Abstract: A display apparatus includes a base substrate, a pixel on the base substrate, and a color filter part between the base substrate and the pixel. The pixel includes a cover layer defining a TSC (Tunnel Shaped Cavity) on the base substrate, an image display part provided in the TSC, and first and second electrodes which apply an electric field to the image display part.

Abstract: A mask for photolithography includes: a transparent substrate; a phase shift pattern on the transparent substrate and configured to change a phase of light; a dielectric layer on the transparent substrate; and a negative refractive-index meta material layer on the dielectric layer.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition includes: an acrylic copolymer comprising a polymerization product of a first monomer comprising at least one selected from an unsaturated carboxylic acid and an unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride, and a second monomer comprising an olefin-based unsaturated compound; a photosensitive component comprising at least one 1,2-quinonediazide-5-sulfonic acid ester compound selected from compounds represented by Chemical Formulae 1 to 4; a coupling agent; and a solvent, wherein a total amount of asymmetric compounds in the photosensitive component is greater than or equal to 45 area percent as determined by high performance liquid chromatography: wherein R1 is a hydroxyl group or a methyl group, and NQD is a 1,2-quinonediazide 5-sulfonyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display device and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein a spoilage layer generated in a manufacturing process is removed, and a manufacturing method of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: forming a thin film transistor on a substrate including a plurality of pixel areas; forming a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor in the pixel area; forming a sacrificial layer on the pixel electrode; forming a barrier layer on the sacrificial layer; forming a common electrode on the barrier layer; forming a roof layer on the common electrode; patterning the barrier layer, the common electrode, and the roof layer to exposed a portion of the sacrificial layer thereby forming an injection hole; removing the sacrificial layer to form a microcavity for a plurality of pixel areas; removing the barrier layer.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a base substrate, a pixel on the base substrate, and a color filter part between the base substrate and the pixel. The pixel includes a cover layer defining a TSC (Tunnel Shaped Cavity) on the base substrate, an image display part provided in the TSC, and first and second electrodes which apply an electric field to the image display part.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display includes: forming an etch target layer including a conductive material on a first substrate; forming a first mask layer on the etch target layer; forming a block copolymer coating layer including a plurality of polymers on the first mask layer; processing the block copolymer coating layer to form a block copolymer pattern layer including first and second polymer blocks; removing one of the first or second polymer blocks to form a second mask pattern layer; etching the first mask layer by using the second mask pattern layer as an etching mask to form a first mask pattern layer; and etching the etch target layer by using the first mask pattern layer as an etching mask to form a first electrode. The first electrode includes a plurality of the first minute patterns extending in a predetermined direction and having a polarization function.

Abstract: A liquid droplet discharge apparatus that discharges liquid droplets finely and stably and includes a liquid droplet discharge unit and a voltage applying unit that is connected to the liquid droplet discharge unit, the liquid droplet discharge unit includes a nozzle and a tube that surrounds the nozzle, and the nozzle and the tube are coated with metal.

Abstract: A photomask for exposure includes: a transparent substrate; a light blocking pattern layer positioned on the transparent substrate; a first dielectric layer positioned on the light blocking pattern layer and including a dielectric material; and a negative refractive index layer positioned on the first dielectric layer and including a metal. A surface plasmon quasi-bound mode of the photomask for exposure overlaps a wavelength range of the light source of the light exposer which irradiates light to the photomask for exposure.

Abstract: A display substrate includes a pixel switching element, a pixel electrode, a reference line, a control switching element, a bias line, a light sensing element, a sensing capacitor and a light blocking filter pattern. The pixel switching element is connected to a data line and a gate line, includes a first semiconductor pattern. The pixel electrode is connected to the pixel switching element. The reference line is in parallel with the data line. The control switching element is connected to the reference line and the gate line, includes a second semiconductor pattern. The bias line is in parallel with the gate line. The light sensing element is connected to the bias line and the control switching element, includes a third semiconductor pattern. The sensing capacitor is connected to the light sensing element and a storage line. The light blocking filter pattern transmits a first light, and blocks a second light.

Abstract: A method of planarizing a substrate includes forming a conductive pattern on a first surface of a base substrate, forming a positive photoresist layer on the base substrate and the conductive pattern, exposing the positive photoresist layer to light by irradiating a second surface of the base substrate opposite to the first surface with light, developing the positive photoresist layer to form a protruded portion on the conductive pattern, forming a planarizing layer on the base substrate and the protruded portion and eliminating the protruded portion.

Abstract: A display device includes a first base substrate, a second base substrate, pixels, a first polarizer, and a second polarizer. The first base substrate includes light transmitting areas and a light blocking area surrounding each of the light transmitting areas. The pixels respectively overlap the light transmitting areas. The first and second polarizers are spaced apart from each other such that the pixels are disposed therebetween. At least one of the first and second polarizers includes a plurality of optical conversion layers, each of which comprises a plurality of lattice wires.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first substrate to be exposed to external light; a second substrate opposing the first substrate; a gate line arranged over the first substrate such that the gate line is located between the first and second substrates; and an anti-reflective layer. The anti-reflective layer is arranged between the first substrate and the gate line. The anti-reflective layer includes an organic layer and an inorganic layer, and the organic layer includes a light absorber configured to absorb light. The inorganic layer overlaps with the organic layer and has a refractive index smaller than that of the gate line.

Abstract: A display substrate includes a base substrate, a data line disposed on the base substrate, a gate line crossing the data line, a first insulation layer disposed on the base substrate, an active pattern disposed on the first insulation layer and comprising a channel comprising an oxide semiconductor, a source electrode connected to the channel, and a drain electrode connected to the channel, a second insulation layer disposed on the active pattern, and contacting to the source electrode and the drain electrode, a gate electrode disposed on the second insulation layer, and overlapping with the channel, a passivation layer disposed on the gate electrode and the second insulation layer, and a pixel electrode electrically connected to the drain electrode through a first contact hole formed through the passivation layer and the second insulation layer.

Abstract: A pixel circuit and a display device having the pixel circuit are disclosed. One inventive aspect includes a switching thin-film TFT and a light sensing TFT. The switching thin-film TFT includes a first source electrode electrically connected to a data line. A first gate electrode of the switching thin-film TFT and a second source electrode of the light sensing TFT are electrically connected to a first gate line. A first drain electrode of the switching thin-film TFT and a second drain electrode of the light sensing TFT are electrically connected to a pixel electrode.

Abstract: A liquid droplet discharge apparatus that discharges liquid droplets finely and stably and includes a liquid droplet discharge unit and a voltage applying unit that is connected to the liquid droplet discharge unit, the liquid droplet discharge unit includes a nozzle and a tube that surrounds the nozzle, and the nozzle and the tube are coated with metal.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display includes: forming an etch target layer including a conductive material on a first substrate; forming a first mask layer on the etch target layer; forming a block copolymer coating layer including a plurality of polymers on the first mask layer; processing the block copolymer coating layer to form a block copolymer pattern layer including first and second polymer blocks; removing one of the first or second polymer blocks to form a second mask pattern layer; etching the first mask layer by using the second mask pattern layer as an etching mask to form a first mask pattern layer; and etching the etch target layer by using the first mask pattern layer as an etching mask to form a first electrode. The first electrode includes a plurality of the first minute patterns extending in a predetermined direction and having a polarization function.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display includes: forming an etch target layer including a conductive material on a first substrate; forming a first mask layer on the etch target layer; forming a block copolymer coating layer including a plurality of polymers on the first mask layer; processing the block copolymer coating layer to form a block copolymer pattern layer including first and second polymer blocks; removing one of the first or second polymer blocks to form a second mask pattern layer; etching the first mask layer by using the second mask pattern layer as an etching mask to form a first mask pattern layer; and etching the etch target layer by using the first mask pattern layer as an etching mask to form a first electrode. The first electrode includes a plurality of the first minute patterns extending in a predetermined direction and having a polarization function.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel includes: a substrate, a gate line positioned on the substrate and including a gate electrode, a semiconductor layer positioned on the substrate and including an oxide semiconductor, a data wire layer positioned on the substrate and including a data line crossing the gate line, a source electrode connected to the data line, and a drain electrode facing the source electrode, and a capping layer covering the data wire layer, in which an end of the capping layer is inwardly recessed as compared to an end of the data wire layer.

Abstract: Provided are a photomask, including: a substrate; an opaque pattern formed on the substrate and made of a material which does not penetrate light; a first dielectric layer formed on the substrate and the opaque pattern; and a negative refractive-index meta material layer formed on the first dielectric layer, in which a dispersion mode used in the photomask uses a Quasi bound mode, a manufacturing method of the photomask, and a manufacturing method of a substrate using the photomask.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a color filter substrate includes forming a plurality of trenches having a predetermined depth by etching a surface of a transparent substrate, disposing a color filter material in the plurality of trenches to form a color filter layer, and forming a transparent electrode on the transparent substrate including the color filter layer therein.