Abstract: A flexible case hanging device for hanging and extending a flexible case such as an inner bag for a container comprises a belt member one end of which is fixed to a side edge along one edge of a corner of the inner bag and a free end of which is anchored by a buckle provided on a side edge along the other edge of the corner, and an annular body provided at a vertex of the corner. Part of the belt member passes through the annular body to form a loop of the belt member. The loop is adjustable into smaller sizes by pulling the free end of the belt member. The loop is fixed to an inner wall of the container. The free end of the belt member is fixed by the buckle. When the free end of the belt member is pulled to make smaller the loop of the belt member, the side edge and the vertex of the corner of the inner bag can be pulled to eliminate or prevent slack of the bag.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus including a tubular light source and a member having a plurality of reflective surfaces which are angularly set such that light from the light source is reflected in a predetermined direction of a viewing angle by each of the reflective surfaces. A ratio of an apparent width of each of the reflective surfaces to an apparent interval of adjacent ones of the reflective surfaces, when viewed from the predetermined direction of the viewing angle, is so set as to be a function of a distance between the light source and each of the reflective surfaces.

Abstract: Numerous photoelectric translation cells are arranged to correspond to associated picture elements in an active type matrix LCD display system. When a light pen is used as an input means, the system allows detection of light beam positions, enabling it to function as an input means.The liquid crystal input/output system constructed in this manner has advantages of low power consumption and thin and lightweight construction as compared with conventional input/output systems using a combination of CRT and light pen. It is best suited for applications in portable electronic appliances and offers great technical benefit by arranging the photoelectric translation cells in a manner so as to increase the aperture ratio of the matrix display.

Abstract: A small-size discharge lamp includes a glass tube having first and second ends, with an outer diameter thereof being smaller than 5 millimeters and a length thereof being shorter than 300 millimeters. At opposite ends of the glass tube, an elongated filament and an elongated getter are provided adjacent each other and parallel to the axial direction of the glass tube.

Abstract: A matrix liquid crystal display device provided with switching transistors, made of amorphous silicon thin-film for example, which are connected to each display picture element. The switching transistors are scanned with a scan pulse having width H which is set at a value greater than that is expressed by T/N, where H denotes the scan pulse width applied to row electrodes connected to each gate of the switching transistor, T denotes the total scan time and N the number of the scan lines. Concretely, the timewise width of the scan pulses is expanded or the number of applicable scan pulses is increased. The preferred embodiments relate to such a liquid crystal display driving system that can effectively minimize the decline of the voltage and the display characteristics caused by insufficient charge against the display picture element electrodes via the switching transistors.

Abstract: A method for preparing an electrochromic display device comprising first and second electrochromic layers and a solid electrolyte interposed therebetween, comprises the steps of forming a conductive film on a substrate, forming an insulating film, over the entire surface of the conductive film forming a resist at portions on the insulating film other than a display pattern and lead-in electrodes, removing the insulating film at the display pattern and the lead-in electrodes, forming the electrochromic material layers and the solid electrolyte over the entire portions other than the lead-in electrode, removing the resist and the electrochromic layers and the solid electrolyte as formed on the insulating film, and forming a second electrode on the second electrochromic layer.

Abstract: An electrochromic display device in which the redox layer of the counter-electrode is formed by burning a mixture of a self-film-forming compound such as manganese nitrate and a carbon type electroconductive material such as non-woven fabric of carbon fibers without use of any binder.

Abstract: An electrochromic display device is characterized by comprising a counter electrode, opposed to a plurality of display segmented electrodes, for absorbing a charge present in some colored display segments. Thereafter, the counter electrode provides a refreshing charge to said some segments from which charge has been taken off. A total amount of charge, defined as the amount of charge necessary for coloring all the display electrodes, is kept constant by refreshing.

Abstract: An electrochromic display device comprises a plurality of display segmented electrodes and first additional electrodes, a layer of an electrochromic material in contact with each of the display segmented electrodes and the first additional electrodes, a first connecting circuit for selectively connecting each of the display segmented electrodes into one of two groups, depending on a display pattern to be indicated, a counting circuit for counting the electrodes and determining the difference in display area between the two groups of display segmented electrodes, a circuit responsive to the difference in display area for connecting each of the first additional electrodes into one of the two groups of the display segmented electrodes, a power supply for supplying power to each of the two groups of the first additional electrodes and the display segmented electrodes, and a second additional electrode for keeping the total amount of charge for coloring all the display electrodes constant.

Abstract: An electro-chromic display device comprises an electro-chromic material and an electrolyte between a display electrode formed by a combination of a plurality of segments, and counter electrode disposed opposite thereto, and undergoes a reversible reaction for developing or erasing a color upon application of voltage or reverse polarity voltage. The counter electrode comprises a molded product obtained by molding under pressure a mixture of the powders of a solid oxidation-reduction type active material and an electrically conductive material.

Abstract: A method of driving an electrochromic display device and the electrochromic display device therefor the latter including an electrochromic display cell having two opposed substrates at least one of which is transparent, a plurality of electrodes respectively applied to the opposed substrates and an electrochromic substance held in contact with said plurality of electrodes between said opposed substrates so as to reversibly vary its light absorbing characteristics by an electric current applied to the electrodes, and a driving circuit coupled to the electrochromic display cell for driving the latter, wherein erasing the display of the electrochromic cell is done in such a manner that the erasing current will be stopped eventually by the electrochromic substance itself in order to secure complete erasure.

Abstract: A driving technique is provided for an electro-optical display which includes an electrochromic material and a predetermined number of display segments, combinations of the display segments each defining a different one of a desired number display patterns. The electrochromic phenomenon is developed within the electro-optical display upon a flow of current supplied through the display segments. In transition of a visual display from a specific display pattern to another, current is applied to only the one or more display segments which are not common to the two display patterns, while no current is supplied to the one or more display segments common to the two display patterns.

Abstract: An electrochromic display device and method of manufacture is disclosed wherein electrochromic material is deposited in a single layer on a single film of conductive material over the whole area of glass substrate and then the electrochromic material and conductive material are successively etched through a single mask which defines a display segment pattern and remains in position throughout the whole etching process, whereby etched edge portions of the different materials are in excellent alignment and there is therefore small plate area for a reverse emf cell and good display device performance is achieved. The electrochromic material may be etched by the solution employed for developing the photoresist, whereby an etching process step is eliminated.

Abstract: An electrochromic display disclosed herein is compatible with diversification of information to be displayed. A background plate bears a stationary display pattern printed thereon. An electrochromic phenomenon takes place between a pair of electrodes in association with the stationary display pattern.

Abstract: An electrochromic display comprising a display electrode and a counter electrode which form a cavity therebetween like a sandwich, the former consisting of a transparent conductive coating and a layer of transition metal oxide which varies reversibly in the light absorption spectrum upon application of current and the latter consisting of a conductive coating and a reversible charge exchange system. An electrolyte is injected into the cavity. A porous ceramics plate is positioned in contact with the display electrode and the counter electrode. This application is a continuation of copending application Ser. No. 760,521, filed on Jan. 19, 1977, now abandoned.

Abstract: A method of driving an electrochromic display means and the electrochromic display means therefor which includes an electrochromic display cell having a counter electrode and a plurality of display electrodes, and a constant voltage source coupled through switching means to the electrochromic display cell in such a manner that the display electrodes to be colored are maintained at the same potential as that of the counter electrode, while the display electrodes to be erased are impressed with a predetermined positive voltage with respect too the counter electrode.

Abstract: A driving system is provided for an electrochromic display device in which the coloration state is maintained for several hours through several days of the removal of the coloration voltage as long as the electrochromic display device is held in an electrically opened state. The electrochromic display device includes a predetermined number of display segments, each of the combinations of the display segments defining a different one of the desired display patterns. The display segments placed in the coloration state are electrically connected to each other during the memory period in order to uniform the coloration degree of each of the selected display segments. In a preferred form, a detection means is provided for detecting the potential of the selected display segments, which are held in the memory coloration state. The write-in, or, coloration operation is again conducted when the potential of the selected display segments becomes higher than a preselected level.

Abstract: A driving system is provided for an electrochromic display device in which the coloration state is maintained for several hours through several days of the removal of the coloration voltage as long as the electrochromic display device is held in an electrically opened state. The coloration voltage is applied to a display electrode for a predetermined period of time in order to color the display electrode. When the display electrode is desired to be bleached, the bleaching voltage is continuously applied to the display electrode. That is, the application of the bleaching voltage is maintained for a period of time during which the display electrode is placed in the bleached state. The non-selected display electrodes (those not selected for coloration) are also continuously bleached until these non-selected display electrodes are selected for coloration.

Abstract: A driving technique is provided for an electro-optical display which includes an electrochromic material and a predetermined number of display electrodes, different combinations of the display electrodes defining different desired display patterns. The electrochromic phenomenon is developed within the electro-optical display upon a flow of current supplied through the display electrodes. In transition of a visual display from a specific display pattern to another, voltages are applied to only the one or more display electrodes which are not common to the two display patterns, while no voltages are applied to the one or more display electrodes common to the two display patterns. Applications of a coloration voltage to particular one or more display electrodes and a bleaching voltage to different one or more display electrodes in transition of a visual display are initiated at a same time to reduce the time period required to transcend from one visual display to another.

Abstract: Electrochromic display device manufacture method wherein electrochromic material is deposited in a single layer on a single film of conductive material over the whole area of glass substrate and then the electrochromic material and conductive material are successively etched through a single mask which defines a display segment pattern and remains in position throughout the whole etching process, whereby etched edge portions of the different materials are in excellent alignment and there is therefore small plate area for a reverse emf cell and good display device performance is achieved. The electrochromic material may be etched by the solution employed for developing the photoresist, whereby an etching process step is eliminated.