Abstract: A plasma display panel includes a front panel including a glass substrate, a display electrode formed thereon, a dielectric layer formed so as to cover the display electrode, and a protective layer formed on the dielectric layer; and a rear panel disposed facing the front panel so that discharge space is formed and including an address electrode formed in a direction intersecting the display electrode, and a barrier rib for partitioning the discharge space. The dielectric layer of the front panel contains bismuth oxide and calcium oxide without containing lead, and does not contain lead. The protective layer on the dielectric layer is formed by forming a base film on the second dielectric layer and attaching a plurality of crystal particles made of metal oxide to the base film so as to be distributed over an entire surface of the base film.

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes a front panel including a glass substrate, a display electrode formed thereon, a dielectric layer formed so as to cover the display electrode, and a protective layer formed on the dielectric layer; and a rear panel disposed facing the front panel so that discharge space is formed and including an address electrode formed in a direction intersecting the display electrode, and a barrier rib for partitioning the discharge space. The dielectric layer of the front panel contains bismuth oxide and calcium oxide without containing lead, and does not contain lead. The protective layer on the dielectric layer is formed by forming a base film on the second dielectric layer and attaching a plurality of crystal particles made of metal oxide to the base film so as to be distributed over an entire surface of the base film.

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes a front panel including a glass front substrate, a display electrode formed on the substrate, a dielectric layer formed so as to cover the display electrode, and a protective layer formed on the dielectric layer; and a rear panel disposed facing the front panel so that discharge space is formed and including an address electrode formed in a direction intersecting the display electrode, and a plurality of longitudinal barrier ribs arranged in parallel to the address electrode and lateral barrier ribs. The protective layer is formed by forming a base film on the dielectric layer and attaching a plurality of crystal particles made of metal oxide to the base film so as to be distributed over an entire surface. The barrier ribs are formed so that the height of the lateral barrier ribs is lower than that of longitudinal barrier ribs.

Abstract: A plasma display panel (PDP) featuring the display performance of high definition display and a high brightness, and yet, a lower power consumption is disclosed. A front panel of this PDP includes display electrodes formed on a front glass substrate, a dielectric layer covering the display electrodes, and a protective layer formed on the dielectric layer. A rear panel of this PDP includes address electrodes formed along a direction intersecting with the display electrodes, and barrier ribs. The front panel and the rear panel confront each other to form a discharge space which is filled with discharge gas and is portioned by the barrier ribs. The protective layer is formed of a metal oxide made of MgO and CaO. X-ray diffraction analysis on the surface of the protective layer finds that the metal oxide has a peak between a diffraction angle where a peak of MgO occurs and a diffraction angle where a peak of CaO occurs along an identical orientation of the MgO peak.

Abstract: A plasma display panel has a dielectric layer on a front panel, which includes a first dielectric layer covering a display electrode and containing bismuth oxide without containing lead, and a second dielectric layer formed on the first dielectric layer and containing bismuth oxide without containing lead. The content of bismuth oxide in the second dielectric layer is made to be smaller than a content of bismuth oxide in the first dielectric layer. A protective layer on the dielectric layer is formed by forming a base film on the dielectric layer and attaching a plurality of crystal particles made of metal oxide to the base film so as to be distributed over an entire surface of the base film.

Abstract: A plasma display panel has high definition, high luminance, and low power consumption. In the plasma display panel, the front panel is provided thereon with display electrodes, a dielectric layer, and a protective layer. The display electrodes are formed on the front glass substrate. The dielectric layer coats the display electrodes, and the protective layer is formed on the dielectric layer. The rear panel is provided thereon with address electrodes and barrier ribs for partitioning the discharge space in the direction crossing to the display electrodes. The front and rear panels are opposed to each other with a discharge space therebetween filled with a discharge gas. The protective layer on the dielectric layer includes an underlying film, and aggregated particles adhered on the underlying film, the aggregated particles being formed by aggregating crystal grains of magnesium oxide.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a protective layer such that when the protective layer is formed in a film-forming chamber, the partial pressure of water in the film-forming chamber is controlled by the exhaust velocity of the water in the film-forming chamber. During formation of the protective layer the total pressure in the film-forming chamber is kept constant. In addition, the partial pressure of the water in the film-forming chamber is controlled while introducing a gas into the film-forming chamber, thereby controlling the ratio of the partial pressure of hydrogen to the partial pressure of oxygen in the film-forming chamber.

Abstract: A plasma display panel including a gas adsorption member is disclosed. An effort of gas adsorption is obtained sufficiently, and the presence of the gas adsorption member avoids problems at an exhausting operation in exhaust-baking step. The plasma display panel includes a pair of plates opposed to each other with an enclosed discharge space in between. The pair of plates refer to a front plate and a back plate, and at least one of the plates has a communication hole, around which the gas adsorption member having a hole is disposed.

Abstract: A butterfly valve comprises a valve shaft placed across a flow passage and a plate-like valve element provided on the valve shaft so as to be rotatable about the valve shaft to regulate a flow rate of fluid in the flow passage. The valve element has a section that gradually decreases in thickness from the valve shaft toward an outer edge in a direction nearly perpendicular to the valve shaft. The valve element further includes a plurality of inclined surfaces on each side so that the corresponding inclined surfaces on both sides of the valve element are identical in section in a direction parallel to the valve shaft. The valve element is provided on each side with a plurality of flow straightening ribs each extending in a direction perpendicular to the valve shaft and inclining along each inclined surface.

Abstract: In the method of producing a PDP, the protective layer is produced in the following steps. First, deposit a base film on the dielectric layer, and then apply a crystalline particle paste produced by dispersing plural crystalline particles made of metal oxide, onto the base film to form a crystalline particle paste film. After that, fire the base film and crystalline particle paste film to make the plural crystalline particles adhere so as to be distributed over the whole surface. The crystalline particle paste has a viscosity between 1 Pa·s and 30 Pa·s inclusive at a shear velocity of 1.0 s?1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a Bi2223 based thick film that does not peel off when a thermal or a mechanical shock is applied to a base or an oxide superconductor thick film or the like in the middle of a manufacturing process and a method of manufacturing the same. An oxide superconductor paste 1 having a mixing ratio of Bi2212 composition is applied to a base 3, dried, burned, and thereafter burned at a temperature approximate to its melting point to obtain a partially molten layer 4. Next, an oxide superconductor paste 2 having a mixing ratio of Bi2223 composition is applied to the partially molten layer 4, dried, burned, compressed by a CIP, and thereafter repeatedly burned and compressed for a predetermined number of times to obtain the base 3 having a desired superconductor thick film 5 formed thereon.

Abstract: To provide an oxide superconductor thick film formation method that can enhance adhesiveness of a Bi2223 thick film to a body to be processed on which the Bi2223 thick film is formed, and increase a cross-sectional area of the Bi2223 thick film, without a decrease in Jc of the Bi2223 thick film. A mixture of a compound oxide having composition Bi2212 and Pb is applied to a surface of the body to be processed, and burned to form a first thick film. An oxide superconductor thick film expressed by a general formula (Bi, Pb)2+aSr2Ca2Cu3OZ (where ?0.1?a?0.5) is formed on the first thick film.

Abstract: A housing has an intake passage extending substantially in a vertical direction of a vehicle. A valve is configured to open and close the intake passage. A shaft supports the valve. A bearing supports the shaft. A hose is connected with an upper side of the housing in the vertical direction and configured to lead intake air into the intake passage. A communication passage configured to communicate an inside of an internal combustion engine of the vehicle with the hose. The communication passage has an opening in the vicinity of a point directly above the bearing. The hose has a wall surface defining a condensate passage, which connects the opening with a target location from which condensate is to be dropped.

Abstract: A throttle control apparatus has a torsional coil spring that is associated with the throttle body and the rotator to bias throttle valve to a predetermined intermediate angle between a full open angle and a full close angle. An actuator rotates the rotator against a biasing force of the torsional coil spring. The torsional coil spring has a first and a second loading portions that apply biasing forces to the rotator to bias the throttle valve from the full open angle or from the full close angle toward the intermediate angle. The rotator is provided with a spring force receiving portion that receives both the biasing forces applied by the first and second loading portions so that the first and second loading portions sandwich the spring force receiving portion therebetween.

Abstract: A plasma display panel including a gas adsorption member is disclosed. An effort of gas adsorption is obtained sufficiently, and the presence of the gas adsorption member avoids problems at an exhausting operation in exhaust-baking step. The plasma display panel includes a pair of plates opposed to each other with an enclosed discharge space in between. The pair of plates refer to a front plate and a back plate, and at least one of the plates has a communication hole, around which the gas adsorption member having a hole is disposed.

Abstract: To provide an oxide superconductor thick film formation method that can enhance adhesiveness of a Bi2223 thick film to a body to be processed on which the Bi2223 thick film is formed, and increase a cross-sectional area of the Bi2223 thick film, without a decrease in Jc of the Bi2223 thick film. A mixture of a compound oxide having composition Bi2212 and Pb is applied to a surface of the body to be processed, and burned to form a first thick film. An oxide superconductor thick film expressed by a general formula (Bi, Pb)2+aSr2Ca2Cu3OZ (where ?0.1?a?0.5) is formed on the first thick film.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a protective layer of magnesium oxide on a front glass substrate (11) in an evaporation chamber (201) includes the following: oxygen outlet openings (222) for introducing oxygen into the evaporation chamber (201); water vapor outlet openings (210) for introducing water vapor into the evaporation chamber (201) from the downstream side in the transfer direction of the front glass substrate (11); a mass analyzer (224) for measuring the ionic strength of hydrogen and the ionic strength of oxygen in the evaporation chamber (201); and mass flow controllers (215) and (221) for controlling the introduction amount of the water vapor and the introduction amount of the oxygen, respectively, by the ionic strengths measured by the mass analyzer (224).

Abstract: A plasma display panel (PDP) includes front plate, scan electrodes and sustain electrodes both formed on front plate, dielectric layer covering scan and sustain electrodes, and protective layer formed on dielectric layer. Protective layer contains silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N), and is made of magnesium oxide (MgO) including Si of which atoms count in the range from 5×1018 pieces/cm3 to 8×1021 pieces/cm3. The foregoing construction allows the PDP to shorten a discharge-delay time, achieve a quick response of discharge to a voltage applied, and suppress changes of the discharge-delay time with respect to a temperature.

Abstract: A plasma display panel including a gas adsorption member is disclosed. An effort of gas adsorption is obtained sufficiently, and the presence of the gas adsorption member avoids problems at an exhausting operation in exhaust-baking step. The plasma display panel includes a pair of plates opposed to each other with an enclosed discharge space in between. The pair of plates refer to a front plate and a back plate, and at least one of the plates has a communication hole, around which the gas adsorption member having a hole is disposed.

Abstract: A PDP with superior light-emitting characteristics and color reproduction is achieved by setting the chromaticity coordinate y (the CIE color specification) of light to 0.08 or less, more preferably to 0.07 or less, or 0.06 or less, enabling the color temperature of light to be set to 7,000K or more, and further to 8,000K or more, 9,000K or more, or 10,000K or more. The PDP is manufactured by a method in which the processes for heating the fluorescent substances such as the fluorescent substance baking, sealing material temporary baking, bonding, and exhausting processes are performed in the dry gas atmosphere, or in an atmosphere in which a dry gas is circulated at a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure.