Abstract: A substrate structure may be used in a display device. The substrate structure may include a base substrate, a transistor, and a silicon oxynitride layer. The transistor may include a semiconductor member and a gate electrode and may overlap the base substrate. The silicon oxynitride layer may directly contact at least one of the base substrate, the semiconductor member, and the gate electrode and may include (and/or contain) a hydrogen atom set. A hydrogen concentration in the silicon oxynitride layer may be greater than or equal to 1.52 atomic percent.

Abstract: An oxide semiconductor device includes a first insulation layer pattern and a second insulation layer pattern disposed on a substrate, an active layer disposed on the first and second insulation layer patterns, the active layer including a source region including the first insulation layer pattern, a drain region including the second insulation layer pattern, and a channel region disposed between the source and drain regions, a source electrode contacting the source region, and a drain electrode contacting the drain region.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a first area displaying an image and a second area adjacent to the first area, the second area transmitting external light, a first electrode and a second electrode disposed in the first area and overlapping each other, an emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode in the first area, a first semiconductor layer disposed in the first area, and a second semiconductor layer disposed in the second area.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel including a first pixel, and a panel driver to generate a first data voltage based on a first or second gamma, to output the first data voltage to the first pixel, to generate a second data voltage based on a third or fourth gamma, and to output the second data voltage to the first pixel, wherein the first and second gammas are based on a first reference gamma, and the third and fourth gammas are based on a second reference gamma different from the first reference gamma, wherein a luminance of an image based on the first or second gammas is higher than a luminance of an image based on the first reference gamma, and wherein a data voltage based on the first gamma has a positive polarity, and a data voltage based on the second gamma has a negative polarity.

Abstract: A transparent display device includes a base substrate having a pixel area and a transmission area, a barrier layer disposed on the base substrate, a pixel circuit disposed in the pixel area, a display structure disposed on the pixel circuit, a transmitting structure disposed in the transmission area, an adhesive layer disposed between the base substrate and the barrier layer, and between the base substrate and the transmitting structure, and a transmitting window defined in the transmission area where the transmitting structure may include a composition including silicon oxynitride, the adhesive layer may include aluminum oxide, and the transmitting window may expose a surface of the transmitting structure.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate and a gate electrode disposed on the substrate. A gate insulating layer is disposed on the substrate and covers the gate electrode. A semiconductor layer is disposed on the gate insulating layer and includes a channel region, a source region, and a drain region. The source and drain regions are separated from each other by the channel region. An etch stopper is disposed on the semiconductor layer. A passivation layer is disposed on the semiconductor layer and covers the etch stopper. A source electrode and a drain electrode are disposed on the passivation layer and are respectively connected to the source region and the drain region. The passivation layer includes a first sub-passivation layer including aluminum oxide (AlOx).

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a dot formed from a plurality of pixels. Each pixel displays a grayscale that is a sum of a first image displayed during an Nth frame and a second image displayed during an (N+1)th frame. N is an integer equal to or greater than 1. The dot includes first and second pixels having a first color, the first pixel displaying an image having a first grayscale based on a first gamma curve, and the second pixel displaying an image having a second grayscale based on a second gamma curve. Third and fourth pixels have a second color and display images having the first grayscale based on the first gamma curve. Fifth and sixth pixels have a third color and display images having the second grayscale based on the second gamma curve.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device according to an exemplary embodiment includes a substrate; a gate electrode formed on the substrate; a gate insulating layer formed on the substrate and covering the gate electrode; a semiconductor layer formed on the gate insulating layer; an etch stopper formed on the semiconductor layer; a passivation layer formed on the semiconductor layer and covering the etch stopper; an interlayer insulating layer formed on the passivation layer; source/drain electrodes formed on the interlayer insulating layer and not overlapping the etch stopper; a planarization layer formed on the interlayer insulating layer and covering the source/drain electrodes; an anode formed on the planarization layer so as to be connected with the drain electrode; a pixel defining layer formed on the planarization layer to partially cover the anode; an organic emission layer formed on the anode; a cathode formed on the organic emission layer and the pixel defining layer; and a sealing member formed on

Abstract: An oxide semiconductor device includes a first insulation layer pattern and a second insulation layer pattern disposed on a substrate, an active layer disposed on the first and second insulation layer patterns, the active layer including a source region including the first insulation layer pattern, a drain region including the second insulation layer pattern, and a channel region disposed between the source and drain regions, a source electrode contacting the source region, and a drain electrode contacting the drain region.

Abstract: An organic light emitting element includes an organic light emitting diode formed on a substrate, coupled to a transistor including a gate, a source and a drain and including a first electrode, an organic thin film layer and a second electrode; a photo diode formed on the substrate and having a semiconductor layer including a high-concentration P doping region, a low-concentration P doping region, an intrinsic region and a high-concentration N doping region; and a controller that controls luminance of light emitted from the organic light emitting diode, to a constant level by controlling a voltage applied to the first electrode and the second electrode according to the voltage outputted from the photo diode.

Abstract: A car control system is disclosed. The car control system for controlling a car by being linked with a car control device (electronic control unit, ECU) that is installed inside the car for electronic control of the car can include: an authentication server configured to perform access authentication for a user terminal and configured to generate an authentication result based on least one of terminal information of the user terminal and vehicle identification information; and a car access device configured to be directly connected with the car control device through an internal network of the car and configured to determine whether a car control request for control of the car by the user terminal is to be relayed to the car control device according to the authentication result of the user terminal.

Abstract: A method for producing tagatose comprises: a) performing epimerization of fructose using hexuronate C4-epimerase to obtain an epimerized product comprising tagatose; b) purifying the epimerized product; and c) crystallizing the purified epimerized product. The hexuronate C4-epimerase is an enzyme derived from Thermotoga maritima, Thermotoga neapolitana, Thermotoga thermarum or mutants thereof. The hexuronate C4-epimerase is produced from strains Escherichia. coli, Corynebacterum glutamicum, Aspergillus oryzae, or Bacillus subtilis.

Abstract: A car control system is disclosed. The car control system for controlling a car by being linked with a car control device (electronic control unit, ECU) that is installed inside the car for electronic control of the car can include: an authentication server configured to perform access authentication for a user terminal and configured to generate an authentication result based on least one of terminal information of the user terminal and vehicle identification information; and a car access device configured to be directly connected with the car control device through an internal network of the car and configured to determine whether a car control request for control of the car by the user terminal is to be relayed to the car control device according to the authentication result of the user terminal.

Abstract: A lighting unit may include a bottom cover having a plurality of sidewalls, a board, a plurality of light emitting diodes, and a light-transmitting resin layer over the plurality of light emitting devices and the board. One of the sidewalls includes a first fixing groove having an inside region greater than an opened inlet region. The light-transmitting resin layer may be provided within the first fixing groove in order to support the light-transmitting resin layer.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display apparatus includes a substrate, a light conversion layer on the substrate, the light conversion layer including an oxide semiconductor, a passivation layer covering the light conversion layer, a first electrode on the passivation layer, an intermediate layer on the first electrode, the intermediate layer including an organic emission layer, and a second electrode on the intermediate layer.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display apparatus includes a substrate, a light conversion layer on the substrate, the light conversion layer including an oxide semiconductor, a passivation layer covering the light conversion layer, a first electrode on the passivation layer, an intermediate layer on the first electrode, the intermediate layer including an organic emission layer, and a second electrode on the intermediate layer.

Abstract: A method of generating a driving voltage which drives a display panel, includes storing a driving voltage data corresponding to a driving frequency of the display panel in a memory, obtaining a frequency signal corresponding to the driving frequency of the display panel, reading out driving voltage data corresponding to the driving frequency of the display panel from the memory according to the frequency signal, and generating a driving voltage of the display panel based on the driving voltage data stored in the memory.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display apparatus includes a substrate, a light conversion layer on the substrate, the light conversion layer including an oxide semiconductor, a passivation layer covering the light conversion layer, a first electrode on the passivation layer, an intermediate layer on the first electrode, the intermediate layer including an organic emission layer, and a second electrode on the intermediate layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising an extract of a mixture of Undaria pinnatifida sporophylls and ascidian shells for treating atopic dermatitis, wherein the composition has the excellent effect of treating atopic dermatitis through the synergistic interaction of the anti-inflammatory effect of Undaria pinnatifida sporophylls and the cell regenerative effect of ascidian shells. The composition of the invention is not involved in the suppression of cytokine production. However, it is assumed that the composition has the effects of suppressing inflammation as well as regenerating skin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flat panel display device comprising a polysilicon thin film transistor and a method of manufacturing the same. Grain sizes of polysilicon grains formed in active channel regions of thin film transistors of a driving circuit portion and a pixel portion of the flat panel display device are different from each other. Further, the flat panel display device comprising P-type and N-type thin film transistors having different particle shapes from each other.