Abstract: A four-phase dual pumping circuit has a number of stages according to the required output voltage based on an input voltage. Each stage has a first pumping unit and a second pumping unit that are mirror and identical to each other and electrically coupled to each other. The dual pumping circuit is controlled by four-phase clocks which are made from one pair of out of phase clocks. The transistors of the dual pumping circuit have special substrate connection to minimize body effects. The four-phase dual pumping circuit uses NMOSFETS for negative pumping and PMOSFETS for positive pumping.

Abstract: A charge pump circuit has input and output nodes, a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor. A drain of the first transistor and a drain of the second transistor are connected to the input node. A source of the second transistor and a drain of the third transistor are connected to the output node. The first capacitor is connected to a gate of the second transistor. The third transistor is connected to a substrate and a source of the second transistor. When the first transistor is turned on, a voltage at the input node will charge the first capacitor. When the second transistor is turned on, the third transistor is turned on simultaneously so that the substrate and the source of the second transistor will reach the same voltage level. Then, voltage at the input node will charge the second capacitor.

Abstract: A charge pump circuit has input and output nodes, a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor. A drain of the first transistor and a drain of the second transistor are connected to the input node. A source of the second transistor and a drain of the third transistor are connected to the output node. The first capacitor is connected to a gate of the second transistor. The third transistor is connected to a substrate and a source of the second transistor. When the first transistor is turned on, a voltage at the input node will charge the first capacitor. When the second transistor is turned on, the third transistor is turned on simultaneously so that the substrate and the source of the second transistor will reach the same voltage level. Then, voltage at the input node will charge the second capacitor.

Abstract: A control system for a skid steer vehicle reads a load height sensor, a load amount sensor, and a vehicle speed sensor to derate the otherwise commanded acceleration, deceleration and turning rate on the vehicle when the vehicle has too great a load, too high a load, or the vehicle is going too fast.

Abstract: A skid steer vehicle has sprung suspensions, variable displacement pumps and motors connected to those pumps that drive the wheels on the vehicle as well as an electronic controller that receives signals that indicate fore-and-aft acceleration of the skid steer vehicle. Based on these signals, the controller determines whether the forward acceleration exceeds a predetermined value and locks up the rear suspensions if that value is exceeded. It also determines whether the forward deceleration exceeds a predetermined value and locks up the front suspensions if that value is exceeded. The signals can be provided by an accelerometer, a satellite receiver, wheel/motor speed sensors, sensors in the pumps that signal the specific displacement of the pumps such as their swash plate positions, or memory locations that contain previously calculated specific displacement commands that are used to drive the pumps to a particular specific displacement.

Abstract: A skid steer vehicle has sprung suspensions that can be locked to prevent vertical movement with respect to the chassis of the vehicle. The operator controls include a switch that the operator can manipulate to lock the suspensions on command. The switch is mounted on a joystick that is used to perform other vehicle functions such as moving the vehicle, raising loader arms, or tilting the bucket or other implement attached to the loader arms. The switch is located on the joystick such that the operator can manipulate the switch without having to remove his hands from the joystick.

Abstract: A skid steer vehicle has sprung suspensions, variable displacement pumps and motors connected to those pumps that drive the wheels on the vehicle as well as an electronic controller that receives signals that indicate lateral acceleration of the skid steer vehicle during turns. The controller determines whether the lateral acceleration exceeds a predetermined value, and locks up the outboard suspensions if that value is exceeded. The signals can be provided by an accelerometer, a satellite receiver, wheel/motor speed sensors, sensors in the pumps that signal the specific displacement of the pumps (such as their swash plate position, or memory locations that contain previously calculated specific displacement commands that are used to drive the pumps to a particular displacement.

Abstract: A charge pump circuit has input and output nodes, a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor. A drain of the first transistor and a drain of the second transistor are connected to the input node. A source of the second transistor and a drain of the third transistor are connected to the output node. The first capacitor is connected to a gate of the second transistor. The third transistor is connected to a substrate and a source of the second transistor. When the first transistor is turned on, a voltage at the input node will charge the first capacitor. When the second transistor is turned on, the third transistor is turned on simultaneously so that the substrate and the source of the second transistor will reach the same voltage level. Then, voltage at the input node will charge the second capacitor.

Abstract: A skid steer vehicle includes a chassis mounted on four sprung suspensions that are controlled by an electronic controller. The controller monitors the speed of the vehicle and locks the suspensions when the vehicle falls below a predetermined speed.

Abstract: A skid steer vehicle has a sprung suspension system including four wheels mounted on four swing arms that are pivotally coupled to the chassis of the vehicle. An electronic controller is connected both to position sensors coupled to the swing arms to sense the position of the swing arms and wheels with respect to the chassis and also to hydraulic cylinders that control the position of the swing arms and wheels. The electronic controller determines the average position of each suspension and controls the flow of fluid to the cylinders to keep the swing arms and wheels at their proper target height when vehicle load changes.

Abstract: A charge pump circuit has input and output nodes, a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor. A drain of the first transistor and a drain of the second transistor are connected to the input node. A source of the second transistor and a drain of the third transistor are connected to the output node. The first capacitor is connected to a gate of the second transistor. The third transistor is connected to a substrate and a source of the second transistor. When the first transistor is turned on, a voltage at the input node will charge the first capacitor. When the second transistor is turned on, the third transistor is turned on simultaneously so that the substrate and the source of the second transistor will reach the same voltage level. Then, voltage at the input node will charge the second capacitor.

Abstract: A complementary code keying (CCK) demodulation system is disclosed, and more particularly relates to both of a bi-stage correlation calculation demodulation system, and a fast walsh block demodulation device at a receiver, wherein the bi-stage correlation calculation demodulation system has a characteristic of bi-stage correlation calculation in which the subsequent second-stage correlation calculations are dependent on the first-stage correlation calculation results by utilizing an incomplete orthogonal property within CCK codewords to arrange the CCK codewords operated in the first-stage correlation calculations and second-stage correlation calculations properly and respectively. Thus, the operation quantities of correlation calculations are reduced substantially, and the codeword transmitted from transmitter is resolved rapidly, so that the complexity of receiver is decreased and the demodulating speed is speeded up.

Abstract: A skid steer vehicle with sprung suspensions is configured to lock the suspensions whenever the operator manipulates a manual control that generates a signal to move the loader arms or the bucket of the vehicle. The operator control, such as a joystick, sends a signal to an electronic controller indicating that the operator has moved the control and is thereby requesting the loader arms or bucket to move. The electronic controller responds to this signal by moving the loader arms or bucket and simultaneously locking the suspensions.

Abstract: A skid steer vehicle has sprung suspensions, variable displacement pumps and motors connected to those pumps that drive the wheels on the vehicle as well as an electronic controller that receives signals that indicate lateral acceleration of the skid steer vehicle during turns. The controller determines whether the lateral acceleration exceeds a predetermined value, and locks up the outboard suspensions if that value is exceeded. The signals can be provided by an accelerometer, a satellite receiver, wheel/motor speed sensors, sensors in the pumps that signal the specific displacement of the pumps (such as their swash plate position, or memory locations that contain previously calculated specific displacement commands that are used to drive the pumps to a particular displacement.

Abstract: A skid steer vehicle includes a chassis mounted on four sprung suspensions that are controlled by an electronic controller. The controller monitors the speed of the vehicle and locks the suspensions when the vehicle falls below a predetermined speed.

Abstract: A skid steer vehicle has sprung suspensions that can be locked to prevent vertical movement with respect to the chassis of the vehicle. The operator controls include a switch that the operator can manipulate to lock the suspensions on command. The switch is mounted on a joystick that is used to perform other vehicle functions such as moving the vehicle, raising loader arms, or tilting the bucket or other implement attached to the loader arms. The switch is located on the joystick such that the operator can manipulate the switch without having to remove his hands from the joystick.

Abstract: A skid steer vehicle has a sprung suspension system including four wheels mounted on four swing arms that are pivotally coupled to the chassis of the vehicle. An electronic controller is connected both to position sensors coupled to the swing arms to sense the position of the swing arms and wheels with respect to the chassis and also to hydraulic cylinders that control the position of the swing arms and wheels. The electronic controller determines the average position of each suspension and controls the flow of fluid to the cylinders to keep the swing arms and wheels at their proper target height when vehicle load changes.

Abstract: A skid steer vehicle has sprung suspensions, variable displacement pumps and motors connected to those pumps that drive the wheels on the vehicle as well as an electronic controller that receives signals that indicate fore-and-aft acceleration of the skid steer vehicle. Based on these signals, the controller determines whether the forward acceleration exceeds a predetermined value and locks up the rear suspensions if that value is exceeded. It also determines whether the forward deceleration exceeds a predetermined value and locks up the front suspensions if that value is exceeded. The signals can be provided by an accelerometer, a satellite receiver, wheel/motor speed sensors, sensors in the pumps that signal the specific displacement of the pumps such as their swash plate positions, or memory locations that contain previously calculated specific displacement commands that are used to drive the pumps to a particular specific displacement.

Abstract: A skid steer vehicle with sprung suspensions is configured to lock the suspensions whenever the operator manipulates a manual control that generates a signal to move the loader arms or the bucket of the vehicle. The operator control, such as a joystick, sends a signal to an electronic controller indicating that the operator has moved the control and is thereby requesting the loader arms or bucket to move. The electronic controller responds to this signal by moving the loader arms or bucket and simultaneously locking the suspensions.

Abstract: A multi-level memory cell has a substrate, a first floating gate, a second floating gate and a control gate. A first doped region, a second doped region and a channel region located between the first doped region and the second doped region are provided in the substrate. The first floating gate is located over the channel region near the first doped region. The second floating gate is located over the channel region near the second doped region and isolated from the first floating gate. A control gate is located over the first and the second floating gates. When writing operations are proceeding, the bias voltages of the control gates are the same, and a constant bias voltage is provided on the first doped region or the second doped region depending on which binary states 11, 10, 01 or 00 are to write. Furthermore, the same bias voltage is used on the control gate during writing operation. Thus, the memory per unit chip area is enhanced and the peripheral circuits are simplified.