Abstract: An image forming device includes a photosensitive body, an electrostatic charging device which electrostatically charges the photosensitive body, a light exposure device which image-light-exposes a moving surface of the photosensitive body so that an electrostatic latent image is formed on the photosensitive body, and a developing device which makes visible the electrostatic latent image as a toner image. The light exposure device forms a beam spot on the moving surface of the photosensitive body by selectively irradiating a light beam corresponding to image data in a state where parts of two beam spots neighboring each other in a sub scanning direction overlap each other in the sub scanning direction. A summation of light energies when the two beam spots are formed on the surface of the photosensitive body with a time interval is set to be smaller than a summation of light energies when two beam spots are simultaneously formed on the surface of the photosensitive body.

Abstract: A cleaning device for cleaning an image carrier by removing toner and other residues left thereon of the present invention includes a brush having tips, which contact the surface of the image carrier, provided with a loop configuration and a contact pressure of 50 g/cm2. A toner collecting space is located at a position adjacent to the brush and at which the tips of the brush contacted the surface of the image carrier arrive in accordance with the movement of the brush.

Abstract: A data transmission system includes a first bus; a first bus master coupled to the first bus; a second bus master coupled to the first bus; a bus arbiter coupled to the first and second bus masters to provide an authorization of bus master operation to the first and second bus masters selectively; and a bus request holding circuit, which is coupled between the second bus master and the bus arbiter. The bus request holding circuit holds a bus request signal supplied from the second bus master for an appropriate period of time in response to a signal from the first bus master.

Abstract: The present invention is 3,4-disubstituted-benzo[b]thiophene derivatives represented by general formula (I) and processes for preparing compounds represented by general formula (V) from compounds represented by general formula (IV), preparing a mixture of compounds represented by the following formula (II) and the following formula (III) and preparing the benzo[b]thiophene derivatives represented by the above formula (I): wherein, R1 and R2 represent each a halogen atom, a trihalomethyl group, a C1-4 alkyl group or a C1-4 alkoxy group; X represents a hydroxy group or a halogen atom; R3 and R4 represent each a hydrogen or a halogen atom, a trihalomethyl group, a C1-4 alkyl group or a C1-4 alkoxy group; and R5 represents a C1-3 alkyl group or a trifluoromethyl group.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a cleaning device for removing toner, paper dust and other impurities left on an image carrier after image transfer with a cleaning member is disclosed. The cleaning member contacts the surface of the image carrier with variable pressure and remains, about the time when the image carrier stops moving after image formation, in contact with the surface with pressure lower than pressure capable of scrapping off the impurities. Before movement for image formation, the image carrier is driven in a reverse direction opposite to a forward direction assigned to image formation, stopped, and again moved in the forward direction and then in the reverse direction at least one time.

Abstract: A frame rate converting apparatus provided with: a frame rate converter performing conversion of frame rate information on a frame rate, on all, a single or a plurality of sections of a video signal having an input time code which video signal is externally inputted and generated by use of a frame rate that changes or does not change; a time code calculator performing calculation of an output time code to be replaced with the input time code, on all, single or plurality of sections where the conversion of the frame rate information is performed; and a time code generator assigning the calculated output time code to all, single or plurality of sections where the conversion of the frame rate information is performed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a cleaning device for removing toner, paper dust and other impurities left on an image carrier after image transfer with a cleaning member is disclosed. The cleaning member contacts the surface of the image carrier with variable pressure and remains, about the time when the image carrier stops moving after image formation, in contact with the surface with pressure lower than pressure capable of scrapping off the impurities. Before movement for image formation, the image carrier is driven in a reverse direction opposite to a forward direction assigned to image formation, stopped, and again moved in the forward direction and then in the reverse direction at least one time.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is produced using a lead frame whose size is smaller than a prescribed center area of a semiconductor chip surrounded by its bonding pads, which are connected with electrodes supported by electrode supports and interconnected with outer frames and an intermediate frame of the lead frame via bonding wires. A series of projections and hollows are formed on the outer frames, wherein the electrode supports are interconnected with the hollows of the outer frames respectively. The semiconductor chip combined with the lead frame, is integrally enclosed in a resin under the condition where only the electrode surfaces are exposed to the exterior, thus forming a resin package. Then, the electrode supports locating the electrodes are cut out and partially removed, so that the electrodes are made electrically independent from each other.

Abstract: A recording and/or reproducing apparatus for an optical disc having a pit area where data has been recorded and also having a grooved area where data is to be recorded includes an optical pickup, an error signal generating unit, a shift signal generating unit and a servo controller. The optical pickup includes an objective lens for converging a light beam on a signal surface of the optical disc, a photodetector for receiving the light beam reflected from the signal surface and an actuator for moving the objective lens in a direction perpendicular to its optical axis. The shift signal generating unit is responsive to the output signal of the photodetector to generate a lens shift signal corresponding to the amount of shift of the objective lens from its neutral position. The servo controller drives the actuator based on the lens shift signal or the error signal to move the objective lens along the radial direction of the optical disc.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of producing a 3-hydroxymethyl-benzo[b]thiophene derivative without the possible concomitant formation of isomers, which comprises selectively cyclizing a sulfoxide having X shown in the reaction scheme below: wherein R1 to R3 are, same or independently, a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbons, a trihalomethyl group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbons, an alkylthio group having 1 to 4 carbons, or a trihalomethoxy group; R4 is an acyl group; X is a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an amino group, a mercapto group, an alkylthio group having 1 to 9 carbons, an acyloxy group having 1 to 9 carbons, an acylamino group having 1 to 9 carbons, or a trihalomethoxy group.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor is constituted using magnetic sensor chips mounted on stages supported by interconnecting members and a frame having leads in a lead frame. Herein, the stages are inclined upon plastic deformation of the interconnecting members. When the frame is held in a metal mold and the stages are pressed, the interconnecting members are elastically deformed, so that the magnetic sensor chips are bonded onto the stages placed substantially in the same plane and are then wired with the leads. Thereafter, the stages are released from pressure, so that the interconnecting members are restored from the elastically deformed states thereof. When the magnetic sensor chips are combined together to realize three sensing directions, it is possible to accurately measure three-dimensional bearings of magnetism, and the magnetic sensor can be reduced in dimensions and manufactured with a reduced cost therefor.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a latent image writing device that emits a plurality of laser beams, two adjacent laser beams of the plurality of laser beams partially overlapping in a sub-scanning direction, respectively, and forming a reference latent image on a surface of the image bearing member by performing repeated scanning of each laser beam on the surface of the image bearing member, a developing device that develops the reference latent image with toner into a reference toner image, and a detecting device that detects the density of the reference toner image. The quantity of light of each laser beam forming a subsequent latent image is adjusted according to the density of the reference toner image detected by the detecting device.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a cleaning device for removing toner, paper dust and other impurities left on an image carrier after image transfer with a cleaning member is disclosed. The cleaning member contacts the surface of the image carrier with variable pressure and remains, about the time when the image carrier stops moving after image formation, in contact with the surface with pressure lower than pressure capable of scrapping off the impurities. Before movement for image formation, the image carrier is driven in a reverse direction opposite to a forward direction assigned to image formation, stopped, and again moved in the forward direction and then in the reverse direction at least one time.

Abstract: A cleaning device for cleaning an image carrier by removing toner and other residues left thereon of the present invention includes a brush having tips, which contact the surface of the image carrier, provided with a loop configuration and a contact pressure of 50 g/cm2. A toner collecting space is located at a position adjacent to the brush and at which the tips of the brush contacted the surface of the image carrier arrive in accordance with the movement of the brush.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of producing a 3-hydroxymethyl-benzo[b]thiophene derivative without the possible concomitant formation of isomers, which comprises selectively cyclizing a sulfoxide having X shown in the reaction scheme below: 1

Abstract: The present invention is 3,4-disubstituted-benzo[b]thiophene derivatives represented by general formula (I) and processes for preparing compounds represented by general formula (V) from compounds represented by general formula (IV), preparing a mixture of compounds represented by the following formula (II) and the following formula (III) and preparing the benzo[b]thiophene derivatives represented by the above formula (I).

Abstract: A toner recycling device of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus conveys collected used toner to a developing device of the image forming apparatus. The toner recycling device includes a powder conveying pump that is driven to convey the collected used toner to the developing device of the image forming apparatus when an integrated value of predetermined numerical values, each based on a number of picture elements of an image to be formed, is equal to or greater than a constant value, and an adding device that adds a predetermined constant value to the integrated value when driving of an image bearing member of the image forming apparatus is detected.

Abstract: A select circuit selectively outputs one of a transition indication signal that is the output of an edge sense circuit of an input timer, a transition indication signal that is an output of an edge sense circuit of an output timer, and a control signal for controlling output using software. The state of activation of a switch circuit for controlling transmission of a clock signal to a counter of the output timer is then controlled by the signal selected by the select circuit.

Abstract: A semiconductor package encapsulating a semiconductor chip provides inner leads and outer leads for establishing electrical connections with the substrate. Herein, a lead frame is set into the metal mold, into which a resin is injected and which is clamped in proximity to the outer leads. Thus, the semiconductor package is sealed so as to avoid unwanted formation of resin burrs around lower surfaces of the inner leads. In addition, a semiconductor device is produced using a package in which a semiconductor chip mounted on a stage and terminals are embedded within a resin. Each terminal provides an electrode surface, an interconnecting portion, and an exposed terminal surface. Herein, an isolation portion is formed as an integral part of the package made by the resin and is arranged in the prescribed area between the electrode surface and the exposed terminal surface.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a latent image writing device that emits a plurality of laser beams, two adjacent laser beams of the plurality of laser beams partially overlapping in a sub-scanning direction, respectively, and forming a reference latent image on a surface of the image bearing member by performing repeated scanning of each laser beam on the surface of the image bearing member, a developing device that develops the reference latent image with toner into a reference toner image, and a detecting device that detects the density of the reference toner image. The quantity of light of each laser beam forming a subsequent latent image is adjusted according to the density of the reference toner image detected by the detecting device.