Abstract: The present invention reduces weak points in the insulation films of electro-luminescence (EL) panels by constructing, at least the lower part of the insulating film, as a coated film comprising an insulator in film form created by coating a fluidic material in an EL indicating panel which includes a light emitting film disposed between a lower electrode film and an upper electrode film, and insulation films disposed in a way that will make contact with the light emitting film; and further by forming the contours of the light emitting film parts larger than the area in which the lower and upper electrode films intersect with each other in an EL indicating panel in which the light emitting film is divided into many light emitting film parts.

Abstract: During manufacture of electroluminescent elements, layers of material are deposited upon a substrate as it is moving in a vacuum chamber beneath masks that shield the terminal regions of transparent electrodes formed upon the substrate. The masks are arranged so as to not contact the substrate, and are placed between the layer-forming material source. First insulation films, the light-emitting layers, or the second insulation films, or combinations thereof may be deposited using the method.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic recording medium which comprises;(a) a non-magnetic support; and provided thereon, in sequence(b) a conductive layer containing carbon black preferably with a DBP absorption of 100 cc/.sub.100g or more, an average particle size of 5 to 30 microns and a pH of less than 5; and(c) a magnetic layer;(I) containing tabular barium ferrite magnetic particles in each of which the axis of easy magnetization is substantially perpendicular to the plane surface and 7 to 30 parts by weight of alpha alumina; and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of said magnetic particles, of carbon black with an average particle size of 40 to 300 m.mu.; and(II) is formed on said conductive layer by the wet-on-wet method; a magnetic recording medium according to this invention is improved both in durability and electromagnetic conversion characteristics.

Abstract: A magnetic disc is disclosed, which comprises a disc-shaped magnetic recording medium having a magnetic layer comprising a ferromagnetic powder and a binder and a case having a liner of a nonwoven fabric comprising a polyester fiber or a polyacrylonitrile fiber in a ratio of not less than 30% by weight. The binder of the magnetic recording medium comprises a modified polyurethane resin containing a a polar group selected from the group consisting of a -SO.sub.3 M group, a --OSO.sub.3 M group, a --COOM group, a --PO(OM).sub.2 group and a --OPO(OM).sub.2 group, in which M is a hydrogen atom or a alkali metal atom, or a hydroxyl group provided that the polar group may form an intramolecular salt.