Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide a method for establishing multi-user operation with duplex medium access control in a wireless local area network. Specifically, a trigger frame is transmitted to one or more client stations in a wireless local area network. In response to transmitting the trigger frame, one or more uplink data packets are received from the one or more client stations. It is then determined whether the one or more client stations support duplex operation. A downlink data packet configured in a multi-user data format is transmitted to at least one destined client station that supports duplex operation while simultaneously receiving the one or more uplink data packets from the one or more client stations.

Abstract: A first communication device determines an amount of data queued at the first communication device for transmission. When a control field is to be generated according to a first format, the first communication device determines a scaling value (SV) and an unscaled value (UV) corresponding to the determined amount of data queued for transmission such that a result of SV multiplied by BV indicates the determined amount of data queued for transmission, and generates the control field to include i) a scaling factor subfield set to indicate the SV, and ii) an unscaled queue size subfield set to indicate the BV. When the control field is to be generated according to a second format, the first communication generates the control field to include a queue size subfield set to indicate the determined amount of data queued for transmission and such that the control field does not include the scaling factor subfield.

Abstract: During a service period (SP) for a ranging measurement signal exchange between a first communication device and one or more second communication devices, the first communication device receives respective first null data packets (NDPs) from the one or more second communication devices, and transmits respective second NDPs to the one or more second communication devices. The first communication device transmits, during the SP, respective first ranging measurement feedback packets to the one or more second communication devices to allow each of the one or more second communication devices to determine a time-of-flight between the first communication device and the second communication device and/or receives, during the SP, respective second ranging measurement feedback packets from the one or more second communication devices to allow the first communication device to determine respective times-of-flight between the first communication device and the one or more second communication devices.

Abstract: A first communication device generates respective media access control (MAC) protocol data units (MPDUs) that include respective data for a respective second communication devices, and determines respective resource units (RUs) via which at least some of the second communication devices are to transmit as part of an uplink (UL) orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) physical layer (PHY) transmission to respectively acknowledge receipt of the respective MPDUs. The first communication device generates respective control frames that are configured to prompt the at least some of the second communication devices to transmit the UL OFDMA PHY transmission, and that include indicators of the RUs via which the at least some of the second communication devices are to transmit as part of the UL OFDMA PHY transmission. The first communication device generates and transmits a single multi user (MU) PHY data unit that includes i) the MPDUs, and ii) the control frames.

Abstract: A method for acknowledging a first medium access control (MAC) service data unit (MSDU) is described. A first aggregate MAC protocol data unit (A-MPDU) of a first orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) data unit is received at a first communication device from a second communication device. The first A-MPDU includes a first fragment of a plurality of fragments of the first MSDU. A second A-MPDU of a second OFDMA data unit is received at the first communication device from the second communication device. The second A-MPDU includes a second fragment of the plurality of fragments and the second fragment is an end fragment of the plurality of fragments. A fragment acknowledgment data unit is generated by the first communication device to acknowledge receipt of each of the plurality of fragments of the first MSDU. The fragment acknowledgment data unit is caused to be transmitted to the second communication device.

Abstract: Provided herein are KRAS G12C inhibitors, composition of the same, and methods of using the same. These inhibitors are useful for treating a number of disorders, including pancreatic, colorectal, and lung cancers.

Abstract: An access point (AP) device of a wireless communication network determines that an unassociated client station requests to participate in a ranging measurement procedure with the AP device, and determines a preliminary network ID for uses by the unassociated client station during a ranging measurement session and while the unassociated client station remains unassociated with the wireless communication network. The AP device transmits a packet having the preliminary network ID, and after transmitting the packet having the preliminary network ID, participates in a multi-user (MU) null data packet (NDP) ranging measurement session with a plurality of client stations that includes the unassociated client station.

Abstract: A method includes forming a dummy gate structure over a substrate, forming a plurality of gate spacers respectively on opposite sidewalls of the dummy gate structure and having a first dielectric constant, removing the dummy gate structure to form a gate trench between the gate spacers, forming a dopant source layer to line the gate trench, annealing the dopant source layer to diffuse k-value reduction impurities from the dopant source layer into the gate spacers to lower the first dielectric constant of the gate spacers to a second dielectric constant, and forming a replacement gate stack in the gate trench.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide an apparatus that includes a transceiver circuit and a processing circuit. The transceiver circuit is configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The processing circuit is configured to generate a request frame using an extended control frame format to indicate an enhanced fine timing measurement (EFTM) based range measurement to a second apparatus, cause the transceiver circuit to transmit, when a transmission opportunity (TXOP) is granted to the apparatus, wireless signals carrying the request frame to start the EFTM based range measurement that exchanges null data packets with the second apparatus, and determine a round trip time based on departure and arrival timing information of the null data packets.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system, a method, and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium for deep packet inspection scanning at an application layer of a computer. A method of the presently claimed invention may scan pieces of data received out of order without reassembly at an application layer from a first input state generating one or more output states for each piece of data. The method may then identify that the first input state includes one or more characters that are associated with malicious content. The method may then identify that the data set may include malicious content when the first input state combined with one or more output states matches a known piece of malicious content.

Abstract: A client station receives from an access point (AP) a downlink packet that includes a trigger frame that is configured to prompt the client station to transmit an uplink packet to the AP. The trigger frame includes an indication of whether the client station is required to perform a channel sensing procedure to determine if one or more subchannels are not idle prior to transmitting the uplink packet. In response to the trigger frame indicating that the client station is required to perform the channel sensing procedure: the client station does not transmit the uplink packet in response to determining that the one or more subchannels are not idle. In response to the trigger frame indicating that the client station is not required to perform the channel sensing procedure, the client station transmits the uplink packet without measuring the one or more energy levels in the one or more subchannels.

Abstract: A first communication device transmits a trigger frame transmission to multiple second communication devices to prompt the multiple second communication devices to simultaneously transmit in multiple communication sub-channels. The first communication device receives one or more transmissions from one or more of the second communication devices in less than all of the communication sub-channels. The first communication device generates acknowledgment information for the one or more transmissions from the one or more of the second communication devices, and transmits the acknowledgment information via all of communication sub-channels.

Abstract: A method for operation of a first communication device in a wireless local area network (WLAN) communication channel, having a plurality of component channels, between the first communication device and a second communication device is described. A first physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) and a second PPDU, distinct from the first PPDU, are generated. The first PPDU and second PPDU are transmitted simultaneously to the second communication device over the WLAN communication channel, including: transmitting the first PPDU via a first component channel within a first radio frequency (RF) channel segment that occupies a first frequency bandwidth, and transmitting the second PPDU via a second component channel within a second RF channel segment that occupies a second frequency bandwidth that does not overlap the first frequency bandwidth segment, and is separated from the first frequency bandwidth segment by a frequency gap.

Abstract: Multiple trigger frames are generated at a first communication device to trigger an uplink orthogonal frequency multiple access (OFDMA) transmission by multiple second communication devices. The multiple trigger frames include a broadcast trigger frame that includes information to indicate transmission parameters for a first subset of the second communication devices, and one or more unicast trigger frames, each of the one or more unicast trigger frame including information to indicate transmission parameters for a particular second communication device in a second subset of the second communication devices. The broadcast trigger frame is transmitted, in a first frequency portion of a downlink OFDMA transmission, to the first subset of the second communication devices, and respective unicast trigger frames are transmitted, in respective second frequency portions of the downlink OFDMA transmission, to the second subset of the second communication devices.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus includes a transceiver and a processing circuit. The transceiver is configured to transmit and receive wireless signals. The processing circuit is configured to detect an error of a previous scheduled transmission of data units from the apparatus to another apparatus. The other apparatus provides scheduled resources for transmission between the two apparatuses. Further, the processing circuit is configured to determine resources that are scheduled by the other apparatus for the apparatus to perform retransmission, and provide one or more of the data units in the previous scheduled transmission to the transceiver for retransmission using the scheduled resources.

Abstract: A communication device determines, in connection with a prior uplink multi-user (UL MU) communication in which the communication device participated, whether the communication device is to use one or more first channel access parameters, or one or more second channel access parameters for accessing a communication medium for a single user (SU) transmission by the communication device, where using the one or more first channel access parameters is associated with a greater probability of obtaining access to the communication medium as compared to using the one or more second channel access parameters. Depending on the determination made, the communication device uses the one or more first channel access parameters, or the one or more second channel access parameters to attempt to access the communication medium. In response to accessing the communication medium, the communication device transmits the SU transmission via the communication medium.

Abstract: An oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (OSFET) includes a first insulating layer, a source, a drain, a U-shaped channel layer and a metal gate. The first insulating layer is disposed on a substrate. The source and the drain are disposed in the first insulating layer. The U-shaped channel layer is sandwiched by the source and the drain. The metal gate is disposed on the U-shaped channel layer, wherein the U-shaped channel layer includes at least an oxide semiconductor layer. The present invention also provides a method for forming said oxide semiconductor field effect transistor.

Abstract: Communication apparatus includes a transceiver configured to transmit and receive signals over a wireless channel in accordance with both a first communication protocol and a second communication protocol, the second communication protocol being backward-compatible with the first communication protocol. The transceiver is configured to provide capabilities that are supported by the second communication protocol but are not supported by the first communication protocol. A communication controller is configured to generate data frames for transmission by the transceiver. The date frames include frame headers that are compatible with the first communication protocol while including, in a specified field of the frame headers, a predefined value indicating that the apparatus is capable of communicating in accordance with the second communication protocol.

Abstract: A method of determining whether a wireless communication medium is clear is carried out on a client device, and includes: associating with a first virtual access point (AP) of a plurality of virtual APs implemented by a physical AP; receiving, from a physical AP, a message identifying the basic service set (BSS) color of each of the plurality of virtual APs implemented by on the physical AP; detecting a packet data unit; measuring the energy of the packet data unit; decoding a BSS color from the packet data unit; if the decoded BSS color is the same as a BSS color in the message from the physical AP, then setting an energy threshold to a first level; if the decoded BSS color is not the same as any BSS color in the message from the physical AP, then setting an energy threshold to a second level, wherein the second level is higher than the first level; and transmitting or refraining from transmitting a packet data unit based on a comparison of the measured energy and the energy threshold.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of treating cancer with KRAS G12C inhibitors and compositions of the same. These inhibitors are useful for treating a number of disorders, including pancreatic, colorectal, and lung cancers.