstract: A method may include receiving a domain name system (DNS) query at a network device, where the DNS query may be associated with a traffic flow identified for rerouting through an alternative path utilizing an alternative network device instead of a default path. The method may also include rewriting the DNS query such that the DNS query is routed through the alternative network device along the alternative path and to a DNS server associated with the alternative path. The method may additionally include receiving a DNS response from the DNS server, where a resource identified in the DNS response may be based on the DNS query coming through the alternative network device.

Abstract: A method may include identifying an address within a packet of a traffic flow associated with a network device. The method may also include comparing the address within the packet with a stored address, the stored address associated with a route for an alternative traffic path, where the alternative traffic path may be different from a default route of traffic passing through the network device. The method may additionally include, based on the address within the packet matching the stored address, routing the packet along the alternative traffic path instead of the default route of traffic.

Abstract: A system for generating a document includes a user interface processing subsystem configured to generate an interface configured to receive one or more commands. The commands are provided in at least one of an audio format and a textual format. The user interface processing subsystem is configured to provide at least one response to the commands in at least one of: a graphical, audio, and textual format. A natural language processing subsystem of the system is configured to receive and convert the one or more commands into annotated structured text. A search engine of the system is configured to receive the annotated structured text and search a document database for one or more documents related to the annotated structured text.

Abstract: A payment processing apparatus and a system or a method are provided that have a location-agnostic payment code, where the user does not have to check in to the merchant's location. Further, the reliance on the network connection is reduced by caching or storing payment codes at the user's mobile device. The payment codes may have expiration and may be used once. The payment codes may be revoked or canceled if the user's mobile device is compromised or stolen. In an embodiment, the payment codes may be generated and provided to the user's mobile device when the payment application at the user's mobile device is refreshed. For example, the payment application is refreshed based on user's payment history or payment habits. In another embodiment, the payment codes may be generated and provided to the user's mobile device when the user is within a predetermined distance from a merchant.

Abstract: The application relates to a composition comprising from about 2% (w/w) to about 4% (w/w) alkenyl succinic anhydride substituted starch, from about 3% (w/w) to about 8% (w/w) heat-moisture treated wheat flour, from about 5% (w/w) to about 7% (w/w) vegetable oil, and from about 78% (w/w) to about 87% (w/w) of other conventional baking ingredients.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for handling errors in subscriber session management within mobile networks. A downstream mobile gateway comprising a forwarding unit and a service unit may implement the techniques. The forwarding unit receives a packet that includes a destination address for a subscriber and a tunnel endpoint identifier (TEID). The service unit determines whether the TEID is associated with one of a number of subscriber records that store session data for current sessions associated with subscriber devices to communicate with the mobile network. In response to determining that the TEID is not associated with one of the subscriber records, the service unit generates a message that includes the TEID and the destination address and indicates that the downstream mobile gateway has determined that the TEID is not associated with one of the subscriber records. The forwarding unit then sends the message to the upstream mobile gateway.

Abstract: The application relates to a composition comprising separately by weight from about 20% to about 70% of non-gelatinized starch, from about 5% to about 40% of rice flour, from about 5% to about 30% of high amylose corn starch, and from about 5% to about 40% of heat moisture treated or thermally inhibited flour or starch.

Abstract: A session bundle allocation capability enables dynamic allocation of bundles of sessions being handled by a network element to modules of the network element (e.g., modules such as processing modules configured to perform one or more of traffic processing, traffic switching, and like functions). A bundle of sessions may be allocated by associating a plurality of sessions to form thereby a bundle of sessions, and assigning the bundle of sessions to a processing module group including one or more processing modules configured for processing traffic for the sessions of the bundle of sessions. A bundle of sessions may have a bundle identifier associated therewith and may be migrated from a first processing module group to a second processing module group by changing a mapping of the bundle identifier from being associated with the first processing module group to being associated with the second processing module group.

Abstract: A GTP Triggered Message handling capability is provided for enabling handling of GTP Triggered Messages. A GTP Triggered Message including a GTP Sequence Number and an invalid TEID is received, and one of a plurality of processing elements is selected for the GTP Triggered Message based on the GTP Sequence Number of the GTP Triggered Message. The selected one of the processing elements is selected based on a mapping of a group of GTP Sequence Numbers to the selected one of the processing elements. The GTP Triggered Message is propagated toward the selected processing element such that the GTP Triggered Message may be processed by the selected processing element. In this manner, processing of GTP Triggered Messages having invalid TEIDs may be performed by processing elements which typically process GTP Triggered Messages having valid TEIDs, such that GTP Triggered Messages having invalid TEIDs are not required to be processed by a central processing module before being provided to the processing elements.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods which create an infrastructure/transport Pseudowire (PW) a priori between two Provider Edge (PE) devices. Accordingly, other PWs can be mapped to this transport PW. In an exemplary application, the transport PW (which is a MS-PW by itself) can start and end between two Switching Provider Edge (S-PE) devices and span across multiple S-PEs in between. In another exemplary application, the transport PW terminates between two Terminating Provider Edge (T-PE) devices spanning across all S-PEs in between. In a further exemplary application, the transport PW can start at a S-PE or T-PE and terminate at a T-PE or S-PE, respectively. The placement of the endpoints of the transport PW (on two PEs) determines the number of intervening S-PEs that benefit from this application.

Abstract: The present invention provides scalable and rapid Ethernet fault detection which eliminates the requirement to contiguously send heartbeat frames at regular intervals to detect connectivity faults for each Ethernet Path. The present invention generates Continuity Check Message (CCM) frames only when a fault occurs, continues generating CCM frames while the fault remains, and discontinues when the fault clears. The present invention can be utilized with Ethernet Protection Switching to rapidly detect faults. Additionally, the present invention can be used in any Ethernet topology including point-to-point, rings, and the like.

Abstract: A GTP Triggered Message handling capability is provided for enabling handling of GTP Triggered Messages. A GTP Triggered Message including a GTP Sequence Number and an invalid TEID is received, and one of a plurality of processing elements is selected for the GTP Triggered Message based on the GTP Sequence Number of the GTP Triggered Message. The selected one of the processing elements is selected based on a mapping of a group of GTP Sequence Numbers to the selected one of the processing elements. The GTP Triggered Message is propagated toward the selected processing element such that the GTP Triggered Message may be processed by the selected processing element. In this manner, processing of GTP Triggered Messages having invalid TEIDs may be performed by processing elements which typically process GTP Triggered Messages having valid TEIDs, such that GTP Triggered Messages having invalid TEIDs are not required to be processed by a central processing module before being provided to the processing elements.

Abstract: A session bundle allocation capability is disclosed. The session bundle allocation capability enables dynamic allocation of bundles of sessions being handled by a network element to modules of the network element (e.g., modules such as processing modules configured to perform one or more of traffic processing, traffic switching, and like functions). A bundle of sessions may be allocated by associating a plurality of sessions to form thereby a bundle of sessions, and assigning the bundle of sessions to a processing module group including one or more processing modules configured for processing traffic for the sessions of the bundle of sessions. A bundle of sessions may have a bundle identifier associated therewith, and a bundle of sessions may be migrated from a first processing module group to a second processing module group by changing a mapping of the bundle identifier from being associated with the first processing module group to being associated with the second processing module group.

Abstract: An arrangement for scheduling scans of internal network nodes for reachability events by a border node of a network domain, schedules the scans according to the rate at which reachability notifications are received by the node. As the rate at which notifications are received increases, the interval between scans also increases. Conversely, as the rate of notifications decreases, the interval also decreases.