Abstract: The electrode lengths of a plurality of electrodes linearly arranged in an acceleration cavity are proportional to the velocity of a traveling ion beam. Further, the electrode length is so designated that, in each half of a predetermined cycle in the ion beam direction of travel, the absolute value of a difference, relative to a length that is proportional to the beam traveling velocity is equal to or greater than a value corresponding to the phase width of the traveling ion beam, is provided for electrodes that do not exceed three units and that are fewer than electrodes allotted to half the predetermined cycle.

Abstract: Provision is made for a particle-beam treatment system in which, even during particle-beam irradiation, the shape of a multileaf collimator is monitored. The particle-beam treatment system, in which multi-layer conformal irradiation is performed while the setting of the shape of the multileaf collimator in an irradiation head is changed during particle-beam irradiation, is provided with an optical shape-monitoring unit mounted attachably and detachably in the snout portion at the downstream side of the multileaf collimator, the optical shape-monitoring unit having a shape-monitoring mirror, opposing the multileaf collimator, for monitoring the shape of the multileaf collimator; a video camera for shooting the multileaf-collimator shape reflected by the shape-monitoring mirror; and an image monitor for displaying an image of the video camera that shoots the shape of the multileaf collimator.

Abstract: In a particle beam irradiation method and a particle beam irradiation apparatus in which depth direction irradiation field spread and lateral direction irradiation field spread are performed, an irradiation dose in each of irradiation layers of an irradiation target is made substantially constant, and control is simplified. The depth direction irradiation field spread is made the active irradiation field spread in which plural irradiation layers having different ranges in an irradiation direction of the particle beam are superimposed, the lateral direction irradiation field spread is made the active irradiation field spread in which irradiation spots of the particle beam are superimposed in the lateral direction, and a bolus having a shape along a deepest part of the irradiation target in the depth direction is disposed to cross the particle beam.

Abstract: In a toroidal continuously variable transmission, rolling contact portions of an input disc 4, an output disc 7, and roller 13 are formed of bearing steel, which contains C: 0.8-1.5 wt %; Si: 0.5-2.5 wt %; Mn: 0.3-2.0 wt %; Cr: 1.9-2.5 wt %; Mo: 0.3-1.0 wt %; and a total of 1.0 wt % or more of Si and Mo; with the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities. A residual austenite in a range of depth Z=1.0L, where L is the major axis of a contact ellipse of the traction contact portion, from the surface of the rolling contact portion is 15 wt % or less, and the hardness of the range is HRC 58-62 by tempering a blank with a predetermined shape at a temperature of 250° C. or more after quenching the blank.

Abstract: Provision is made for a particle-beam treatment system in which, even during particle-beam irradiation, the shape of a multileaf collimator is monitored. The particle-beam treatment system, in which multi-layer conformal irradiation is performed while the setting of the shape of the multileaf collimator in an irradiation head is changed during particle-beam irradiation, is provided with an optical shape-monitoring unit mounted attachably and detachably in the snout portion at the downstream side of the multileaf collimator, the optical shape-monitoring unit having a shape-monitoring mirror, opposing the multileaf collimator, for monitoring the shape of the multileaf collimator; a video camera for shooting the multileaf-collimator shape reflected by the shape-monitoring mirror; and an image monitor for displaying an image of the video camera that shoots the shape of the multileaf collimator.

Abstract: A rolling, sliding part is made from a bearing steel, and the rolling, sliding surface thereof has a surface layer portion which is 56 to 64 in Rockwell C hardness, up to 12 vol. % in retained austenite content and 4 to 6 degrees in the X-ray half value width of martensite. Even if made from a common bearing steel, the rolling, sliding part is reduced in the likelihood of developing a WEA or like fatigue structure, consequently exhibiting a prolonged rolling, sliding life for use under severe conditions involving a high temperature, high speed, high load or high vibration.

Abstract: A sand-introducing device that uses air for introducing molding sand in a molding space or spaces is provided. The device is provided with air-permeable partitioning plates that define a double-walled structure together with the wall of the body of the device. The air-permeable partitioning plates are easily produced, they can easily inject pressurized air of a desired pressure, and they will not need regular maintenance. The body of the device, which acts as a pressure tank, defines a double-walled structure together with the air-permeable partitioning plates (10, 11), thereby defining chambers (12, 13). In the sand-introducing device that uses air, while molding sand is fluidized by pressurized air injected from the air-permeable partitioning plates, it is introduced in a molding space. Each air-permeable partitioning plate is made of a porous resin or metal.

Abstract: A sand-introducing-type sand molding machine is provided, wherein the apparatus produces a sand mold by leading molding sand into a molding flask or a molding space and filling the space with it by using compressed air, and controlling the pressure-variation inside the sand tank to cause it to correspond to the pattern shape by supplying the compressed air.

Abstract: The electrode lengths of a plurality of electrodes linearly arranged in an acceleration cavity are proportional to the velocity of a traveling ion beam. Further, the electrode length is so designated that, in each half of a predetermined cycle in the ion beam direction of travel, the absolute value of a difference, relative to a length that is proportional to the beam traveling velocity is equal to or greater than a value corresponding to the phase width of the traveling ion beam, is provided for electrodes that do not exceed three units and that are fewer than electrodes allotted to half the predetermined cycle.

Abstract: A particle beam therapeutic apparatus can ensure the uniformity of dose distribution by overlapping the desired loci of the irradiation of a particle beam a reduced number of times. A flow of a particle beam transported so as to be irradiated to a diseased part is caused to deflect in two mutually orthogonal directions perpendicular to the direction of travel of the particle beam. The irradiation position of the particle beam is scanned, upon each period, in a manner to return to a position of irradiation located at the start of the period, whereby a plurality of loci drawn within one period are overlapped with one another thereby to irradiate a desired planned dose to the diseased part. The particle beam can be interrupted only at the end of the period.

Abstract: In a particle beam irradiation method and a particle beam irradiation apparatus in which depth direction irradiation field spread and lateral direction irradiation field spread are performed, an irradiation dose in each of irradiation layers of an irradiation target is made substantially constant, and control is simplified. The depth direction irradiation field spread is made the active irradiation field spread in which plural irradiation layers having different ranges in an irradiation direction of the particle beam are superimposed, the lateral direction irradiation field spread is made the active irradiation field spread in which irradiation spots of the particle beam are superimposed in the lateral direction, and a bolus having a shape along a deepest part of the irradiation target in the depth direction is disposed to cross the particle beam.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device of electrodes for measuring water content in foundry sand, an apparatus for measuring water content in foundry sand, and a method and an apparatus for supplying water to a sand mixer. When the prior-art device for measuring water content in the foundry sand is disposed in it, the size or shape of the device of the electrodes is limited.

Abstract: In a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission according to the present invention, rolling contact portions of an input disc 4, an output disc 7, and roller 13 are formed of bearing steel, which contains C: 0.8-1.5 wt %; Si: 0.5-2.5 wt %; Mn: 0.3-2.0 wt %; Cr: 1.9-2.5 wt %; Mo: 0.3-1.0 wt %; and a total of 1.0 wt % or more of Si and Mo; with the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities. A residual austenite in a range of depth Z=1.0L, where L is the major axis of a contact ellipse of the traction contact portion, from the surface of the rolling contact portion is 15 wt % or less, and the hardness of the range is HRC 58-62 by tempering a blank with a predetermined shape at a temperature of 250° C. or more after quenching the blank.

Abstract: [Problem] In a particle beam irradiation method and a particle beam irradiation apparatus in which depth direction irradiation field spread and lateral direction irradiation field spread are performed, an irradiation dose in each of irradiation layers of an irradiation target is made substantially constant, the control is simplified, and an irradiation error by the displacement of the irradiation target is reduced. [Means for Resolution] The depth direction irradiation field spread is made active irradiation field spread to superimpose plural irradiation layers having different ranges in an irradiation direction of the particle beam, a bolus having a shape along a deepest part of the irradiation target in the depth direction is disposed to cross the particle beam, and at least one irradiation layer selected from the plural irradiation layers is re-irradiated once or more with the particle beam.

Abstract: A rolling, sliding member is formed from a steel containing 0.9 wt. % to 1.1 wt. % C, 0.5 wt. % to 3.0 wt. % Si, 0.05 wt. % to 0.5 wt. % Mn, 2.0 wt. % to 5.0 wt. % Cr, and 0.05 wt. % to 0.5 wt. % Mo, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. The average grain size of spheroidal carbide is 0.6 ?m or less, and the spheroidal carbide content is 6.0% or less as percent area. In a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, the rolling, sliding member is used as at least either disks 4 and 9 each having a concave raceway surface on a side surface thereof, or rollers 16 rolling on raceway surfaces 4b and 9b of the disks 4 and 9. The toroidal-type continuously variable transmission using the rolling, sliding member of the present invention exhibits long life.

Abstract: A rolling/sliding member used for a toroidal continuously variable transmission according to the present invention is made of steel containing at least C: not less than 0.8 wt % and not more than 1.5 wt %, Si: not less than 0.9 wt % and not more than 2.1 wt % and Cr: not less than 2 wt % and not more than 5 wt %, and by applying surface hardening through machining to a surface whose surface hardness is set to not less than 60 HRC and not more than 64 HRC through quenching/tempering, surface compression residual stress thereof is set to not less than 700 MPa and not more than 1100 MPa. Furthermore, the amount of reduction of surface hardness when heated at 300° C. is set to not more than 1 HRC.

Abstract: A steel part having a long rolling contact fatigue life and capable of further increasing the life of a bearing under severer using condition than usual conditions. The steel part includes steel having a composition containing 0.7% by mass to 1.1% by mass of C, 0.5% by mass to 2.0% by mass of Si, 0.4% by mass to 2.5% by mass of Mn, 1.6% by mass to 5.0% by mass of Cr, 0.1% by mass to less than 0.5% by mass of Mo, 0.010% by mass to 0.050% by mass of Al, less than 0.0015% by mass of Sb as an impurity, and the balance composed of Fe and inevitable impurities, the steel being hardened and tempered. In the steel structure of a portion from the surface to a depth of 5 mm, residual cementite has a grain diameter of 0.05 to 1.5 ?m, prior austenite has a grain diameter of 30 ?m or less, and the ratio by volume of the residual austenite is less than 25%.

Abstract: A particle beam therapeutic apparatus can ensure the uniformity of dose distribution by overlapping the desired loci of the irradiation of a particle beam a reduced number of times. A flow of a particle beam transported so as to be irradiated to a diseased part is caused to deflect in two mutually orthogonal directions perpendicular to the direction of travel of the particle beam. The irradiation position of the particle beam is scanned, upon each period, in a manner to return to a position of irradiation located at the start of the period, whereby a plurality of loci drawn within one period are overlapped with one another thereby to irradiate a desired planned dose to the diseased part. The particle beam can be interrupted only at the end of the period.

Abstract: A successive approximation A/D converter includes first and second S/H and comparators sampling and holding first and second external analog input voltages simultaneously and comparing the held, first and second external analog input voltages with a reference voltage to output first and second signals having levels corresponding to resultant comparisons, and a reference voltage generator operative in response to the first and second signals to generate the reference voltage. The two S/H and comparators share the single reference voltage generator. A reduced chip area can be achieved.

Abstract: Provided are a steel having excellent rolling contact fatigue life and the manufacturing method thereof. The steel consists essentially of 0.7 to 1.1% C, 0.2 to 2.0% Si, 0.4 to 2.5% Mn, 1.6 to 4.0% Cr, 0.1% or more and less than 0.5% Mo, 0.010 to 0.050% Al, bymass, and balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, is treated by quenching and tempering, has residual cementite grain sizes ranging from 0.05 to 1.5 ?m, and has prior-austenite grain sizes of 30 ?m or smaller. When the steel is used to bearing steel, the bearing life extends even under service in more severe environments.