Abstract: A deformable mirror device includes a substrate; a plurality of electrodes provided on the substrate; a spacer disposed on the substrate; a support member disposed above the spacer and having an opening passing through from a first face of the support member facing to the substrate to a second face of the support member opposite from the first face; a deformable electrode film formed below the first face of the support member so as to be opposed to the electrodes with a distance and so as to cover the opening; an insulation film provided between the deformable electrode film and the support member; and a reflection film provided on a face of the deformable electrode film opposite from the electrodes so as to overlap the opening. The electrodes are electrically insulated each other by a plurality of grooves radially extending from a region which includes a position corresponding to a center of the opening.

Abstract: A deformable mirror device includes a substrate; a plurality of electrodes provided on the substrate; a spacer disposed on the substrate; a support member disposed above the spacer and having an opening passing through from a first face of the support member facing to the substrate to a second face of the support member opposite from the first face; a deformable electrode film formed below the first face of the support member so as to be opposed to the electrodes with a distance and so as to cover the opening; an insulation film provided between the deformable electrode film and the support member; a reflection film provided on a face of the deformable electrode film opposite from the electrodes so as to overlap the opening; and a plurality of through holes passing through the reflection film and the deformable electrode film and disposed so as to overlap the opening.

Abstract: A deforming method for a deformable mirror having plural electrodes and a reflective membrane which are distorted by static voltages. The Zernike voltage template used to deform a deformable mirror is adapted for aberration correction by calibrating each component template according to the specificity of the mirror. The voltages applied to the electrodes to form a surface profile of the reflective membrane are measured based on the reflection light from the membrane. A certain number of voltage-by-electrode patterns each of which corresponds to a different reference profile of the reflective membrane and specifies each set of a voltage and an electrode to which the voltage is to be applied are stored preliminarily. The reflective membrane is deformed to a desired profile by superposing preliminarily stored voltage-by-electrode patterns. The deformation of the mirror is corrected by calibrating each template according to the operational environment.

Abstract: It is made possible to provide a deformable mirror apparatus which is deformable to a complicated shape (high-order shape). A deformable mirror apparatus includes: a substrate; a plurality of electrodes provided on the substrate; a spacer fixed above the substrate, having a first opening passing through from a first face of the spacer facing to the substrate to a second face of the spacer facing opposite from the first face, surrounding the electrodes, and having a step on the second face; a drive part including a membrane part disposed so as to cover the step of the spacer and so as to be opposed to the electrodes, a casing part having an opening at a bottom face of which the membrane part is exposed and supporting the membrane part, and a reflection film provided on the membrane part; and a voltage generator configured to generate predetermined voltage patterns on the electrodes, respectively.

Abstract: It is made possible to improve the variations in the “generated force (load)—deflection characteristics”. A deformable mirror device includes: a substrate; a plurality of electrodes provided on the substrate; a spacer disposed on the substrate; a support member disposed above the spacer and having an opening passing through from a first face of the support member facing to the substrate to a second face of the support member facing opposite from the first face; a first insulation film provided on the first face of the support member; a second insulation film provided on the second face of the support member; and a deformable electrode film disposed so as to be opposed to the electrodes at a spacing, formed so as to cover the opening, and supported by the support member with sandwiching the first insulation film.

Abstract: A method of recovering and recycling solvents, comprising, during printing or coating of solvent-recoverable and recyclable printing ink composition comprising solvents, a step of recovering the solvents vaporized in a solvent recovery apparatus, a step of separating the solvents obtained into one or more single solvents and/or one or more azeotropic compositions of two or more solvents by multi-stage distillation, and a step of recycling them as a printing ink raw material and/or dilution solvent raw material.

Abstract: For the purpose of mixing laser light (P0) from a laser light source (18), the laser light (P0) is made incident on a first end surface of an optical fiber (24), and is emitted from a second end surface of the optical fiber (24). Subsequently, laser light (P1) emitted from the second end surface of the optical fiber (24) is made incident on a first end surface of an optical fiber (28), and is emitted from a second end surface of the optical fiber (28). A swinging micro-electromechanical system (27) having a mirror plate (27a) is interposed between the second end surface of the optical fiber (24) and the first end surface of the optical fiber (28). Thus, the mirror plate (27a) is swung, and a laser beam (P4) is thereby shifted and mixed.

Abstract: A variable optical attenuator for adjusting a power of light which is output from an output end of a first optical fiber and is to be led to an input end of a second optical fiber, includes a reflection member which reflects the light output from the output end of the first optical fiber, a density filter which transmits the light reflected from the reflection member and controls the power of the light which is transmitted by the density filter depending on a light-transmitting position on the density filter, and an optical member which reflects the light transmitted by the density filter to lead the light to the reflection member. The reflection member is disposed tiltably, the power of the light transmitted by the density filter attenuates along a direction in which the light-transmitting position is changed, and the light-transmitting position of the light is changed by tilting the reflection member.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic apparatus includes an imaging system that illuminates a retina of an eye, and images the retina of the eye based on reflective luminous flux from the retina, an aberration measurement part that measures optical aberration of the eye, an aberration compensation device disposed in the imaging system to compensate the optical aberration of the eye based on a signal from the aberration measurement part, a first focusing device disposed in an optical path of the imaging system to perform focusing of the image of the retina of the eye according to a refractive property of the eye, and a second focusing device disposed in the optical path of the imaging system to compensate infinitesimal spherical aberration generated by the aberration compensation device after adjustment by the first focusing device.

Abstract: A wavefront aberration compensating apparatus, which includes: a deformable mirror having electrodes and a thin-film mirror; an optical system provided with the deformable mirror and including an object; a wavefront sensor which measures a wavefront aberration of a light flux; and a controller configured to: calculate a first voltage value applied to each of the electrodes, on the basis of differences between application points on the thin-film mirror and target points both corresponding to the electrodes respectively; determine a superposition amplitude value of each expansion mode according to a polynomial of wavefront aberration, and calculate a second voltage value applied to each of the electrodes by using voltage templates previously stored, such that the wavefront aberration obtained by the wavefront sensor becomes a desired aberration; determine the voltage value applied to each of the electrodes, by mainly using the second voltage value in an initial stage of compensation of the configuration of the

Abstract: A wavefront aberration compensating apparatus, including: a deformable mirror which compensates a wavefront aberration of a light flux and includes electrodes, and a thin-film mirror which changes a configuration thereof in accordance with a voltage value applied to each of the electrodes; an optical system provided with the deformable mirror and including an object subjected to aberration compensation; a wavefront sensor which measures the wavefront aberration of the light flux; a memory which stores therein a voltage template provided for each expansion mode according to a polynomial of wavefront aberration, as a voltage alignment data for the electrodes which induces the corresponding expansion mode; and a controller configured to determine a superposition amplitude value of each of the expansion modes and calculate the voltage value applied to each of the electrodes by using the voltage templates stored such that the wavefront aberration obtained by the wavefront sensor becomes a desired aberration, and t

Abstract: A deformable mirror device includes a substrate; a plurality of electrodes provided on the substrate; a spacer disposed on the substrate; a support member disposed above the spacer and having an opening passing through from a first face of the support member facing to the substrate to a second face of the support member opposite from the first face; a deformable electrode film formed below the first face of the support member so as to be opposed to the electrodes with a distance and so as to cover the opening; an insulation film provided between the deformable electrode film and the support member; a reflection film provided on a face of the deformable electrode film opposite from the electrodes so as to overlap the opening; and a plurality of through holes passing through the reflection film and the deformable electrode film and disposed so as to overlap the opening.

Abstract: A deformable mirror device includes a substrate; a plurality of electrodes provided on the substrate; a spacer disposed on the substrate; a support member disposed above the spacer and having an opening passing through from a first face of the support member facing to the substrate to a second face of the support member opposite from the first face; a deformable electrode film formed below the first face of the support member so as to be opposed to the electrodes with a distance and so as to cover the opening; an insulation film provided between the deformable electrode film and the support member; and a reflection film provided on a face of the deformable electrode film opposite from the electrodes so as to overlap the opening. The electrodes are electrically insulated each other by a plurality of grooves radially extending from a region which includes a position corresponding to a center of the opening.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical preparation of high photostability which contains pitavastatin, which is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, a salt of pitavastatin, or an ester of pitavastatin. The pharmaceutical preparation contains a pitavastatin compound, titanium oxide, and a colorant having a maximum absorption wavelength of 400 nm to 500 nm.

Abstract: It is made possible to provide a deformable mirror apparatus which is deformable to a complicated shape (high-order shape). A deformable mirror apparatus includes: a substrate; a plurality of electrodes provided on the substrate; a spacer fixed above the substrate, having a first opening passing through from a first face of the spacer facing to the substrate to a second face of the spacer facing opposite from the first face, surrounding the electrodes, and having a step on the second face; a drive part including a membrane part disposed so as to cover the step of the spacer and so as to be opposed to the electrodes, a casing part having an opening at a bottom face of which the membrane part is exposed and supporting the membrane part, and a reflection film provided on the membrane part; and a voltage generator configured to generate predetermined voltage patterns on the electrodes, respectively.

Abstract: A wavefront aberration compensating apparatus, including: a deformable mirror which compensates a wavefront aberration of a light flux and includes electrodes, and a thin-film mirror which changes a configuration thereof in accordance with a voltage value applied to each of the electrodes; an optical system provided with the deformable mirror and including an object subjected to aberration compensation; a wavefront sensor which measures the wavefront aberration of the light flux; a memory which stores therein a voltage template provided for each expansion mode according to a polynomial of wavefront aberration, as a voltage alignment data for the electrodes which induces the corresponding expansion mode; and a controller configured to determine a superposition amplitude value of each of the expansion modes and calculate the voltage value applied to each of the electrodes by using the voltage templates stored such that the wavefront aberration obtained by the wavefront sensor becomes a desired aberration, and t

Abstract: A wavefront aberration compensating apparatus, which includes: a deformable mirror having electrodes and a thin-film mirror; an optical system provided with the deformable mirror and including an object; a wavefront sensor which measures a wavefront aberration of a light flux; and a controller configured to: calculate a first voltage value applied to each of the electrodes, on the basis of differences between application points on the thin-film mirror and target points both corresponding to the electrodes respectively; determine a superposition amplitude value of each expansion mode according to a polynomial of wavefront aberration, and calculate a second voltage value applied to each of the electrodes by using voltage templates previously stored, such that the wavefront aberration obtained by the wavefront sensor becomes a desired aberration; determine the voltage value applied to each of the electrodes, by mainly using the second voltage value in an initial stage of compensation of the configuration of the

Abstract: A wavefront aberration compensating apparatus includes: a deformable mirror which compensates a wavefront aberration of a light flux entered, the deformable mirror including a plurality of electrodes, and a thin-film mirror which changes a configuration thereof in accordance with a voltage value applied to each of the electrodes; an optical system provided with the deformable mirror, and including an object subjected to aberration compensation; a wavefront sensor which receives the light flux traveled through the object and the deformable mirror, and which measures the wavefront aberration of the light flux; and a controller configured to calculate the voltage value applied to each of the electrodes, on the basis of differences, from a signal outputted from the wavefront sensor, between application points on the thin-film mirror and target points both corresponding to the electrodes, respectively, and to repeat compensation of the configuration of the thin-film mirror of the deformable mirror on the basis of

Abstract: It is made possible to improve the variations in the “generated force (load)—deflection characteristics”. A deformable mirror device includes: a substrate; a plurality of electrodes provided on the substrate; a spacer disposed on the substrate; a support member disposed above the spacer and having an opening passing through from a first face of the support member facing to the substrate to a second face of the support member facing opposite from the first face; a first insulation film provided around the opening on the first face of the support member; and a deformable electrode film disposed so as to be opposed to the electrodes at a spacing, formed so as to cover the opening, and supported by the support member with sandwiching the first insulation film. The electrode film includes a reflection portion on a face opposite to the electrodes.

Abstract: It is made possible to improve the variations in the “generated force (load)—deflection characteristics”. A deformable mirror device includes: a substrate; a plurality of electrodes provided on the substrate; a spacer disposed on the substrate; a support member disposed above the spacer and having an opening passing through from a first face of the support member facing to the substrate to a second face of the support member facing opposite from the first face; a first insulation film provided on the first face of the support member; a second insulation film provided on the second face of the support member; and a deformable electrode film disposed so as to be opposed to the electrodes at a spacing, formed so as to cover the opening, and supported by the support member with sandwiching the first insulation film.