Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for forming a composite polymer film, a method for preparing the composition for forming a composite polymer film, a composite polymer film and a method for preparing the composite polymer film. The composition for forming a composite polymer film comprises: a fluorine-based polymer solution comprising a fluorine-based polymer; and polyvinylidene fluoride nanoparticles dispersed in the fluorine-based polymer solution. The method for preparing the composition for forming a composite polymer film comprises the steps of: preparing a fluorine-based polymer solution comprising a fluorine-based polymer; and dispersing polyvinylidene fluoride nanoparticles in the fluorine-based polymer solution. The composite polymer film comprises: a polymer matrix formed from a fluorine-based polymer; and polyvinylidene fluoride nanoparticles dispersed in the polymer matrix.

Abstract: Provided are a silicon nitride film etching composition, a method of etching a silicon nitride film using the same, and a manufacturing method of a semiconductor device. Specifically, a silicon nitride film may be stably etched with a high selection ratio relative to a silicon oxide film, and when the composition is applied to an etching process at a high temperature and a semiconductor manufacturing process, not only no precipitate occurs but also anomalous growth in which the thickness of the silicon oxide film is rather increased does not occur, thereby minimizing defects and reliability reduction.

Abstract: A super-steep switching device and an inverter device using the same are disclosed. The super-steep switching device includes a semiconductor channel disposed on a substrate and made of a semiconductor material having impact ionization characteristic; a source electrode and a drain electrode in contact with the semiconductor channel, wherein the source electrode and the drain electrode are disposed on the substrate and are spaced apart from each other; and a gate electrode disposed on the semiconductor channel so as to overlap only a portion of the semiconductor channel, wherein a top surface of the semiconductor channel includes a first area overlapping the gate electrode, and a second area non-overlapping the gate electrode, wherein a ratio of a length of the first area and a length of the second area is in a range of 1:0.1 to 0.4.

Abstract: An image sensor comprises a first and second chips. The first chip includes a first semiconductor substrate, a photoelectric conversion layer in the first semiconductor substrate, a color filter, a micro lens, a first transistor adjacent to the photoelectric conversion layer, a first insulating layer, and a first metal layer in the first insulating layer and connected to the first transistor. The second chip includes a second insulating layer, a second semiconductor substrate, a second transistor on the second semiconductor substrate, a second metal layer in the second insulating layer and connected to a gate structure of the second transistor through a gate contact, a landing metal layer below the second metal layer, and a through via in direct contact with the landing metal layer and vertically passing through the second semiconductor substrate. A width of the through via becomes narrower as the width approaches the third surface.

Abstract: An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a front plate, a back plate facing a direction opposite to the front plate, a side member surrounding a space between the front plate and the back plate, constructed integrally with respect to the back plate, or bonded to the back plate, wherein the side member includes an outer structure constructed of a first metallic material and including at least one first surface constructing an outer surface of the side member and at least one second surface facing the space, an inner structure constructed of a second metallic material different from the first metallic material and including at least one third surface at least partially in contact with the second surface and at least one fourth surface facing the space, a touch screen display exposed through the front plate, an internal structure disposed to the space so as to be adjacent to the side member, constructed of a first polymer material, and including at least one fifth surfac

Abstract: An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a front plate, a back plate facing a direction opposite to the front plate, a side member surrounding a space between the front plate and the back plate, constructed integrally with respect to the back plate, or bonded to the back plate, wherein the side member includes an outer structure constructed of a first metallic material and including at least one first surface constructing an outer surface of the side member and at least one second surface facing the space, an inner structure constructed of a second metallic material different from the first metallic material and including at least one third surface at least partially in contact with the second surface and at least one fourth surface facing the space, a touch screen display exposed through the front plate, an internal structure disposed to the space so as to be adjacent to the side member, constructed of a first polymer material, and including at least one fifth surfac

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for transmitting/receiving control information in a system in which multiple frequencies are used to carry multiple services by means of transmission frames, which are constituted of time resources and/or time-frequency resources. Control information regarding frame configuration information is not transmitted over a separate control channel but over a data channel. The service traffic for each non-primary service traffic may include control information for a primary service. Thus, even when a receiver changes the current service to a target service, control information necessary to detect the location of the target service in a frame and demodulate the target service can be acquired, and thus a service change can be made without reading a separate control channel.

Abstract: A multiple antenna system including a mobile station and a base station are operable to perform a method for transmitting control information for interference mitigation. A Mobile Station (MS) can transmit control information for interference mitigation. The MS determines a first Precoding Matrix Index (PMI) and a second PMI for interference from an adjacent Base Station (BS). Based on a correlation level from correlation values between one of the first PMI and second PMI and the remaining PMIs in the codebook, the MS determines a level of a subset of PMIs, and feeds back information indicating the correlation level.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for transmitting/receiving control information in a system in which multiple frequencies are used to carry multiple services by means of transmission frames, which are constituted of time resources and/or time-frequency resources. Control information regarding frame configuration information is not transmitted over a separate control channel but over a data channel. The service traffic for each non-primary service traffic may include control information for a primary service. Thus, even when a receiver changes the current service to a target service, control information necessary to detect the location of the target service in a frame and demodulate the target service can be acquired, and thus a service change can be made without reading a separate control channel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for transmitting/receiving control information in a system in which one or more Radio Frequencies (RFs) are used to carry multiple services through a frame constituted by time resources or time-frequency resources. Control information regarding frame configuration information is not transmitted over a separate control channel but over a data channel through which to transmit primary service traffic among all service traffic, and each non-primary service traffic other than the primary service traffic includes control information for a primary service. Thus, even when a receiver changes the current service to a target service, control information necessary to detect the location of the target service in a frame and demodulate the target service can be acquired, and thus a service change can be made without reading a separate control channel.

Abstract: A method for operating a Mobile Station (MS) in a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) wireless communication system is provided. The method includes measuring channel quality for a serving Base Station (BS), if the channel quality is less than a threshold, measuring interference power from one or more neighbor BSs, determining a Precoding Matrix Index (PMI) and a priority metric for each neighbor BS, and feeding back at least one of the PMI, a PMI type indicator, the priority metric, and the channel quality to the serving BS.

Abstract: A method for HARQ reordering in Enhanced Uplink Dedicated Channel of WCDMA system includes following steps: locating the soft combination buffer in the Node B and the reordering buffer in the SRNC; locating the HARQ entity in the Node B; locating the reordering queue distribution entity, the reordering entity and the disassembly entity in the SRNC. This invention adopts the separation technology of the soft combination buffer and the reordering buffer, the separation model can not only ensure the diversity gain, but also reduce the receiving delay and save the buffer space. Three mechanisms (timer mechanism, window mechanism and SBI mechanism) are proposed to prevent the blocking of the reordering buffer, which degrades the blocking to the least level, improves the receiving efficiency and the system performance. Aiming at the SBI mechanism, the invention proposes the new DCH data frame structure on the Iub interface and the Iur interface.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving a control message in a wireless communication system that is designed to reduce overhead associated with transmission/reception of the control message. To this end, a transmission apparatus generates a control message, generates a compressed control message by compressing the generated control message, based on a control message that has been lastly received by a reception apparatus from among previously transmitted control messages, selects one of the generated control message and the generated compressed control message according to whether or not the control message lastly received by the reception apparatus exists, and transmits the selected one of the generated control message and the generated compressed control message to the reception apparatus. Therefore, it is possible to reduce resources used for control message transmission, and thus increase the use efficiency of the resources.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting packet data through at least two transmit antennas in a packet data communication system using transmit antenna diversity. In the packet transmitting apparatus, a feedback information interpreter interprets feedback information including CQIs and antenna weights received from a plurality of UEs requesting a packet data service. A weight generator classifies the antenna weights and selects UEs having orthogonal weights. A transmitter applies the selected weights to packet data destined for the selected UEs and transmits the packet data to the selected UEs simultaneously.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for controlling power in a cognitive radio wireless communication system, the method comprising: performing channel scheduling and the first power control for at least one terminal; checking whether the at least one terminal exist within constraint area, and determining whether the at least one terminal within constraint area cause interference to incumbent system; and performing the secondary power control so that an allocating power may be less than the maximum tolerable interference.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating a geo-location of a terminal in a wireless communication system are provided. In a method of operating a terminal for providing geo-location information in a cognitive ratio (CR) system, the method includes obtaining first ranging information and transmitting a first ranging code to a base station (BS) in a network entry process; receiving an allocated second ranging resource from the BS; and transmitting a second ranging code.

Abstract: A security management method in a mobile communication system supporting Proxy Mobile Internet Protocol (IP). In the security management method, a Mobile Node (MN), a Serving Packet Data Service Node (S-PDSN), and an Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) server generate a security key of the Proxy Mobile IP. Upon receipt of information for authentication of a security key from the MN, the S-PDSN sends an access request message to the AAA server and receives information for verification of the security key. The S-PDSN sends a first message for requesting verification of the security-related key to a Home Agent (HA). The HA verifies the security-related key through the AAA server and sends a second message to the S-PDSN when the security-related key is verified. The S-PDSN sends a message indicating initiation of the Proxy Mobile IP, to the MN.

Abstract: A synchronization (sync) code communication device for a CDMA communication system. A base station sync code transmission device comprises a primary sync code transmitter and a secondary sync code transmitter. The primary sync code transmitter is for generating and then transmitting a primary sync code at a first location in a transmission frame. The primary sync code is for acquiring synchronization at a starting point of a frame and the frame is equal to one period of a spreading code. The secondary sync code transmitter is for generating and then transmitting a secondary sync code at a second location in a frame. The secondary sync codes are assigned to base station groups, one to a group. A mobile station sync code receiving device comprises a primary sync code acquisition decider and a base station group decider. The primary sync code acquisition decider is for acquiring a primary sync code received at a first location in a frame, and then acquiring synchronization at a starting point of a frame.

Abstract: A paging apparatus and method in a mobile communication system providing an MBMS (Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service). In the mobile communication system, to page a UE for a first service through a primary carrier during a second service in progress through a secondary carrier, a PICH (Paging Indication Channel) transmitter in a Node B transmits paging indication information to the UE through the primary carrier by oscillating the primary carrier as a transmission frequency. A PCH (Paging Channel) transmitter transmits paging information to the UE through the primary carrier or the secondary carrier by oscillating the primary carrier or the secondary carrier as the transmission frequency under a predetermined control. A PBMSCH (Physical Broadcast Multicast Shared Channel) transmitter transmits data of the second service through the secondary carrier by oscillating the secondary carrier as the transmission frequency.

Abstract: A paging apparatus and method in a mobile communication system providing an MBMS (Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service). In the mobile communication system, to page a UE for a first service through a primary carrier during a second service in progress through a secondary carrier, a PICH (Paging Indication Channel) transmitter in a Node B transmits paging indication information to the UE through the primary carrier by oscillating the primary carrier as a transmission frequency. A PCH (Paging Channel) transmitter transmits paging information to the UE through the primary carrier or the secondary carrier by oscillating the primary carrier or the secondary carrier as the transmission frequency under a predetermined control. A PBMSCH (Physical Broadcast Multicast Shared Channel) transmitter transmits data of the second service through the secondary carrier by oscillating the secondary carrier as the transmission frequency.