Abstract: In a magnetic recording medium which is able to cope with a higher recording density, there is provided a magnetic recording medium which has a higher retentivity and a lower noise, a production process thereof, and a magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus. The magnetic recording medium is characterized in that at least a non-magnetic base layer, a non-magnetic intermediate layer, a magnetic layer, and a protective layer are laminated in this order on a non-magnetic substrate, and at least one of the layers of the non-magnetic base layer is configured by a WX-based alloy or a MoX-based alloy (X?Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta).

Abstract: A method for producing a gallium nitride based compound semiconductor light emitting device which is excellent in terms of the light emitting properties and the light emission efficiency and a lamp is provided. In such a method for producing a gallium nitride based compound semiconductor light emitting device, which is a method for producing a GaN based semiconductor light emitting device having at least a buffer layer, an n-type semiconductor layer, a light emitting layer, and a p-type semiconductor layer on a translucent substrate, on which an uneven pattern composed of a convex shape and a concave shape is formed, the buffer layer is formed by a sputtering method conducted in an apparatus having a pivoted magnetron magnetic circuit and the buffer layer contains AlN, ZnO, Mg, or Hf.

Abstract: The present invention provides a magnetic recording medium having superior startup operation and durability as well as satisfactory surface lubricity. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a magnetic recording medium in which at least a magnetic layer, a protective film layer and a lubricant layer are sequentially laminated on a non-magnetic substrate, wherein the lubricant layer is surface treated using a gas activated by plasma generated at a pressure in the vicinity of atmospheric pressure. The present invention also relates to a magnetic recording medium produced according to the aforementioned manufacturing method.

Abstract: Provided are a method of manufacturing a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device with a low driving voltage (Vf) and high light outcoupling efficiency, a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device, and a lamp. In the method of manufacturing the gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device, a transparent conductive oxide film 15 including a dopant is laminated on a p-type semiconductor layer 14 of a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor device 1. The transparent conductive oxide film 15 is subjected to a laser annealing process using a laser after the lamination of the transparent conductive oxide film 15.

Abstract: There is provided a magnetic recording medium formed on an aluminum substrate (Al—Mg alloy), provided with texture striations and a plated layer of NiP, which has magnetic recording medium has magnetic anisotropy in the circumferential direction, and has a high retentivity, a high squareness ratio, and favorable electromagnetic transfer characteristics, a production method thereof, and a magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus. The magnetic recording medium comprises at least an orientation control layer, a nonmagnetic undercoat layer, a magnetic layer, and a protective layer in this order on the aluminum substrate. The orientation control layer contains any one or more component types selected from among Co, Ni, and Fe, and any one or more component types selected from among W, Mo, Ta and Nb.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nitride semiconductor light emitting device, which comprises positive and negative electrodes with high adhesion, can output high power, and does not generate heat; specifically, the present invention provides a nitride semiconductor light emitting device comprising at least an ohmic contact layer, a p-type nitride semiconductor layer, a nitride semiconductor light emitting layer, and an n-type nitride semiconductor layer, which are laminated on a plate layer, wherein a plate adhesion layer is formed between the ohmic contact layer and the plate layer, and the plate adhesion layer is made of an alloy comprising 50% by mass or greater of a same component as a main component of an alloy contained in the plate layer.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus includes an irradiation unit configured to irradiate onto a substrate a laser beam having a pulse width of a picosecond-level or femtosecond-level range, and to clean the substrate via the laser beam.

Abstract: There is provided a light-emitting device having high reliability and excellent light extraction efficiency, a manufacturing method thereof, and a lamp. A light-emitting device includes a transparent electrode, wherein a titanium oxide-based conductive film is used for at least one layer of said transparent electrode, an emission wavelength is within a range of 300 to 550 nm, and a photocatalytic reaction-prevention layer is formed so as to cover said titanium oxide-based conductive film.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor light-emitting device having excellent light extraction efficiency, a manufacturing method thereof, and a lamp. A semiconductor light-emitting device 1 includes: an n-type semiconductor layer 12, a light-emitting layer 13, a p-type semiconductor layer 14, a titanium oxide-based conductive film layer 15, and a translucent film layer 16 laminated in this order, and a concavo-convex surface is formed on at least a part of the surface of the titanium oxide-based conductive film layer 15.

Abstract: The present invention provides a magnetic recording medium having superior startup operation and durability as well as satisfactory surface lubricity. The present invention relates to a production process of a magnetic recording medium in which at least a magnetic layer, a protective film layer and a lubricant layer are sequentially laminated on a non-magnetic substrate, wherein the protective film layer is surface treated using a gas activated by plasma generated at a pressure in the vicinity of atmospheric pressure. The present invention also relates to a magnetic recording medium produced according to the aforementioned production process.

Abstract: The present invention is a production method for a magnetic recording media in which at least a magnetic layer, a protective layer, and a lubricant layer are sequentially layered onto a non-magnetic substrate 1, and non-magnetic substrate 1 is surface treated using a gas activated by plasma generated at around atmospheric pressure. As a result of the present invention, it is possible to produce magnetic recording media with good yield that have few errors and superior head floating properties, by effectively removing foreign material and projections present on the surface of the magnetic recording media.

Abstract: A particle remover includes an irradiation unit for irradiating plural lights onto a target from different directions, and for scanning the lights on the target, and a collector for collecting particles carried as a result of scanning of the lights.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording medium which is able to cope with a higher recording density, there is provided a magnetic recording medium which has a higher coercive force and a lower noise, a production method thereof, and a magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus. The magnetic recording medium is characterized in that at least a nonmagnetic undercoat layer, a nonmagnetic intermediate layer, a magnetic layer, and a protective layer are laminated in this order on a nonmagnetic substrate, and at least one of the layers of the nonmagnetic undercoat layer is constituted by a WV type multicomponent body-centered cubic crystal alloy.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is provided which is capable of higher recording density and has a higher coercive force and a lower noise. A production method of the magnetic recording medium, and a magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus are also provided. The magnetic recording medium comprises at least a nonmagnetic undercoat layer, a nonmagnetic intermediate layer, a magnetic layer, and a protective layer, which are laminated in this order on a nonmagnetic substrate, and at least one of the layers of the nonmagnetic undercoat layer is made of a WV alloy or a MoV alloy.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus for exposing a pattern of a mask onto a plate to be exposed, the exposure apparatus includes a cleaning apparatus for cleaning the mask. The cleaning apparatus includes an irradiating part for irradiating a laser beam to the mask, and a polarization controller for controlling a polarization characteristic of the laser beam according to a longitudinal direction of the pattern.

Abstract: A method for the production of a substrate for a magnetic recording medium includes subjecting a silicon substrate to a chemical etching treatment using an etchant containing an aqueous alkali solution and a surfactant. The substrate for a magnetic recording medium is provided on the surface thereof with irregularities possessing a value of contact ratio (BH 1.0 nm) of 5% or more and 20% or less in a region of a height of 1.0 nm or more, based on the height at which the contact ratio reaches 50% in the surface coarseness load curve. A magnetic recording medium can be provided using the substrate for a magnetic recording medium on which a magnetic film, a protective film and a lubricant layer are disposed. The magnetic recording medium is furnished on the surface thereof with irregularities having a value of contact ratio (BH 1.0 nm) of 5% or more and 20% or less in a region of a height of 1.0 nm or more, based on a height at which the contact ratio reaches 50% in a surface coarseness load curve.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes an orientation adjusting layer, a nonmagnetic under layer, a nonmagnetic intermediate layer, a magnetic layer and a protective layer sequentially stacked on a nonmagnetic substrate provided on a first surface thereof with a texture streak and used for a magnetic disc. The nonmagnetic under layer contains at least a layer formed of a Cr—Mn-based alloy and possesses magnetic anisotropy having an axis of easy magnetization in a circumferential direction thereof. A magnetic recording and reproducing device includes the magnetic recording medium and a magnetic head for enabling information to be recorded in and reproduced from the magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus for exposing a pattern of an mask onto a plate to be exposed, said exposure apparatus includes a cleaning apparatus for cleaning the mask, wherein said cleaning apparatus includes an irradiating part for irradiating a laser beam to the mask, and a polarization controller for controlling a polarization characteristic of the laser beam according to a longitudinal direction of the pattern.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic recording medium which can reduce media noise. The present invention provides a magnetic recording medium comprising at least a non-magnetic undercoat layer, a first magnetic layer, a non-magnetic coupling layer, a second magnetic layer, and a protective layer, in this order, on a non-magnetic substrate, wherein the second magnetic layer is anti-ferromagnetically coupled with the first magnetic layer, and the first magnetic layer is made of a CoCrZr alloy.

Abstract: A particle remover includes an irradiation unit for irradiating plural lights onto a target from different directions, and for scanning the lights on the target, and a collector for collecting particles carried as a result of scanning of the lights.