Abstract: A vehicle bottom structure includes a suspension system, a first undercover, and a second undercover. The suspension system includes a trailing arm, and a torsion beam extending along a vehicle width direction. The first undercover is disposed on a front side of the torsion beam in a vehicle front-rear direction. The second undercover is disposed on a rear side of the torsion beam. The first undercover is formed with a rear edge part at a rear edge extending toward the torsion beam along the vehicle front-rear direction. The second undercover includes a front end part at a front end. In a stationary state of a vehicle, an imaginary plane formed by connecting lower surfaces of the rear edge part of the first undercover and the front end part of the second undercover is formed at a position lower than the torsion beam in a vehicle up-down direction.

Abstract: An air cleaner includes a case having an internal space, a filter element capable of partitioning the internal space into a first space and a second space, an intake port that introduces an air into the first space therethrough, an exhaust port that discharges an air from the second space, and at least one baffle part projecting toward the filter element from an inner surface of the case. The baffle part diffuses the air introduced into the first space and introduces the air to the filter element. The baffle part includes a widened baffle part. The widened baffle part includes a guide section extending along an extending surface of the filter element and a widened section larger in width than the guide section.

Abstract: An air cleaner includes a case having an internal space, a filter element capable of partitioning the internal space into a first space and a second space, an intake port that introduces an air into the first space therethrough, an exhaust port that discharges an air from the second space, and at least one baffle part projecting toward the filter element from an inner surface of the case. The baffle part diffuses the air introduced into the first space and introduces the air to the filter element. The baffle part includes a widened baffle part. The widened baffle part includes a guide section extending along an extending surface of the filter element and a widened section larger in width than the guide section.

Abstract: An air cleaner includes a case having an internal space, a filter element capable of partitioning the internal space into first and second spaces, an intake port that introduces an air into the first space therethrough, an exhaust port that discharges an air from the second space, and at least one baffle part projecting toward the filter element from an inner surface of the case. The baffle part diffuses the air introduced into the first space and introduces the air to the filter element. The baffle part includes a first baffle part extending along an extending surface of the filter element. The first baffle part is curved so as to be away from a hypothetical straight line connecting the intake port and the exhaust port as the first baffle part extends from the intake port toward the exhaust port as viewed in a direction perpendicular to the extending surface.

Abstract: Provided is a silencer including: an expansion chamber having a cuboid shape; a first pipe for being coupled to a noise source, the first pipe being coupled to an approximate center of a first surface of the expansion chamber; and a second pipe coupled to an approximate center of a second surface of the expansion chamber adjacent to the first surface. The expansion chamber has an internal space and a partition in the internal space, the partition is disposed upright on a third surface of the expansion chamber opposed to the second surface of the expansion chamber to extend from the third surface toward the second surface, and the second pipe has a central axis substantially included in the partition.

Abstract: Provided is a silencer including: an expansion chamber having a cuboid shape; a first pipe for being coupled to a noise source, the first pipe being coupled to an approximate center of a first surface of the expansion chamber; and a second pipe coupled to an approximate center of a second surface of the expansion chamber adjacent to the first surface. The expansion chamber has an internal space and a partition in the internal space, the partition is disposed upright on a third surface of the expansion chamber opposed to the second surface of the expansion chamber to extend from the third surface toward the second surface, and the second pipe has a central axis substantially included in the partition.

Abstract: To clarify histamine receptor H3 protein function in vivo, the present inventors constructed a nonhuman higher animal in which the expression of a histamine receptor H3 gene was artificially inhibited. As a result, the present inventors found that this nonhuman higher animal showed increased body weight, food intake, blood insulin level, or blood leptin level compared with a control. Thus, the present inventors found that abnormalities in the histamine receptor H3 protein relate to diseases characterized by changes in body weight or food intake, and this has made it possible to screen drugs for treatment or prevention of these diseases, and to examine these diseases.

Abstract: Examination of obesity or emaciation is performed based on expression levels of LCE gene or protein in a test tissue or a test cell or a polymorphism of the gene. Evaluation of compounds including screening of therapeutic agents for obesity or emaciation is performed utilizing the nature of LCE gene or protein.

Abstract: To clarify histamine receptor H3 protein function in vivo, the present inventors constructed a nonhuman higher animal in which the expression of a histamine receptor H3 gene was artificially inhibited. As a result, the present inventors found that this nonhuman higher animal showed increased body weight, food intake, blood insulin level, or blood leptin level compared with a control. Thus, the present inventors found that abnormalities in the histamine receptor H3 protein relate to diseases characterized by changes in body weight or food intake, and this has made it possible to screen drugs for treatment or prevention of these diseases, and to examine these diseases.

Abstract: The invention is constituted such that a tubular cavity is formed in the arm of a frame which movably supports the spindle; said cavity houses an index scale and a slit disc; and thereby the measured results can be read as an electric signal without affecting the function of the micrometer, said index scale and said slit disc being located coaxial with the spindle.