Abstract: Disclosed is a combined power generation unit 25 that is provided with a gasification unit including a gasification furnace 23 used to produce fuel gas and a gas turbine rotating using the fuel gas produced by the gasification unit to generate power. In order to produce the fuel gas required in the combined power generation unit 25 according to a required power load using the gasification unit, a feed-forward control of the gasification unit is performed, a dead time compensator 71 that compensates a lag and a dead time occurring while the fuel gas is fed from the gasification unit to the combined power generation unit is provided, and the gasification unit is operated using a zero flare process. A dead time compensator 46 is provided to delay the power load that is required in the combined power generation unit 25 on the basis of the lag and the dead time of the gasification unit so that the combined power generation unit 25 is operated while a follow-up is performed with a predetermined delay.

Abstract: The method for producing an aldehyde or ketone compound from a corresponding primary or secondary alcohol at relatively high temperature within a short time with a high yield including a step (1) of reacting a sulfoxide compound with an activating agent to produce an activation reaction product; a step (2) of reacting the activation reaction product with a primary or secondary alcohol to produce an alkoxysulfonium salt; and a step (3) of reacting the reaction product with a base to produce an aldehyde or ketone; wherein at least one of the steps, preferably the step (1) and step (2), are carried out by using a microreactor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing an optically active (S or R)-?-amino acid represented by the formula (II): wherein R represents an alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, cycloalkyl group, aralkyl group, aryl group or heteroaryl group each of which may have a substituent(s), and * represents an asymmetric carbon atom, and an optically active (R or S)-?-amino acid ester represented by the formula (III): wherein R has the same meaning as defined above, R1 represents an alkyl group which may have a substituent(s), and * represents an asymmetric carbon atom, provided that it has a reverse absolute configuration to that of the compound of the formula (II), which comprises selectively hydrolyzing water and one of enantiomers of a ?-amino acid ester represented by the formula (I): wherein R and R1 have the same meanings as defined above, which is a racemic mixture, in the presence of a hydrolase in an organic solvent.

Abstract: The method for producing an aldehyde or ketone compound from a corresponding primary or secondary alcohol at relatively high temperature within a short time with a high yield including a step (1) of reacting a sulfoxide compound with an activating agent to produce an activation reaction product; a step (2) of reacting the activation reaction product with a primary or secondary alcohol to produce an alkoxysulfonium salt; and a step (3) of reacting the reaction product with a base to produce an aldehyde or ketone; wherein at least one of the steps, preferably the step (1) and step (2), are carried out by using a microreactor.

Abstract: A mark representing information of a multivalued level is recorded in each of cells arranged in a recording medium. Upon reproducing the multivalued level from a reproduction signal of the recording medium, the multivalued level of a present cell is judged by referring to a judged multivalued level of a preceding cell preceding the present cell or an ensuing cell ensuing the present cell, or by referring to the judged multivalued levels of both the preceding cell and the ensuing cell.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an n-alkyl 3-amino-3-arylpropionate represented by the formula (I): wherein Ar1 represents an aryl group which may have a substituent(s), provided that a phenyl group and 4-methoxyphenyl group are excluded, R1 represents an n-propyl group or an n-butyl group, and a process for preparing the same, and its optically active compound and an optically active (S or R)-3-amino-3-arylpropionic acid represented by the formula (III-a): wherein Ar represents an aryl group which may have a substituent(s), and * represents an asymmetric carbon, and a process for preparing an optically active n-alkyl (R or S)-3-amino-3-arylpropionate represented by the formula (IV-a): wherein Ar and R1 have the same meanings as defined above, * represents an asymmetric carbon, provided that it has a reverse absolute configuration to the compound of the formula (III-a).

Abstract: A mark representing information of a multivalued level is recorded in each of cells arranged in a recording medium. Upon reproducing the multivalued level from a reproduction signal of the recording medium, the multivalued level of a present cell is judged by referring to a judged multivalued level of a preceding cell preceding the present cell or an ensuing cell ensuing the present cell, or by referring to the judged multivalued levels of both the preceding cell and the ensuing cell.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process which comprises selectively hydrolyzing one enantiomer of racemic mixtures of an N-substituted ?-amino acid alkyl ester or N-substituted 2-homopipecolic acid ester represented by the formula (I): wherein Ar, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are the same as defined in the specification, in the presence of a hydrolase to form an optically active ((R) or (S))-N-substituted-?-amino acid or optically active ((R) or (S))-N-substituted 2-homopipecolic acid represented by the formula (II): and simultaneously to obtain an unreacted optically active ((S) or (R))-N-substituted ?-amino acid alkyl ester or unreacted optically active ((S) or (R))-N-substituted 2-homopipecolic acid ester represented by the formula (III): which has a reverse steric absolute configuration to that of the compound represented by the formula (II).

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a process for producing a 2?-O-acetyl-4?-formyl-8,9-anhydroerythromycin A 6,9-hemiketal compound 4, and it provide a process for producing an erythromycin compound which comprises reacting a formylating agent with a 2?-O-acetylerythromycin A compound 2 to obtain 2-?-O-acetyl-4?-O-formylerythromycin A compound 3, then, acting an acid on Compound 3 to subject to hemiketalation, and then adding an aqueous basic solution in an aqueous solution to precipitate Compound 4 as free crystals.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a process for producing a 2?-O-acetyl-4?-O-formyl-8,9-anhydroerythromycin A 6,9-hemiketal compound 4, and it provide a process for producing an erythromycin compound which comprises reacting a formylating agent with a 2?-O-acetylerythromycin A compound 2 to obtain 2?-O-acetyl-4?-O-formylerythromycin A compound 3, then, acting an acid on Compound 3 to subject to hemiketalation, and then adding an aqueous basic solution in an aqueous solution to precipitate Compound 4 as free crystals.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a 3-substituted oxyglutaric acid diester compound represented by the following formula (I): wherein R1 may be the same or different from each other, and represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, R2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and an optically active 3-substituted oxyglutaric acid monoester compound represented by the following formula (IV): wherein R1 and R2 have the same meanings as defined above, and processes for preparing the same.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a process for producing a 2′-O-acetyl-4″-O-formyl-8,9-anhydroerythromycin A 6,9-hemiketal compound 4, and it provide a process for producing an erythromycin compound which comprises reacting a formylating agent with a 2′-O-acetylerythromycin A compound 2 to obtain 2′-O-acetyl-4″-O-formylerythromycin A compound 3, then, acting an acid on Compound 3 to subject to hemiketalation, and then adding an aqueous basic solution in an aqueous solution to precipitate Compound 4 as free crystals.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a process for producing an erythromycin compound by subjecting a 2′-O-acetyl-4″-O-formyl-11-oxo-8,9-anhydroerythromycin A 6,9-hemiketal compound 1 to alkylation, which comprises reacting Compound 1 with an alkylating agent in the presence of a base in a mixed solvent of 0.18 to 1.05 equivalent of water based on Compound 1 and an organic solvent to give a 2′-O-acetyl-4″-O-formyl-11-oxo-12-alkoxy-8,9-anhydroerythromycin A 6,9-hemiketal compound 3.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel 7a-alkoxy-4H-pyrano-[3,2-d]-oxazol-2(3H)-one represented by the formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group; R3 represents an alkyl group, a cyclo-alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group, provided that a 2-alkenyl group is excluded from the alkenyl group of R3; and R4 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group or a cyano group, and a process for producing the same which comprises reacting 5-alkoxy-2(3H)-oxazolone with an &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated ketone in the presence of a Lewis acid in a solvent.

Abstract: A magnetic tape unit includes a magnetic tape provided with a plurality of tracks, a magnetic head for writing or reading data from the tape, a position determiner for monitoring the relative position between the tape and the head, and a position compensator for adjusting this relative position. The monitoring by the position determiner is performed based on signals read out from the servo control tracks of the tape. The position compensator keeps the magnetic head and tape in proper positional relation based on the results of the monitoring by the position determiner.

Abstract: A mark representing information of a multivalued level is recorded in each of cells arranged in a recording medium. Upon reproducing the multivalued level from a reproduction signal of the recording medium, the multivalued level of a present cell is judged by referring to a judged multivalued level of a preceding cell preceding the present cell or an ensuing cell ensuing the present cell, or by referring to the judged multivalued levels of both the preceding cell and the ensuing cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing 4-alkoxycarbonyl-2-oxazolidinone compound represented by the formula (III): wherein R1 represents H, an alkyl group, an cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group or a phenyl group, R2 represents H, an alkyl group, a phenyl group or an alkenyl group, R3 represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, or a phenyl group, and R4 represents H, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, acycloalkyl group, alkynyl group, an aryl group, a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an acetyl group or a benzoyl group, which comprises reacting a 5-alkoxy-2(3H)oxazolone compound represented by the formula (I): wherein R1, R2 and R3 have the same meanings as defined above, and an aldehyde compound represented by the formula (II): R4CHO  (II) wherein R4 has the same meaning as defined above, in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel 7a-alkoxy-4H-pyrano-[3,2-d]-oxazol-2(3H)-one represented by the formula (I): 1

Abstract: A heat retaining knit fabric is comprised of a knit textile design for outer clothing exposed in an open air wherein heat is retained inside a knit structure and a dispersion of heat is prevented when using heat of wetting generating fiber which generates heat by water adsorption and steam adsorption in a interlock stitch of plating stitch comprising minute space surrounded by two kinds of yarn at the front and the back of each knitted loop in a knit-loop portion.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the compound represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen atoms, R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or an amino group, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 in combination represent .dbd.O or .dbd.NOR.sub.11, where R.sub.11 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 in combination represent .dbd.O, Y represents --N(R.sub.6) (R.sub.7) or --N.sup.+ (R.sub.8) (R.sub.9) (R.sub.10)X.sup.- ; where R.sub.6 to R.sub.10 each represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, etc., and X.sup.- represents an anion,a pharmaceutical composition containing the same and a process for producing the same.