Abstract: A communication device determines whether a PHY data unit is to be transmitted in a first frequency band from among multiple frequency bands in which a WLAN communication protocol permits operation. The multiple frequency bands also include a second frequency band. The communication device determines whether the PHY data unit is to include a PS-Poll frame, and whether a BSS color is currently disabled for the WLAN. In response to i) determining that the PHY data unit is to be transmitted in the first frequency band, ii) determining that the PHY data unit is not to include a PS-Poll frame, and iii) determining that the BSS color is not currently disabled for the WLAN: the communication device determines that a TXOP duration subfield in a PHY preamble of the PHY data unit cannot be set to a value defined by the WLAN communication protocol for indicating a TXOP duration that is unspecified.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure with a capacitor landing pad includes a substrate. A capacitor contact plug is disposed on the substrate. A capacitor landing pad contacts and electrically connects the capacitor contact plug. A bit line is disposed on the substrate. A dielectric layer surrounds the capacitor landing pad. The dielectric layer includes a bottom surface lower than a top surface of the bit line.

Abstract: A backlight control system includes a keyboard device and a computing device. The keyboard device includes a fixed light sheet, at least one movable light sheet, a light guide module and a key module. The computing device includes a processing unit. The movable light sheet is detachably and electrically connected with the fixed circuit board. The fixed light sheet projects a first light beam to plural keys of the key module through the light guide module. In a special scenario mode, the processing unit drives the movable light sheet to project a second light beam to at least one special key of the key module.

Abstract: A first communication device prompts a plurality of second communication devices to transmit, during a contiguous time period reserved for a range measurement exchange, respective first null data packets (NDPs) at respective times. The first communication device receives first NDPs from at least some of the second communication devices during the contiguous time period, and transmits one or more second NDPs to the plurality of second communication devices. The first communication device uses reception of the first NDPs and transmission of the one or more second NDPs to determine respective ranges between the first communication device and respective second communication devices.

Abstract: A keyboard device includes a keyboard module and an illumination module. The keyboard module includes plural first keys and at least one second key. The illumination module includes a light guide plate and a circuit board. The light guide plate includes plural first mapping zones and a second mapping zone. The first mapping zones are located under the corresponding first keys. The second mapping zone is located under the second key. Moreover, at least one side-view light-emitting element and at least one top-view light-emitting element are installed on the circuit board. The side-view light-emitting element emits a first light beam. The top-view light-emitting element emits a second light beam. The first light beam is extracted through the corresponding first mapping zone and transferred to the corresponding first key. The second light beam is transferred to the second key.

Abstract: A structure of semiconductor device is provided, including a first circuit structure, formed on a first substrate. A first test pad is disposed on the first substrate. A second circuit structure is formed on a second substrate. A second test pad is disposed on the second substrate. A first bonding pad of the first circuit structure is bonded to a second bonding pad of the second circuit structure. One of the first test pad and the second test pad is an inner pad while another one of the first test pad and the second test pad is an outer pad, wherein the outer pad surrounds the inner pad.

Abstract: A communication device selects a frequency bandwidth via which a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) will be transmitted in a vehicular communication network, and generates, the PPDU i) according to a downclocking ratio of 1/2, and ii) based on an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) numerology defined by an IEEE 802.11ac Standard. In response to the selected frequency bandwidth being 10 MHz, the PPDU is generated according to the downclocking ratio of 1/2 and based on the OFDM numerology defined by the IEEE 802.11ac Standard for 20 MHz PPDUs. In response to the selected frequency bandwidth being 20 MHz, the PPDU is generated according to the downclocking ratio of 1/2 and based on the OFDM numerology defined by the IEEE 802.11ac Standard for 40 MHz PPDUs.

Abstract: A first client station receives from an access point an indication of whether angular information is to be included in feedback information in a range measurement session. The first client station transmits a null data packet (NDP) as part of an uplink multi-user (MU) PHY transmission that also includes simultaneous transmissions by one or more second client stations of one or more other respective NDPs to the access point as part of the range measurement session. The first client station receives a downlink physical layer (PHY) data unit from the access point that includes respective downlink feedback frames for the first client station and the one or more second client stations. When angular information is to be included in the feedback, a downlink feedback frame for the first client station includes angular information.

Abstract: A first access point (AP), which is associated with one or more first client stations, receives an announcement frame from a second AP that is associated with one or more second client stations. The announcement frame announces a coordinated multi-user (MU) transmission involving at least the first AP and the second AP, includes an indicator of a frequency resource unit (RU) allocated to the first AP for the coordinated MU transmission. The first AP participates in the coordinated MU transmission using the frequency RU indicated by the announcement frame while the second AP also participates in the coordinated MU transmission.

Abstract: A method for performing Internet reachability management and associated apparatus are provided. The method may include: establishing, by a processor of the UE, a first connection to a first access device; receiving, by the processor, an indicator complying with a first protocol sent from the first access device; in response to receiving the indicator, performing, by the processor, a reachability detection complying with a second protocol to generate a detection result; and in response to the detection result representing that a network is not reachable, performing at least one of: displaying, by a display of the UE, a message or icon to represent the first connection or the network is unavailable; disconnecting, by the processor, the first connection; and establishing, by the processor, a second connection to a second access device.

Abstract: Provided herein are KRAS G12C inhibitors, composition of the same, and methods of using the same. These inhibitors are useful for treating a number of disorders, including pancreatic, colorectal, and lung cancers.

Abstract: Described are methods and systems for calibrating simulation models to generate digital twins for physical entities. In some embodiments, a method includes receiving a plurality of datasets for a plurality of corresponding physical entities. A calibration request is enqueued to a calibration requests queue for each received dataset and includes information indicating a dataset and a corresponding physical entity. A plurality of calibration engines and a plurality of corresponding simulation clusters for generating a plurality of calibration results for a plurality of calibration requests dequeued from the calibration requests queue can be deployed.

Abstract: A first communication device generates a frame that includes i) requested values of parameters of a target wake time (TWT) schedule in a wireless local area network (WLAN), and ii) information regarding traffic characteristics of data units that will be communicated during the TWT schedule. As part of negotiating the TWT schedule, the first communication device transmits the frame to a second communication device that will participate in the TWT schedule.

Abstract: A package structure of a semiconductor device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a bonding layer. The bonding layer bonds the first substrate and the second substrate. The bonding layer includes an inner bonding pad pattern and an outer bonding pad pattern formed in a dielectric layer. The outer bonding pad pattern surrounds the inner bonding pad pattern. The outer bonding pad pattern includes first bonding pads, the inner bonding pad pattern includes second bonding pads, a density of the first bonding pads is greater than that of the second bonding pads. The first bonding pads of the outer bonding pad pattern is distributed to form a plurality of pad rings surrounding the inner bonding pad pattern, and the first bonding pads of the plurality of pad rings are aligned in a horizontal direction or a vertical direction.

Abstract: An access point establishes a first communication channel as a primary channel of the access point, and transmits wakeup radio (WUR) beacon frames via a second communication channel, different than the first communication channel, that corresponds to a WUR primary channel. The access point negotiates, with a client station, a third communication channel, different than the first and second communication channels, via which the access point is to transmit wakeup frames for the client station. The access point generates a wakeup frame for transmission to the client station via the third communication channel, generates a wakeup packet to include at least the wakeup frame, and transmits the wakeup packet, including transmitting the wakeup frame to the client station via the third communication channel.

Abstract: A first communication device receives one or more aggregate medium access control (MAC) data units from respective one or more second communication devices. Respective aggregate MAC data units include multiple MAC data units from respective ones of the one or more second communication devices. The first communication device generates one or more acknowledgement information fields, including a first acknowledgement information field corresponding to a particular second communication device includes i) a length indication that indicates a length of an acknowledgement field, and ii) the acknowledgment field of the indicated length. The acknowledgement field includes respective acknowledgement information for at least some of the multiple MAC data units received from the particular second communication device.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a resource request for an uplink (UL) multi-user (MU) transmission is described. A High Throughput (HT) Control field that includes buffer information corresponding to media access control (MAC) protocol data units (MPDUs) that are queued for transmission by a first communication device is generated by the first communication device. The buffer information indicates a number of bytes for the MPDUs that are queued for transmission. A resource request MPDU that includes the HT Control field is generated by the first communication device. The resource request MPDU is transmitted by the first communication device to a second communication device via a wireless communication channel to request an allocation of radio resources for the UL MU transmission by the second communication device.

Abstract: A communication device determines that a communication channel to be used for a multi-user (MU) transmission spans a frequency bandwidth greater than 160 MHz. The communication device allocates one or more frequency resource units (RUs) for the MU transmission, including: in response to determining that the communication channel spans the frequency bandwidth greater than 160 MHz, selecting one or more frequency RUs from a second set of frequency RUs. The second set of frequency RUs omits at least some RUs of a smallest bandwidth that are included in a first set of RUs that is used for allocating frequency RUs for communication channels having bandwidths of at most 160 MHz. The communication device generates allocation information that indicates the allocation of the one or more frequency RUs for the MU transmission, and transmits the allocation information to one or more other communication devices in connection with the MU transmission.

Abstract: In a wireless communication network that operates according to a communication protocol that defines one or more first transmission modes that provide extended range communications as compared to one or second transmission modes defined by the communication protocol, a communication device generates a communication frame that includes information indicating that the one or more first transmission modes should not be used when transmitting in the wireless communication network. The communication device transmits the communication frame to instruct one or more other communication devices in the wireless communication network to not use the one or more first transmission modes when transmitting in the wireless communication network.

Abstract: A package structure of a semiconductor device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a bonding layer. The bonding layer bonds the first substrate and the second substrate. The bonding layer includes an inner bonding pad pattern and an outer bonding pad pattern formed in a dielectric layer. The outer bonding pad pattern surrounds the inner bonding pad pattern. A first bonding pad density of the outer bonding pad pattern is greater than a second bonding pad density of the inner bonding pad pattern.