Abstract: 1,4-Dihydropyridines bearing carbonyl functions in the 3- and 5-positions, being optionally substituted by lower alkyl in the 6-position, being substituted in the 4-position by lower alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic group, and being fused through the 1- and 2-positions to a five, six or seven membered cycloalkyl ring, one methylene group of which can be replaced by sulfur, oxygen imino or alkylimino, are anti-hypertensive agents and coronary vessel dilators. The compounds, of which 6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,2-pentamethylene-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dica rboxylic acid 3,5-diethyl ester is a representative embodiment, are prepared through condensation of an ylideneacetoacetic acid ester and a cyclic enamino carbonyl derivative.

Abstract: 2,6-Diamino-1,4-dihydropyridines bearing carbonyl functions in the 3- and 5-positions and being substituted in the 4-position by lower alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic group are antihypertensive agents and coronary vessel dilators. The compounds, of which 2,6-diamino-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid 3,5-diethyl ester is a representative embodiment, are prepared through condensation of an amidine with either an aldehyde or an ylidenecyanoacetoacetic acid ester.

Abstract: 1,4-DINYDROPYRIDINE CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS OF THE FORMULA: ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable nontoxic salt thereof wherein R, R.sub.1 R.sub.2 R.sub.3 R.sub.4 X and Y are defined hereinafterAre useful for their coronary activity, particularly as coronary vessel dilators and as antihypertensives.

Abstract: 1,4-Dihydropyridines characterized by alkyl groups in 2- and 6-positions, a pyridyl group in 4-position, a carboxylate in 5-position and an aminoalkyl carboxylate group in 3 position, demonstrate coronary vessel dilation and anti-hypertensive effects.

Abstract: 1,4-Dihydropyridines bearing carbonyl functions in the 3- and 5-positions, being optionally substituted by lower alkyl in the 6-position, being substituted in the 4-position by lower alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic group, and being fused through the 1- and 2-positions to a five, six or seven membered cycloalkyl ring, one methylene group of which can be replaced by sulfur, oxygen imino or alkylimino, are anti-hypertensive agents and coronary vessel dilators. The compounds, of which 6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,2-pentamethylene-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dica rboxylic acid 3,5-diethyl ester is a representative embodiment, are prepared through condensation of an ylideneacetoacetic acid ester and a cyclic enamino carbonyl derivative.

Abstract: 2-Amino-1,4-dihydropyridines bearing a carbonyl function in the 5-position and being optionally substituted by lower alkyl or phenyl in the 6-position, and the corresponding 2-amino-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-5-oxoquinolines, which derivatives are further substituted by a carbonyl group in the 3-position and optionally substituted in the 4-position by lower alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic group are antihypertensive agents and coronary vessel dilators. The compounds, of which 2-amino-6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid 3,5-diethyl ester is a representative embodiment, are prepared through condensation of an ylideneacetoacetic acid ester and an amidine.

Abstract: 2,6-Diamino-1,4-dihydropyridines bearing carbonyl functions in the 3- and 5-positions and being substituted in the 4-position by lower alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic group are antihypertensive agents and coronary vessel dilators. The compounds, of which 2,6-diamino-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid 3,5-diethyl ester is a representative embodiment, are prepared through condensation of an amidine with either an aldehyde or an ylidenecyanoacetoacetic acid ester.

Abstract: 1,4-Dihydropyridines bearing carbonyl functions in the 3- and 5-positions, being optionally substituted by lower alkyl in the 6-position, being substituted in the 4-position by lower alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic group, and being fused through the 1- and 2-positions to a five, six or seven membered cycloalkyl ring, one methylene group of which can be replaced by sulfur, oxygen imino or alkylimino, are antihypertensive agents and coronary vessel dilators. The compounds, of which 6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,2-pentamethylene-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dica rboxylic acid 3,5-diethyl ester is a representative embodiment, are prepared through condensation of an ylideneacetoacetic acid ester and a cyclic enamino carbonyl derivative.

Abstract: 2-Amino-6-dialkylaminodihydropyridines exist in tautomeric form and are represented by the formulae ##STR1## WHEREIN R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are the same or different and each is straight, branched or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl or said alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl interrupted by 1 or 2 oxygen atoms;R.sub.2 is a saturated, partially unsaturated or unsaturated straight, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon; aryl unsubstituted or substituted by 1, 2 or 3 of the same or different substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, azido, halo, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, carbalkoxy and SO.sub.n -alkyl wherein n is 0, 1 or 2; naphthyl; quinolyl; isoquinolyl; pyridyl; pyrimidyl; thenyl; or furyl; andR.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each lower alkyl; benzyl; or, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a 4- to 7-membered ring.

Abstract: 3-Substituted 2-amino-3,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid esters are produced by reacting 2-amino-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid esters with an alkylating agent in the presence of an inert organic solvent at a temperature of from 20.degree. C to 200.degree. C. The compounds, of which 2-amino-3,6-dimethyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester is a typical embodiment, possess antihypertensive and coronary dilating properties.

Abstract: 3,6-Diamino-3,4-dihydro-2-pyridones of the formula ##SPC1##WhereinR.sub.1 is straight or branched chain alkyl or alkenyl or said alkyl or alkenyl interrupted by 1 or 2 oxygen atoms;R.sub.2 is straight or branched chain alkyl; alkenyl; alkynyl; cycloalkyl; cycloalkenyl; cycloalkynyl; aryl unsubstituted or substituted by 1 to 3 of the same or different substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carbalkoxy and SO.sub.n -alkyl wherein n is 0 to 2; naphthyl; quinolyl; isoquinolyl; pyridyl, pyrimidyl, thienyl; or furyl; andR.sub.3 is straight or branched chain alkyl; or aryl unsubstituted or substituted by alkyl, alkoxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl or halo;Are produced by reacting a 4-ylidene-1,3-oxazoline-5-one of the formula ##SPC2##Wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are as above defined, with an amidinoacetic acid ester of the formula ##EQU1## or a salt thereof, WHEREIN R.sub.

Abstract: 2-Amino-1,4-dihydropyridines bearing a carbonyl function in the 5-position and being optionally substituted by lower alkyl or phenyl in the 6-position, and the corresponding 2-amino-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-5-oxoquinolines, which derivatives are further substituted by a carbonyl group in the 3-position and optionally substituted in the 4-position by lower alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic group are antihypertensive agents and coronary vessel dilators. The compounds, of which 2-amino-6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid 3,5-diethyl ester is a representative embodiment, are prepared through condensation of an ylideneacetoacetic acid ester and an amidine.

Abstract: 2-Amino-3,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid ester derivatives are produced by reacting 2-amino-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid ester derivatives with an alkylating agent in the presence of an inert organic solvent at a temperature of from 20.degree. to 200.degree. C. and exhibit antihypertensive and coronary dilating properties.

Abstract: 2-Amino-1,4-dihydropyridines bearing a carbonyl function in the 5-position and being optionally substituted by lower alkyl or phenyl in the 6-position, and the corresponding 2-amino-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-5-oxoquinolines, which derivatives are further substituted by a carbonyl group in the 3-position and optionally substituted in the 4-position by lower alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic group are antihypertensive agents and coronary vessel dilators. The compounds, of which 2-amino-6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid 3,5-diethyl ester is a representative embodiment, are prepared through condensation of an ylideneacetoacetic acid ester and an amidine.

Abstract: 1,4-DIHYDROPYRIDINE CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS OF THE FORMULA: ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable nontoxic salt thereof wherein R is hydrogen, straight- or branched-chain lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or lower alkynyl;R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 are the same or different and are each hydrogen or straight- or branched-chain lower alkyl;X is straight- or branched-chain lower alkylene;Y is .alpha.-, .beta.-, or .gamma.-pyridyl, or the moiety NR'R" whereinR' and R" are the same or different and are each hydrogen or lower alkyl, orR' and R", together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocyclic ring wherein said nitrogen atom is the only heteroatom, or a 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocyclic ring which has at least one additional heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulphur, NH or N-(lower alkyl);R.sup.

Abstract: 2-NITROBENZALDEHYDE, A VALUABLE CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATE, IS PREPARED THROUGH THE OXIDATION OF AN ALKALI METAL SALT OF 2-NITROPHENYLPYRUVIC ACID WITH POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE IN AN ALKALINE MEDIUM. Advantageously the requisite starting material is prepared directly by the reaction of 2-nitrotoluene and a diester of oxalic acid in the presence of an alcoholate and is then subjected to the oxidation without isolation. In a preferred embodiment the oxidation reaction mixture is acidified to convert the manganese-(IV) oxide to soluble maganese-(II) salts with concurrent conversion of oxalic acid to carbon dioxide. The process is industrially attractive in terms of the high yield, the availability of starting material and the ease of the manipulative steps involved.

Abstract: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydropyridines-3,5-dicarboxylates substituted by lower alkoxy or lower alkylthio in the 6-position and optionally substituted in the 4-position by lower alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic group are antihypertensive agents and coronary vessel dilators. The compounds, of which 2-amino-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-6-ethoxy-4,5-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester is a representative embodiment, are prepared through condensation of an aldehyde and a 3-aminoacrylate bearing an alkoxy or alkylthio group in the 3-position.

Abstract: 2-Amino-1,4-dihydropyridines bearing an ester carbonyl function in the 3-position, being optionally substituted by lower alkyl in the 5-position, and being substituted in the 4- and 6-positions by lower alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic group are antihypertensive agents and coronary vessel dilators. The compounds, of which 2-amino-6-methyl-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3 carboxylic acid ethyl ester is a representative embodiment, are prepared through condensation of an .alpha.-B-unsaturated ketone and an amidine.

Abstract: 2,6-Diamino-1,4-dihydropyridines bearing carbonyl functions in the 3- and 5-positions and being substituted in the 4-position by lower alkyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic group are antihypertensive agents and coronary vessel dilators. The compounds, of which 2,6-diamino-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid 3,5-diethyl ester is a representative embodiment, are prepared through condensation of an amidine with either an aldehyde or an ylidenecyanoacetoacetic acid ester.

Abstract: 3,4-Dihydropyridones of the formula ##SPC1##Wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl, or --COOR' is a straight, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon or said hydrocarbon interrupted by 1 or 2 oxygen atoms; R.sup.2 is a straight, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon, aryl unsubstituted or substituted by 1 to 3 of the same or different substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, carbalkoxy and SO.sub.n --alkyl wherein n is 0, 1 or 2, or naphthyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, thenyl, furyl or pyrryl unsubstituted or substituted by 1 or more substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy and halogen; and R.sup.3 is a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon or said hydrocarbon interrupted by 1 or 2 oxygen atoms, are produced by reacting an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester of the formula ##EQU1## wherein R is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, and R.sup.